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Biomedical subjects

K Konomi

Publications and source records attributed to K Konomi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Prognosis of pancreatic endocrine function in chronic pancreatitis: significance of surgical treatment.

Of 100 cases of chronic pancreatitis, 20 received surgical treatment. The duration of illness before surgical treatment was less than 5 years in 75% of patients. Post-operatively, the persistent abdominal pain was relieved and serum pancreatic enzyme levels were normalized in all the patients except two who continued drinking alcohol. Exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function were unchanged or slightly improved post-operatively in most cases. In 9 of 10 patients who have been followed up post-operatively for over 4 years, pancreatic endocrine function has been maintained by diet control with no significant impairment of glucose tolerance. These results suggest that in patients with chronic pancreatitis surgical intervention is of greatest benefit in preservation of pancreatic functions when it is performed at an early stage in which these functions are relatively well maintained.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1989

Protective effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on energy metabolism and reticuloendothelial function in the ischemically damaged canine liver.

The protective effects of PGE1 on ischemia-related liver damage were evaluated in dogs. Ninety minutes warm hepatic ischemia was induced by the total clamping of hepatic inflow vasculatures with portal bypassing. The survival rate improved up to 62.5% when PGE1 was administered intravenously prior to ischemia, while no dog survived for longer than 1 week in the nontreated group. Hepatic ATP content was restored up to 80% of preischemic level 2 h after reflow in the PGE1 pretreated group, compared to 55% recovery in the nontreated group. Complete normalization of hepatic energy charge and rapid decrease of lactate were also seen in the PGE1 group. The clearance rate of intravascular lipid emulsion remained fairly normal in the PGE1 group, thereby suggesting well-preserved hepatic reticuloendothelial functions. The serum activities of beta-glucuronidase, GOT and GPT were suppressed in the PGE1-pretreated group, thereby implying a well-protected hepatic integrity. The histology revealed well-preserved hepatic architecture. The remarkable cytoprotective effect of PGE1 on hepatic ischemia shown in this study indicates that PGE1 warrants further study for protection of ischemically compromised hepatic allografts.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1989

A case of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1; the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of its tumors and the analysis of hormones in tumor extracts.

We reported a case of sporadic multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, with multiple insulinoma, parathyroid adenoma, and pituitary tumor. Measurement of hormone contents and immunohistochemical studies of the pancreatic tumors showed that the tumors contained insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. Furthermore, the concentrations of these hormones were different in each tumor. Insulin extracted from the pancreatic tumors analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography revealed no structural abnormalities. On the other hand, in gel filtration evaluation of the extract of the parathyroid adenoma, it was found that the tumor extract contained a macromolecular parathyroid hormone (molecular weight 20,000 to 25,000).

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

An aseptic method to loosen tight, relaxing sutures.

Relaxing sutures are placed to prevent wound dehiscence. These sutures sometimes become too tight, and local pain or edema ensues. An aseptic loosening of the relaxing sutures was devised and healing of the wound was accelerated.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1988

Effects of a stable prostacyclin analog on experimental ischemic acute renal failure.

The effect of OP-41483, a stable prostacyclin (PGI2) analog, on ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) was investigated in dogs. Administration of OP-41483 for three days after ischemia significantly increased renal cortical blood flow (RCBF) when compared with dogs treated with the saline vehicle. In the OP-41483-treated group, serum creatinine levels remained relatively low during postoperative days 1-3 and mean survival time was prolonged. Injection of a silicone rubber vascular casting compound (Microfil) revealed increased numbers of visible renal cortical glomeruli and microvessels compared to the saline vehicle group. Histologic sections showed only very limited tubular necrosis, whereas sections of kidneys treated with saline showed extensive tubular necrosis. In conclusion, this stable prostacyclin analog provided a significant degree of protection for the kidneys from ischemic injury and may be useful in a clinical setting.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

Effect of a stable prostacyclin analogue on canine renal allograft rejection.

The effect of OP-41483 (Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Osaka, Japan), a stable prostacyclin analogue, on canine renal allograft rejection was investigated. Administration for 4 days after transplantation significantly increased renal cortical blood flow and urine output when compared with untreated dogs with renal allografts. Serum creatinine levels remained relatively low during postoperative days 1-4. Mean animal survival time was prolonged. Vascular lesions and mononuclear cell infiltration were greatly diminished in biopsy specimens removed on day 4. This stable prostacyclin analogue provided a degree of protection against canine renal allograft rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

In vitro study of cultured human insulinoma cells: evidence of abnormal sensitivity to glucose.

