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Biomedical subjects

K Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to K Kubo.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Primary structures of human protein kinase C beta I and beta II differ only in their C-terminal sequences.

Two types of cDNA clones encoding human protein kinase C (PKC) were isolated from a spleen cDNA library using rabbit protein kinase C beta I/beta II cDNA as a hybridization probe. Nucleotide sequence analyses of these cDNA inserts revealed complete primary structures of two distinct types of human protein kinase C beta I and beta II which differ only in their C-terminal 50 or 52 amino acid residues. It was concluded that there exist four distinct types of PKC, PKC alpha, beta I, beta II and gamma, in human as well as rabbit, and that the corresponding sequences are strictly conserved among mammalian species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Precise identification of cleavage sites involved in the unusual processing of trypanosome ribosomal RNA.

The large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSRNA) of Trypanosoma brucei is unusual in being cleaved at multiple sites to yield six stable fragments of RNA. We report here the complete nucleotide sequence of two regions of the ribosomal DNA repeat unit. The first sequence includes all of the processing sites involved in the generation of one of the small LSRNA fragments. The second region encodes the trypanosome 5.8 S RNA. By RNA sequencing and S1 nuclease mapping, we have identified the processing sites involved in the generation of both of these small RNAs. On the basis of predicted secondary structure models, we infer that all the cleavages apparently occur near the junction of single- and double-stranded regions. The sites involved in the novel LSRNA processing show a clear symmetry with respect to a conserved region of ten base-pairs. No such signals are evident for the processing sites that generate the 5.8 S RNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The effect of dextran solution on pulmonary plasma-lymph barrier in awake sheep.

We investigated the effect of dextran solution on lung lymph flow in awake sheep with chronic lung lymph fistulas. Ten percent of dextran (molecular weight 40,000) solution or normal saline were infused at 1000 ml/h for 2 h through left atrial catheter. We measured pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), left atrial pressure (Pla), aortic pressure (Psa), cardiac output (CO), oncotic pressures of both plasma (IImv) and lung lymph (IIpmv), lung lymph flow rate (Qlym), and lymph-to-plasma ratio of total protein (L/P). Infusion of dextran solution caused significant increases in Ppa, Pla and CO and decrease in plasma-lung lymph oncotic pressure gradient (IImv-IIpmv), without changes in L/P. Infusion of normal saline caused significant increases in Ppa and Pla and no changes in IImv-IIpmv and CO, and slight decrease in L/P. The calculated filtration coefficients increased by 2.2 fold after dextran infusion and 1.7 fold after normal saline infusion. Moreover, an apparent increase in protein transport across microvessels as evidenced by the normal L/P despite increases in hydrostatic pressure occurred after dextran solution infusion. These results suggest that dextran solution may increase permeability of microvascular wall, as well as effective net pressure gradient across microvessels, both of which result in a large net fluid filtration from microvessels to perimicrovascular compartment.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Dissociation of in vitro sensitivities of glucose transport and antilipolysis to insulin in NIDDM.

It is unclear from previous studies whether qualitative or only quantitative differences exist in insulin action in adipocytes obtained from obese subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) when compared with equally obese nondiabetic subjects. In addition, the role of changes in insulin binding as a cause of insulin resistance in NIDDM is still controversial. We compared the sensitivities of glucose transport and antilipolysis to insulin and measured insulin binding in abdominal adipocytes obtained from 45 obese nondiabetic (% fat, 41 +/- 1), 25 obese diabetic (% fat, 40 +/- 1), and 15 nonobese (% fat, 30 +/- 1) female southwestern American Indians. Compared with the nonobese group, the sensitivities of glucose transport and antilipolysis were reduced in both the obese nondiabetic and obese diabetic groups. Compared with the obese nondiabetic subjects, the ED50 for stimulation of glucose transport was higher in the obese patients with NIDDM (171 +/- 38 vs. 92 +/- 10 pM, P less than 0.005). In contrast, the ED50s for antilipolysis were similar in obese diabetic patients (32 +/- 6 pM) and obese nondiabetic subjects (27 +/- 3 pM). No difference was found in insulin binding in patients with NIDDM when compared with the equally obese nondiabetic subjects. These data indicate 1) the mechanism of insulin resistance differs in NIDDM and obesity, and 2) the selective loss of insulin sensitivity in NIDDM precludes changes in insulin binding as a cause of insulin resistance in this disorder.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

Dialysis dysequilibrium syndrome in neurosurgical patients.

