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Biomedical subjects

K Kruse

Publications and source records attributed to K Kruse.

139 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Investigation of alkylation in rat liver chromatin after application of 3H-cyclophosphamid--"fine-distribution" and kinetics].

The alkylation of chromatin constituents (DNA, histones and non-histones) in liver cell nuclei was investigated at various times after intraperitoneal injection of rats with 3H-cyclophosphamid. The highest alkylation was found in the DNA, the lowest in the histones; the euchromatic portions were alkylated several times higher compared to those of the heterochromatin. The eventual elimination of 3H-activity with time indicates that cyclophosphamid leads to repair processes in the DNA, this conclusion being supported by other experimental observations. In some of the 16 subfractions of the nonhistone proteins, alkylated portions are apparantly eliminated by normal protein turnover; however, in other nonhistones this elimination is inhibited, whereby in one subfraction it seems to be accelerated. The results of analog experiments with 14C-tryptophan as a precursor for nonhistone protein synthesis serve as a reference for this. In supplementary in-vitro model experiments using triaziquon as an alkylating agent indications for DNA-Protein-cross-links in chromatin could be obtained by the technique of X-ray low angle scattering, and according to sedimentation behaviour.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1975

[Significance of the 2-deoxy-d-glucose-test on the differentiation of hypoglycemia in childhood (author's transl)].

The 2-deoxy-D-glucose-test (2-DG-test) was applied to 4 children with idiopathic hypoglycemia along with some other tolerance tests. In comparison with the measurement of urinary catecholamine excretion during insulin-induced hypoglycemia, the 2-DG-test seems to be more useful because it is easier to apply and better tolerable. With regard to treatment one should differentiate between an isolated type of adrenal medullary unresponsiveness and a ketotic hypoglycemia with impaired regulation of epinephrine secretion.

Catecholamines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Connatal endocrine disorders caused by receptor defects].

Since the description in 1942 of pseudohypoparathyroidism by Albright et al. hormone resistances have been documented for several peptide and steroid hormones as well as the thyroid hormones. Some of these diseases appear to be acquired while others are genetic. The hormone unresponsiveness may be complete or partial and may involve multiple hormone systems, as demonstrated in pseudohypoparathyroidism type I. Hormone resistances are characterized by hypofunction of hormone systems combined with a normal or even high secretion of the particular hormones. The connatal endocrinopathies where receptor defects have been implicated are reviewed.

Aldosterone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-molecular-mass or macromolecular alkaline phosphatase in sera of children with solid tumors.

High-molecular-mass alkaline phosphatase (H-Mr AP) was detected in sera from children with solid tumors without liver metastases. H-Mr AP activities were determined by a liquid chromatographic and an electrophoretic method. In 5 out of 10 cases with solid tumors--Ewing sarcoma (n = 2), neuroblastoma (n = 2), and rhabdoid tumor (n = 1)--H-Mr AP activities ranged from 3.1-40.4 U/L and 3.1-16% of total serum AP activity. In sera of patients with leukemia (n = 18) H-Mr AP was not detectable. After the treatment of the sera with papain and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, which release membrane-associated AP from membrane particles, H-Mr AP was no longer detectable. These results indicate that H-Mr AP in the sera of patients with solid tumors may derive from increasing cell shedding of the tumor cells with elevated levels of membrane fragments in serum, which is a well known phenomenon in liver tumors. H-Mr AP was not more detectable in the serum after successful tumor treatment. These data suggest that H-Mr AP was produced by the tumors and that this parameter may be a serological marker for some solid tumors even in the presence of normal total AP serum activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Women's experiences in coping with abnormal Papanicolaou results and follow-up colposcopy.

OBJECTIVES: To delineate the primary concerns women associate with abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) results and colposcopy and to identify women's strategies for coping with these potential stressors. DESIGN: A longitudinal, descriptive study involving telephone interviews after participants received abnormal Pap results and mailed questionnaires before and after colposcopy. SETTING: Private and public women's health clinics in the midwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five women who had abnormal Pap results and needed initial colposcopy completed telephone interviews; 40 completed a precolposcopy questionnaire and 35 completed a postcolposcopy questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clients' concerns and coping strategies were assessed after they learned their Pap results were abnormal, the day before colposcopy, and the day after the procedure. RESULTS: Women's primary concerns involved not understanding the Pap results, cancer, or infertility. Coping strategies used most, and rated as helpful throughout the experience, were seeking social support and distraction. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing interventions can be designed to improve women's understanding of the meaning of abnormal Pap results, address concerns about abnormal Pap results, and encourage women to use social support and distraction while awaiting colposcopy.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of Karasek's demand/control model a Canadian occupational setting including shift workers during a period of reorganization and downsizing.

PURPOSE: To apply Karasek's Job Content Model to an analysis of the relationships between job type and perceived stress and stress behaviors in a large company during a period of reorganization and downsizing. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mail-out, mail-back survey. SETTING: A large Canadian telephone/telecommunications company. SUBJECTS: Stratified random sample (stratified by job category) of 2200 out of 13,000 employees with a response rate of 48.8%. MEASURES: Responses to 25 of Karasek's core questions were utilized to define four job types: low-demand and high control = "relaxed"; high demand and high control = "active"; low demand and low control = "passive", and high demand and low control = "high strain." These job types were compared against self-reported stress levels, perceived general level of health, absenteeism, alcohol use, exercise level, and use of medications and drugs. Similar analyses were performed to assess the influence of shift work. RESULTS: Employees with "passive" or "high strain" job types reported higher levels of stress (trend test p < .0001); poorer health (trend test P = .006); and higher levels of absenteeism (trend test p < .0001). More shift workers reported themselves in poor or fair health (chi-square p = .018) and reported high levels of stress at home (chi-square p = .002) than nonshift workers. The relationships between job type and levels of stress, health and absenteeism, however, held for nonshift workers as well. CONCLUSIONS: Job types with high demand and low control were associated with increased stress, increased absenteeism, and poorer self-concept of health. The demand/control model of Karasek and Theorell was validated in this setting with respect to stress and some stress-associated attitudes and behaviors.

Adult↗