Human insulinoma cells were isolated and cultured in vitro, and their functional and morphological characteristics were determined. The cells, isolated as single cells or small cell clusters, reaggregated to almost the size of islets by the fifth culture day and were maintained in vitro for more than 1 month. Morphologically (light and electron microscopies) they were intact throughout the culture period. Immunohistochemically more than 50% of the cells in each reaggregate contained insulin. Incubation experiments revealed that a low glucose concentration (15 mg/dL) was sufficient to produce maximal insulin release. In the absence of glucose, 1 microgram/mL glibenclamide increased insulin release. On the other hand, 5 mM theophylline and 10 mM arginine did not alter insulin release significantly. Theophylline, arginine, and glibenclamide did not have any stimulatory effect on insulin release in the presence of 50 mg/dL glucose. Perifusion experiments with 50 mg/dL glucose disclosed a biphasic pattern of insulin release, and no significant change in insulin release occurred when the glucose concentration in the perifusate was switched from 50 to 150 and then back to 50 mg/dL. These findings demonstrate that human insulinoma cells can be isolated and maintained in vitro and that the cells have abnormal sensitivity to glucose.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1986

Anorectal function after high sacrectomy with bilateral resection of S2-S5 nerves. Report of a case.

A 19-year-old man underwent resection at the S1-S2 interspace with sacrifice of bilateral sacral nerves below S2 for a sacral tumor. The postoperative anorectal function was evaluated periodically for one year using manometry and subjective findings. The rectoanal inhibitory reflex was intact, whereas a disturbance of anorectal sensation, a loss of anal squeeze pressure, a decrease of anal canal resting pressure, urinary incontinence, and impotency were apparent. These findings suggest that sacrifice of bilateral sacral nerves below S2 leads to a feeble anal canal basal tone with the rectoanal inhibitory reflex, and that a significant impairment of anorectal function is inevitable.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Protective effect of prostaglandin E1 on ischemia-induced acute renal failure in dogs.

The protective effect of intravenous administration of exogenous prostaglandin E1 on ischemia-induced acute renal failure was investigated in dogs. The parameters studied were renal cortical blood flow, renal function, survival time, and histologic changes. The model was prepared by clamping the renal artery for 1 or 2 hours. Renal cortical blood flow was measured by the hydrogen washout technique. After prostaglandin E1 administration, renal cortical blood flow increased significantly and renal function was maintained at relatively high levels with low serum creatinine and moderate creatinine clearance levels. Mean survival time increased markedly from 4.1 to 35.2 days by administration of prostaglandin E1. Ischemia-induced acute renal failure is usually accompanied by zonal necrosis of renal tubules prominent in the cortex. However, occurrence of these histologic damages could be virtually prevented by prostaglandin E1 administration (i.e., only minimal tubular necrosis was found in a small area of the cortex). We conclude from this study that postischemic administration of exogenous prostaglandin E1 does provide a certain degree of protection for the kidney, which may have a great clinical implication in improving the success rate of kidney transplantation, especially of cadaver donor kidneys.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Preparation and clinical utility of antihuman lymphocyte microsome gamma-globulin.

To eliminate side effects inherent to the administration of the presently available antilymphocyte serum (ALS), microsomal fractions of lymphocytes have used as the antigen. Antiserum produced using microsomal fraction from mouse thymus cell as the antigen proved to have potent immunosuppressive activity. Subsequently, microsomal fraction from cultured human lymphocytes was used to produce potent immunosuppressive antisera. The antisera thus prepared was found to have a high leucoagglutinin titer. The antihuman lymphocyte microsome gamma-globulin (AHLMG) prepared was administered to 6 patients undergoing renal transplantation from living donors. Severe rejection episodes and serious side effects such as anaphylactoid reaction and thrombocytopenia were nil. This AHLMG which is devoid of side effects yet retains immunosuppressive activity warrants extended purification.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Management of massive hemobilia with angiographic embolization.

Two cases of angiographic embolization for the management of massive hemobilia due to hepatico-jejunostomy and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage are presented. The clinical features are described together with a short review of the literature. In addition to defining the bleeding source, angiography provides an effective and safe alternative to surgery for the control of hemobilia.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Identification of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in bile of patients with malignant biliary tract disease.

As a diagnostic aid of malignant hepato-biliary tract disease, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the bile and serum were evaluated in 12 patients with benign and 19 patients with malignant hepato-biliary diseases. Of the 12 patients with benign disease, 3 had a residual choledocholithiasis. CEA levels were determined in 7 patients with cancer of the head of pancreas or of the duodenal ampulla. Bile samples were obtained via biliary tract drainage after allowing for sufficient time to exclude the effects of pre-existing bile stasis or inflammation. The average serum CEA levels from 8 patients with benign disease were 1.5 +/- 0.23 ng/ml in contrast to 3.3 +/- 0.55 ng/ml in 18 with a malignancy (p less than 0.05). The average CEA levels in bile from 9 patients with benign and 19 with a malignancy were 1.7 +/- 0.31 ng/ml and 7.6 +/- 1.70 ng/ml respectively (p less than 0.01). In 3 with residual choledocholithiasis, serum and bile CEA levels were 2.0 +/- 0.46 ng/ml and 13.1 +/- 6.47 ng/ml. The serum and bile CEA levels from 7 patients with cancer of the head of the pancreas or of duodenal ampulla were 2.5 +/- 0.32 ng/ml and 8.8 +/- 3.3 ng/ml, respectively. Although measurement of both serum and bile CEA levels in patients with hepato-biliary tract disease proved to be useful for differentiation of malignant from benign disease, the high value obtained strongly suggests the presence of a malignancy in addition to the residual choledocholithiasis and cancer of the head of the pancreas or of the duodenal ampulla.

Adult↗