Four neurosurgical patients with acute renal failure are presented. Intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) osmolality, and plasma osmolality were measured before, during, and after hemodialysis. There was an increase in ICP during all six hemodialyses performed on these patients. An osmolality gradient was established between the plasma and the CSF during four hemodialyses performed on two patients but not during one hemodialysis on one other patient. Continuous ventricular drainage and ICP monitoring were simple and effective clinical methods to avoid irreversible herniation during hemodialysis in these patients. A review of the literature on, proposed pathogenesis of, and prophylactic possibilities for dialysis dysequilibrium syndrome in neurosurgical patients is presented.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1987

Clinical features of patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema in Japan.

Clinical studies were performed in 27 consecutive patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema who were transported from the mountains to Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan. The altitude of onset was 2,680 m to 3,190 m above sea level. Symptoms included marked dyspnea, cough, and stridor. Physical findings included cyanosis, tachycardia, and rales. Neurologic disturbances, which were seen in 17 patients, included headache, vomiting, memory disturbance, clouding of consciousness, or coma. Chest roentgenograms revealed patchy infiltrates throughout the pulmonary fields, often in an asymmetric pattern, and enlargement of the right ventricle. Hemodynamic studies by right cardiac catheterization showed that high-altitude pulmonary edema was noncardiogenic. Scintiscans of the lungs with technetium-99m-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) performed in one patient showed decreased perfusion of 99mTc-MAA in the area of infiltrates. Pulmonary edema fluid collected through the endotracheal tube in two patients was rich in protein. Computerized tomograms of the brain showed small ventricles and cisterns, disappearance of sulci, and diffuse low density of the cerebrum, indicating cerebral edema in eight of nine cases. Retinal hemorrhage and papilledema were observed in five patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

New tylosin analogs produced by mutants of Streptomyces fradiae.

2'''-Demethoxytylosin (component IIIc), 2'''-demethoxy-4'''-epi-tylosin (component IIId) and 2'''-O-demethyltylosin (component Vb) were produced by blocked mutant strains of Streptomyces fradiae. Fermentation, isolation, structure determination and biosynthetic considerations of these tylosin analogs are described.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1987

Breast self-examination practice and clinical stage of breast cancer.

The relationship between breast self-examination (BSE) and pre-treatment clinical stage of breast cancer was assessed in female breast cancer patients consisting of 30 patients practicing BSE monthly, 60 patients practicing occasionally, and 60 patients who had rarely or never practiced BSE. These patients were matched by age, residence, and hospital. More frequent practice of BSE was associated with more favorable clinical stage. The percentage of stage I patients was 33% for monthly performers, and this was significantly higher than the value of 14% for those who had rarely or never practiced. BSE practice was significantly related to tumor size measured before treatment in a dose-response manner. The average values of maximum tumor diameter were 2.5 cm for monthly performers, 3.0 cm for occasional performers, and 3.5 cm for those who had rarely or never practiced. The results suggest that BSE practice increases the probability of detecting smaller cancers at an early stage, and this may lead to a more favorable prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical evaluation of cefuzonam in pediatrics].

Cefuzonam (L-105, CZON), a new injectable cephalosporin, was used in 12 pediatric patients with infections. The following is a summary of the results: The 12 cases included 3 cases of tonsillitis (pathogen: Haemophilus parainfluenzae in 1 case, Haemophilus influenzae in 2 cases), 4 cases of pneumonia (Staphylococcus aureus in 1 case, pathogen unknown in 3 cases), 2 cases of nephropyelitis (Escherichia coli in 2 cases), 1 case of purulent lymphadenitis (pathogen unknown), 1 case of purulent thyroiditis (mixed infection of Streptococcus milleri, Haemophilus aphrophilus and anaerobes), and 1 case of vulvar abscess (E. coli). Dose levels of CZON were 42.9 approximately 93.3 mg/kg/day divided into 3 or 4 times and the drug was intravenously injected for 6 to 12 days. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 4 cases, good in 5 cases, and poor in 3 cases, with the efficacy rate of 75.0%. The 3 cases with poor efficacy consisted of 1 case each of pneumonia complicated with chronic granulomatosis, purulent thyroiditis associated with piriform recess fistula, and purulent lymphadenitis of armpit developed after surgical operation of congenital heart disease. In the first 2 cases satisfactory efficacy was not obtained by chemotherapy alone, and complete cure was seen after surgical operation. Side effects were not observed clinically. One case each of slight prolongation of prothrombin time and transient elevations of GOT and GPT values were noted but no severe abnormalities were found in laboratory tests.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