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Biomedical subjects

K Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to K Kubo.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of lung metastasis from Meibomian gland carcinoma of eyelid with effective chemotherapy].

A 47-year-old man was admitted to Shinshu University Hospital in 1992 because of cough and chest abnormal shadow. In 1987, he had an operation for Meibomian gland carcinoma of his right lower eyelid, and also received radiotherapy. His chest X-ray film on admission showed tumor shadows in the bilateral upper lung fields. The chest CT scan showed tumors in the right S1 and the left S3. Bronchofiberscopic findings demonstrated stenosis of the right upper bronchus and an endobronchial mass occluding the left B3. A biopsy specimen of the endobronchial mass revealed sebaceous carcinoma, which was identical with that of the resected eyelid tumor. He received two courses of chemotherapy in a combination of CDDP 75 mg/m2 and ADM 50 mg/m2. The tumors on chest X-ray and CT scan became small by the chemotherapy. Bronchofiberscopy after the chemotherapy also revealed that the stenosis of the right upper bronchus improved and the endobronchial mass in the left B3 had disappeared. He died 8 months after initial chemotherapy with a response duration of 7 months.

Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous↗
PubMed1994

Gamma knife radiosurgery in the treatment of a meningioma in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis: a case report.

To our knowledge, this is the first report ever on the implementation and results of gamma knife radiosurgery in a regularly dialysed patient. The case presented is that of a 59 year-old female patient with a meningioma. Her initial clinical presentation was with sustained headache. Diagnosis was made by using a brain CT scan and MR imaging. Treatment was performed literally without opening the skull. There was only one complication, namely that of postirradiation brain edema, which developed 19 weeks after the operation, and responded dramatically to steroid administration. This is one of the rare side effects of gamma knife therapy, but does not seem to be related to the fact that the patient was uremic. Gamma knife therapy was successful in this patient and her safety was no more compromised than that of a nonuremic patient undergoing radiosurgery.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1994

[Clinicopathological study of 4 patients with idiopathic BOOP, interstitial type on chest X-ray].

We studied four patients with idiopathic Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia (BOOP) diagnosed by open lung biopsy. All of four presented with acute onset and a rapid course with progressive dyspnea. Their chest X-ray films showed ground-glass opacities with reduced volumes in the bilateral lower lobes. Their chest CT revealed marked increases in lung density with air bronchograms. Radiologically, it was difficult to distinguish these cases from patients with acute interstitial pneumonia. Histologically, in the uninflated specimens, the collapse of alveoli and alveolar spaces filled with foamy macrophages and proteinous exudates were observed. The organizing tissues were present predominantly in the alveolar ducts, but varied in extent among cases. We considered the reduced lung volumes on chest X-ray films and the marked increases in lung density on chest CT to reflect alveolar collapse. Proliferation of type II pneumocytes was remarkable in all cases, but reactivity to antisurfactant protein-A antibody staining was decreased in the collapsed alveoli. It was suggested that the alveolar collapse was caused, in part, by decreased pulmonary surfactant in addition to obstruction of the alveolar ducts. The rapid responses to of these patients corticosteroid therapy may be due to improvement of the alveolar collapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Relationship between two types of organization in idiopathic organizing pneumonia and their clinical features].

Idiopathic organizing pneumonia (OP) was classified pathologically into two types, and the clinical profiles were compared. Cases in which fibrin in Masson bodies, alpha-sm-actin and m-actin antibodies were negative were regarded as type I (14 cases), and those in which they were positive as type II (7 cases). No significant differences in age and sex were observed between the two groups. As to clinical symptoms and laboratory findings, dyspnea and CRP positivity were observed more frequently and inflammatory reactions were stronger, in type II than in type I. The two groups could not be distinguished by chest X-ray findings. With regard to treatments and outcome, chest X-ray shadows disappeared completely after steroid therapy in type I, and no deaths occurred despite recurrence in some cases. In type II, chest X-ray shadows partially remained in all cases even after steroid therapy, recurrence was rare, and death occurred in some cases due to exacerbations of the initial episode. These observations suggest that there are two pathological types of OP and that the differences in clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, treatments, and prognosis between the two types must be taken into consideration in treating OP.

Actins↗
PubMed1994

Antihypertensive effects of a highly potent and long-acting angiotensin II subtype-1 receptor antagonist, (+-)-1-(cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy)ethyl 2-ethoxy-1-[[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl]-1H- benzimidazole-7-carboxylate (TCV-116), in various hypertensive rats.

The antihypertensive effects of (+-)-(cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy)ethyl2-ethoxy-1-[[2'-(1H- tetrazol-5- yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl]-1-H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylate (TCV-116), an angiotensin II (AII) subtype-1 receptor antagonist, were studied in various hypertensive and normotensive rats, using 2-n-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-1-[(2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)bip hen yl-4- yl)methyl]-imidazole, potassium salt (losartan) as a reference compound. TCV-116 is a prodrug, which is converted in vivo to the active component, 2-ethoxy-1-[[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl)]methyl]-1H- benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid (CV-11974). In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) p.o. TCV-116 (0.1 mg/kg) demonstrated a sustained antihypertensive effect that lasted for more than 10 hr and the dose that reduced the blood pressure by an average of 25 mm Hg for 24 hr (ED25), was 0.68 mg/kg. Intravenous CV-11974 reduced the blood pressure with an ED25 of 0.0027 mg/kg. Repeated p.o. administration of TCV-116 (1 mg/kg) to SHR once daily for 2 weeks reduced the blood pressure by 30 to 50 mm Hg over 24 hr without any heart rate changes. The antihypertensive effects of TCV-116 correlated well with the inhibition of angiotensin II-induced contractile responses of aortic strips prepared ex vivo after p.o. administration of TCV-116. Oral TCV-116 had a sustained antihypertensive effect with ED25 of 0.03 and 0.23 mg/kg in two-kidney, one-clip and one-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats, respectively, and was much more potent in SHR and renal-hypertensive rats than losartan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1994

[Purulent empyema].

