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Biomedical subjects

K Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to K Kojima.

At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Small amount of concanavalin A modifies radiation-induced alteration in cell-surface charge depending on its binding condition.

Cell electrophoretic mobility of cultured melanoma cells or rat erythrocytes decreased with time after X-irradiation. Addition of tetravalent concanavalin A or divalent succinyl-concanavalin A before (not after) irradiation, completely blocked the mobility reduction in greater concentrations than 5 mug/l. At 5 mug/l only 3.7 - 10(3) concanavalin A molecules bound to receptors per cell, while 4.18 - 10(7) molecules/cell bound at saturating concentrations. Preincubation with concanavalin A at 37 degrees C was effective even when the cells were treated with alpha-methylmannoside immediately after irradiation. At low temperature, however, concanavalin A was not effective despite a sufficient amount of bound 125I-labelled concanavalin A. Treatment with alpha-methylmannoside following the binding of concanavalin A at 37 degrees C before irradiation inhibited the concanavalin A effect depending on temperature. The residual amount of bound lectin could not account for the temperature dependence. The amount of sialic acid (the main charged substance) was not altered by X-irradiation with or without the lectin. Divalent succinyl-concanavalin A was also effective in blocking the radiation effect on electrophoretic mobility. These results seem to suggest that binding of a very small amount of concanavalin A without causing cell agglutination or clustering of its receptors, induces some alteration in the conformation of receptor glycoprotein, which blocks the internalization of acidic sugar residues by subsequent irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Attempts to induce tubular deformations and subsequent mixed tumours from organotypic cultures of mouse renal mesenchyma.

With the aim of expanding knowledge on the pathogenesis of nephroblastomata, an embryological organ culture system (Grobstein, 1956) was tested for its applicability to in vitro carcinogenesis experiments by using murine sarcoma virus (MSV-M) and 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA). Treatment of CBA/H-T6 mouse metanephrogenic mesenchyma with MSV-M at the pretubular stage neither disturbed the glomerulogenesis nor induced rapid malignant transformation. Treatment of the same tissues with MCA considerably inhibited the glomerulogenesis but failed to also reduce rapid malignant transformation. However, one MSV-M, one MCA and two untreated cultures showed malignant transformation after prolonged survival in vitro and produced different histological types of tumours upon transplantation into newborn CBA/H-T6 mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Isolation and characterization of the plasma membranes from rat ascites hepatomas and from normal rat livers, including newborn, regenerating, and adult livers.

Plasma membranes (PM) were isolated from island-forming types of rat ascites hepatoma (AH 130, AH 602, and AH 7974) and from their free-cell sublines (AH 130FN and AH 7974F), and were characterized in terms of electron-microscopic morphology, marker enzyme activities, and lipid contents. The results were compared with those of the PM isolated in a similar way from newborn, regenerating, and adult livers. The marker enzyme activities, such as Na+, K+-insensitive Mg2+-ATPase [EC 3.6.1.3] (Mg2+-ATPase) and 5'-nucleotidase [EC 3.1.3.5], as well as the phospholipid composition of the PM isolated from hepatomas by Wallach's nitrogen gas cavitation method were similar to those obtained with the PM isolated by a modification of Emmelot's method, although the former method gave a much lower yield in terms of protein than the latter. Based on the modified Emmelot method, sufficiently pure PM preparations could be obtained from the hepatomas in the form of large membrane sheets without any contamination by other identifiable components, as determined with an electron microscope, and with high specific activities of the marker enzymes, such as Na+, K+-sensitive ATPase [EC 3.6.1.3] (Na+, K+ -ATPase), Mg2+ -ATPase, and 5'-nucleotidase. As for the characteristics of the hepatoma PM, lower specific activity of 5'-nucleotidase and higher fatty aldehyde molar percentages in total phospholipids were noted in all the PM from the hepatomas in comparison with normal liver PM of various origins. The PM from the hepatomas showed an increased amount of cholesterol (mumole per mg protein), whereas actively growing newborn and regenerating livers gave rather lower amounts in comparison with that of normal adult liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Alcoholic hyalin-like bodies found in the pancreatic acinar cells and nerve cells of the brain.

The presence of hyalinoid body as an eosinophilic, dendriform to irregularly shaped mass was noted in the cytoplasm of pancreatic acinar cells of 13 among a series of approximately 150 autopsy cases of alcoholism examined. Similar subcellular structures were also demonstrable in nerve cells of the brain in 2 of these cases. The hyalinoid body stained scarlet in phloxine methylene blue preparations and orange-brown in preparations with the Masson staining method (modified procedure of Gomori), and was revealed to be a fibrillar filamentous mass by electron microscopy. These characteristics suggest its marked resemblance to alcoholic hyalin in liver cells.

Adult↗