[Methotrexate-induced liver cirrhosis in psoriasis. Determination of tissue type and histopathological assessment].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
K Kragballe
Publications and source records attributed to K Kragballe.
Antibody-dependent monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. The interference by platelets, immune complexes, and normal serum.
Monocyte mediated lysis of human type B-erythrocytes coated with heat-inactivated anti-B serum was measured as 51Cr-release. Preincubation of monocytes with heat-inactivated normal AB serum inhibited cytolysis while a strong stimulation of cytolysis was seen with fresh AB serum. These effects of serum were reversible upon cell washing. Preincubation of monocytes with hyperimmune human serum against type B erythrocytes did not alter the cytolysis. After incubation at 37 degrees C of monocytes with immune complexes formed of human albumin and rabbit anti-human albumin a dose-related inhibition of cytolysis was observed. This inhibition was equally expressed at different albumin to anti-albumin ratios. Pretreatment with immune complexes at 4 degrees C had the same effect on cytolysis as pretreatment at 37 degrees C. The effect of immune complexes on monocyte-mediated cytolysis was resistant to repeated cell washing. After incubation of pretreated monocytes at 37 degrees C for up to 18 h some of the inhibition disappeared, but without normalization. Platelet depletion of monocyte suspensions resulted in a significant increase of cytolysis, and addition of washed platelets reinduced a decreased of cytolysis, which correlated with the number of platelets added.
Animals↗
Antibody-dependent monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity in severe atopic dermatitis.
Antibody-dependent monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity was studied in nine patients with severe atopic dermatitis during flares of their disease. In all cases the cytotoxicity was depressed. The disturbed function may contribute to the severe cutaneous infections seen in these patients. It remains to be seen if these patients have an intrinsic monocyte defect or if an inhibiting factor only is operating during active disease states.
Adult↗
Liver biopsy in PUVA-treated patients.
Seventy-five liver biopsies were performed in 30 psoriatics and 5 patients with mycosis fungoides undergoing treatment with photochemotherapy with 8-methoxypsoralen and UVA light. All patients had pre- and post-PUVA biopsies, the latter after one year. Five psoriatics had a further biopsy after 2 1/2 years of treatment. No statistically significant differences were found between biopsies taken before and after treatment.
Adult↗
ATP-ase activity of purified human normal T- and B-lymphocytes.
In 15 healthy individuals the ATP-ase activity of circulating B-lymphocytes was found to be significantly higher than of T-lymphocytes. Two different methods were used for the purification of B- and T-lymphocytes and the result was independent of which one of these methods was used. The demonstration of different ATP-ase activities of unstimulated B- and T-lymphocytes corresponds well with previously published histochemical findings in lymphatic tissues examined for ATP-ase activity. It is concluded from the present study that because of overlapping values determination of the lymphocyte ATP-ase activity cannot serve as a single marker for the B- and T-cell nature of human lymphocytes, but demonstration of an unusual high ATP-ase activity in unstimulated lymphocytes will serve as additional identification of these as belonging to the B-lymphocyte population.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
Immunoproliferative alterations in lymphoid tissues and liver in mice stimulated with Corynebacterium parvum.
Morphological alterations in the spleen, liver, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow and blood were studied in DBA and Balb/C mice treated with Corynebacterium parvum. The spleen lymph nodes and liver increased in size and weight, whereas thymus showed decrease in weight compared to the control group. A marked, early proliferation of monocytes in the bone marrow preceded infiltrations by macrophages in lymph nodes, spleen and liver. These infiltrations were closely related to the vascular structures, became nodular and decreased around day 12 after the injection. A rapid increase in the number of monocytes and transformed lymphocytes of the peripheral blood were noted almost immediately after the administration of the vaccine. No relationship between the degree and duration of the histological changes, strain of mice, and number of inoculations was found. It is suggested that the increase in size and weight of the lymphoid organs and the liver is primarily caused by invasion of macrophages, perhaps secondary to a preceding proliferation of monocytes in the bone marrow.
Animals↗
The monocyte as a model for the study of insulin receptors in man.
We have characterized the cellular composition of preparations isolated from peripheral blood by Ficoll-Isopaque gradient centrifugation. 125I-insulin binding to every cell type was measured. A highly significantly positive correlation between specific cell binding fraction and the monocyte concentration of the heterogeneous cell suspension was demonstrated. Depletion of monocytes reduced the insulin binding approximately 80%, which confirms previous findings by other investigators. The granulocytes possessed the second highest binding ability, but only one fourteenth of that of monocytes. Compared to the lymphocyte the monocyte had about 25 times greater insulin binding. Also thrombocytes bound insulin and contamination with these meant that their contribution to the total specific cell binding was not negligible. A reduction in these contaminants is essential. We found that insulin binding to erythrocytes was insignificant. A method of calculating the specific insulin binding to monocytes alone is introduced. The monocyte-insulin-receptor possesses specificity. Only an insignificant degradation of receptor bound insulin could be shown. Evidence of negative cooperativity between receptors was found. Consequently monocytes are considered a useful model for insulin receptor studies in man.
Binding, Competitive↗
Increased ATP-ase activity of lymphocytes after rosette formation with sheep red blood cells.
In a number of experiments it was demonstrated that in the E-rosette assay for human T-lymphocytes using sheep red blood cells, the ATP-ase activity of the lymphocytes increased in proportion to the number of rosettes being formed. Also, after increasing the number of rosettes by treatment of the sheep red blood cells (SRBC) with neuraminidase and after diminishing the number of rosettes by treatment of the lymphocytes with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), change in the ATP-ase activity was proportional to alterations in the number of rosettes being formed. ALG itself stimulated the lymphocyte ATP-ase activity, possibly through activation of the same receptor sites as used by SRBC.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
Vitamin D3 analogues.
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Administration, Topical↗
Intracutaneous injection of lysophosphatidylcholine induces skin inflammation and accumulation of leukocytes.
Various cell stimuli act through activation of phospholipase A2, which hydrolyses fatty acids from membrane phospholipids, resulting in the formation of fatty acids and lysophospholipids. One of the lysophospholipid classes, lysophosphatidylcholine, is a chemoattractant for monocytes and T-lymphocytes and induces the expression of adhesion molecules on cultured endothelial cells. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether lysophosphatidylcholine possesses proinflammatory properties in vivo. This was assessed clinically and histologically by intracutaneous injection of 200-800 nmol lysophosphatidylcholine in healthy volunteers. Lysophosphatidylcholine elicited a dose- and time-dependent local erythema and oedema. The erythema disappeared within 4 h, while the induration lasted for up to 48 h. HE-stained biopsies taken after 24 h showed a leukocytoclastic vasculitis in 2 of the 6 subjects. Microscopic examination of immunohistochemically stained biopsies taken 24 h after the injection showed a significant increase in the number of T-lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils, whereas the number of Langerhans' cells was unchanged after lysophosphatidylcholine injection. In addition, the number of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and -3-positive cells was increased approximately 3-fold after injection of lysophosphatidylcholine. In conclusion, the phospholipase A2 hydrolysis product lysophosphatidylcholine can induce erythema, oedema, a mixed cellular infiltrate and the expression of adhesion molecules.
Antigens, CD↗