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Empyema, Pleural↗
PubMed1994

[Hemothorax].

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Hemothorax↗
PubMed1994

[Mixed empyema].

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Aged↗
PubMed1994

[New strategy for diagnosis and treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with t (15;17)].

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-therapy against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is epoch-making in the sense of the first success in both tumor-differentiation therapy and molecule-targeted therapy. Kouseishou APL-study group performed three clinical studies to refractory APL with ATRA from 1990 to 1993. Complete remission (CR) was obtained in 82%, 88% and 78% of 22, 41 and 46 patients, respectively. Molecular diagnosis of the t (15;17) translocation was possible using Southern blot analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15↗
PubMed1994

A multicenter study with once a week or once every two weeks high-dose subcutaneous administration of recombinant human erythropoietin in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of administering relatively high doses of r-HuEPO subcutaneously once a week or once every 2 weeks in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). DESIGN: Multicenter prospective analysis. The trial was divided into two phases: an initial 8-week phase (once a week dosing) followed by a 12-week maintenance phase (once every 2 weeks dosing). A response was defined as a change in hematocrit (Ht) of 3% or more. Results were analyzed using Sheffe's test, Mantel-Haenszel's test, and Dunnett's test. SETTING: Eleven renal units in Japan providing a CAPD program. PATIENTS: Forty-one CAPD patients with a Ht of 28% or less. RESULTS: After the initial 8 weeks, 13 (81.3%) of 16 patients showed a response to 6000 U (106.9 +/- 20.0 U/kg) subcutaneously (sc), once a week. Eleven (84.6%) of 13 in the 9000 U (166.5 +/- 27.7 U/kg) group and all 12 (100%) in the 12,000 U (210.7 +/- 42.1% U/kg) group also showed responses. At the end of both phases, that is, at 20 weeks, 7 (53.8%) of 13 patients in the 6000 U group with once every 2 weeks dosing, 7 (63.6%) of 11 in the 9000 U group, and 10 (90.9%) of 11 in the 12,000 U group maintained responses with the same dosing interval. There were no significant changes in mean blood pressure during the study period, and only 2 patients developed treatable hypertension with mild headache. CONCLUSION: Administration of relatively high doses of r-HuEPO to CAPD patients once a week or once every 2 weeks is safe and potentially an effective regimen for the correction of renal anemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Endothelin-1 analogues substituted at both position 18 and 19: highly potent endothelin antagonists with no selectivity for either receptor subtype ETA or ETB.

Novel endothelin-1 (ET-1) analogues which are highly potent endothelin antagonists at both receptor subtype ETA and ETB are reported. The replacement of Asp18 with the Thr18 and of Ile19 with a hydrophobic amino acid whose side-chain branches on the gamma-carbon such as Leu, cyclohexylalanine, and gamma-methylleucine (gamma-MeLeu) resulted in loss of or significantly decreased the biological activity of ET-1, while high affinity for the ETA (IC50 = 0.42-0.70 nM) and ETB (IC50 = 0.17-0.43 nM) receptor was retained. These compounds were shown to have high antagonist activities in ET-1-induced vasoconstriction of porcine coronary artery (pA2 7.4-7.7) and in Sarafotoxin S6c-induced vasoconstriction of rabbit pulmonary artery ([Thr18, gamma-MeLeu19]ET-1: pA2 8.4). Among these compounds, [Thr18, gamma-MeLeu19]ET-1 has the desirable characteristic of possessing no agonist activity at either receptor subtype.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Synthesis and damage specificity of a novel probe for the detection of abasic sites in DNA.

The abasic site (apurinic/apyrimidinic site) is the most common lesion in DNA and is suggested to be an important intermediate in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. We have recently reported a novel assay for the detection and quantitation of abasic sites in DNA [Kubo, K., Ide, H., Wallace, S. S., & Kow, Y. W. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 3703-3708]. In this assay, the aldehyde group in an abasic site is first modified by a probe bearing a biotin residue, called the Aldehyde Reactive Probe (ARP) and then the tagged biotin is quantified by an ELISA-like assay. However, in the previous study, ARP was prepared only in a crude form, and no solid chemical data concerning the structure and specificity of ARP were reported. In this study, an improved method for the preparative synthesis of ARP has been established, and its structure has been unambiguously characterized using spectroscopic means. In order to elucidate the specificity of ARP to DNA damages, ARP was incubated with a variety of damaged bases or nucleosides and the reaction mixtures were analyzed by HPLC. Of the 14 compounds tested for their reactivity to ARP, 2-deoxyribose (a model compound for an abasic site) and 5-formyluracil reacted with ARP. Interestingly, compounds bearing a formamide group such as formamidopyrimidine and deoxyribosylformamide did not react with ARP, indicating that ARP is specific to damages having an alkyl or allyl aldehyde group. Furthermore, the ability of ARP synthesized by the defined chemical route to detect abasic sites has been substantiated using natural DNA containing abasic sites. Potential applications and limitations of the ARP assay are discussed.

Animals↗