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Biomedical subjects

K Koseki

Publications and source records attributed to K Koseki.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Species differences in regenerative hyperplasia of bladder urothelium after transurethral cauterization.

The early histological changes in bladder urothelium following transurethral cauterization were sequentially studied in female rats, mice, hamsters and guinea pigs. The changes differed markedly between species: papillary hyperplasia or papilloma in the rats and simple hyperplasia in the mice, hamsters and guinea pigs. The regenerative response to the fulgurative ulcer within a given species was similar to the early response previously observed by others following administration of known bladder carcinogens. This suggests that there may be a regulatory mechanism in the urothelium which is common to urothelial proliferations induced by both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic stimulations, though differing between animal species.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of UFT in advanced renal cell cancer].

Clinical trials of UFT have been conducted on patients with far-advanced renal cell cancer with distant metastasis. All patients had evaluable lesions which had shown no change or progressive disease under prior therapy. Five of these cases had received Interferon as prior therapy. Thus far, the antitumor effects of the drug were evaluated in 8 cases according to the criteria proposed by the Koyama-Saito group. Partial response was obtained in 3 of 8 patients (37.5%). Two patients showed no change and three patients showed progressive disease UFT caused anemia and diarrhea in each of patients. To measure the 5-FU level in the tumor and normal kidney tissues UFT was administered at 600 mg per day on the day before radical nephrectomy in 2 patients, who had received embolization therapy of the renal artery prior to surgery. The 5-FU level was higher in tumor and normal kidney tissues than in serum, but there was no significant difference between tumor and normal kidney tissues. The embolization therapy of the renal artery may have been responsible for this result. UFT is one of the most useful drugs for the treatment of renal cell cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[Cytophotometric DNA analysis of the early and superficial esophageal cancer].

Although it is widely known that early esophageal cancer (n-) patients have a favorable prognosis after surgery and the superficial esophageal cancer (n+) patients have a poor one, the differences between them have not been found out under the microscopic examination of the primary lesion. Cytophotometric DNA analysis of the primary lesion was done to search for the differences between early and superficial esophageal cancer. Significant differences were obtained in the mean DNA value (p less than 0.01), the percentage of nuclei beyond tetraploid (p less than 0.001) and the product of 2 indices above (p less than 0.001). The result suggests that cytophotometric DNA analysis is a useful means for differentiating the early esophageal cancer from the superficial esophageal cancer and that the most suitable perioperative combined therapy can be chosen through the Feulgen-stained biopsy specimen.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of the clinical effect of ceftazidime in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Ceftazidime (CAZ) was administered to patients with obstetrical and gynecological infectious diseases and we studied its clinical effect: CAZ was administered to 24 patients at a dose of 2--4 g per day (twice a day) by drip infusion over a period of 3--11 days (total 6--32 g). The subjects included 19 cases of intrauterine infection, 4 of adnexitis, and 1 of infection of the external genital organs. The overall clinical results were excellent in 6 cases and good in 18 cases, the efficacy rate being 100%. For bacteriological study, 26 strains were isolated from 16 patients. These included Gram-positive bacteria (10 strains), Gram-negative bacteria (6 strains) and anaerobes (10 strains). After CAZ treatment, 4 strains (S. mitis 1, E. coli 1, P. anaerobius 1, B. melaninogenicus 1) were eliminated, but as to the other 22 strains, the results were unknown, because we could not examine microbiology after administration. No clinical side effect or abnormality in laboratory findings was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A case of embolization to a large polycystic kidney with infection].

75 year old female who was hospitalized for abdominal pain and fever up on 12th May 1998. She had been followed as a polycystic kidney patient since few years. The swelling of the right kidney and her general condition became gradually worse. On 18th May, the embolization to the right kidney using pure alcohol and gelatin sponge was performed. Within a month, CT scan showed the reduced volume of the right kidney and her blood examination data as well as her general condition became gradually well. And on 17th June, she left our hospital without any complication.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preventable trauma deaths: evaluation by peer review and a guide for quality improvement. Emergency Medical Study Group for Quality.

BACKGROUND: The trauma-injury severity-score (TRISS) methodology was developed in the United States to calculate the probability of survival for trauma patients presenting for emergency care. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the utility of using the TRISS methodology to identify preventable trauma deaths and compared the results to peer review using explicit standards. METHODS: Explicit peer review standards were developed by a focus group. The validity of these standards was evaluated by comparing the results of peer review performed by two independent expert panels. All trauma cases admitted to 10 centers in Japan between April 1, 1994, and March 31, 1996, were evaluated using the TRISS methodology. Cases with an expected probability of survival of more than 0.5 were considered preventable. These cases were subjected to peer review. Patients who were dead on arrival were excluded from analysis. RESULTS: Of 3,125 patients who were not dead on arrival, the TRISS methodology identified 2,525 as having a probability of survival greater than 0.5. In this group, 189 patients died; thus, 25.3% of all deaths were considered preventable by the TRISS method. Peer review found that only 11.2% of the deaths were preventable; thus, only 46.6% of preventable deaths identified by TRISS were confirmed by peer review. Agreement between the two expert peer review panels was very good (kappa = 0.62). CONCLUSION: TRISS can be used as a screening tool to identify potentially preventable trauma deaths. Peer review is appropriate to confirm preventability and to identify potential medical errors.

Data Collection↗