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K Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to K Kojima.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The inductive effect of interleukin-4 on IgG4 and IgE synthesis in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Using murine monoclonal antibodies against human IgG subclasses, specific and sensitive ELISAs assay to quantify the four human IgG subclasses in cell culture supernatants were established. The effect of human recombinant interleukin-4 (IL-4) on the regulation of IgG subclasses by normal peripheral blood lymphocytes was investigated. In addition to the enhancement of IgE synthesis, IL-4 preferentially induced IgG4 synthesis in vitro, whereas IL-4 had no effect on IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 synthesis. IL-4-induced IgG4 production was blocked in a dose-dependent manner by recombinant interferon-gamma and anti-human IL-4 monoclonal antibody. Collectively, this data indicates that IL-4 plays an important regulatory role in both IgG subclass and IgE synthesis.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1990

Comparative activities of several nucleoside analogs against duck hepatitis B virus in vitro.

Duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) replication in primary duck hepatocytes was monitored by examining the synthesis of both DHBV DNA and DHBV core antigen. Several nucleoside analogs which were previously shown to inhibit the replication of DNA viruses (i.e., herpesviruses) and retroviruses were examined for their inhibitory effects on the synthesis of DHBV core antigen in primary duck hepatocytes. (S)-9-(3-Hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine [(S)-HPMPA], 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-2,6-diaminopurine, 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine, and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine inhibited DHBV core antigen synthesis at concentrations that were significantly lower than those found to be toxic to the primary hepatocytes. Of all the compounds tested, (S)-HPMPA showed the lowest 50% effective concentration (0.5 micrograms/ml). The selectivity index or ratio of the 50% cytotoxic concentration to the 50% effective concentration of (S)-HPMPA was greater than 300. (S)-HPMPA not only inhibited DHBV core antigen but also DHBV DNA synthesis in DHBV-infected hepatocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Arthritis in a human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) carrier.

The case is described of a 57 year old woman with polyarthritis fulfilling the 1987 revised criteria of the American Rheumatism Association for rheumatoid arthritis, accompanied by clinical carrier state infection of HTLV-I. Anti-HTLV-I IgM antibodies were detected by western blot analysis in her synovial fluid and serum. Atypical lymphocytes with nuclear convolutions were found in synovial fluid and synovial tissue obtained from the affected knee joint, suggesting in situ activation of HTLV-I infected lymphocytes in the affected synovial compartment. The HTLV-I antigens were detected (1.2%) in short term cultured synovial fluid lymphocytes, by indirect immunofluorescence. These findings supported the possibility that HTLV-I has a role in triggering or modifying inflammation in the synovial compartment.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

[Morphine hydrochloride suppositories. I. Bioavailability of morphine hydrochloride suppositories in rats].

Bioavailabilities of morphine after rectal administration of three different morphine-HCl suppositories (5 mg/kg) were evaluated in rats. The suppositories were prepared with three fatty bases (Witepsol H-15, Witepsol W-35, Suppocire AT) by the fusion method. The plasma and brain concentrations of morphine and its metabolites, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide, were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The bioavailabilities of morphine after rectal administration were compared with those after intravenous and oral administration of morphine.HCl solution (5 mg/kg). The plasma levels of morphine after rectal administration of morphine.HCl solution were higher than those after oral administration, whereas the plasma levels of metabolite, morphine-3-glucuronide was lower than those after oral administration. Morphine after rectal administration of Witepsol H-15 suppository released more easily than other suppositories. The inter-animal variation in the plasma levels of morphine after rectal administration of Witepsol H-15 suppository was smaller than those of other suppositories. Results obtained in this study indicate that morphine.HCl suppository prepared with Witepsol H-15 is a promising material as preparation of suppositories.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Morphine hydrochloride suppositories. II. Bioavailability of morphine hydrochloride suppositories in dogs].

Bioavailabilities of morphine after rectal administration of three different morphine.HCl suppositories were evaluated in dogs, whose rectum was lavaged or non-lavaged. The suppositories were prepared with three fatty bases (Witepsol H-15, Witepsol W-35, Suppocire AT) by the fusion method. The release of morphine from the suppositories was examined after stored for two weeks at 30 degrees C. The plasma concentrations of morphine and its metabolites, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide, were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The bioavailabilities of morphine after rectal administration were compared with those after intravenous and oral administration of morphine++.HCl solution. In the case of rectal lavaged dogs, the plasma levels of morphine after rectal administration of morphine.HCl solution were higher than those after oral administration of morphine.HCl solution. The release of morphine from Witepsol H-15 suppository was more rapid than those from other suppositories. Morphine after rectal administration of Witepsol H-15 suppository was rapidly absorbed in the rectum, and the inter-animal variation of its plasma levels was smaller than those of other suppositories. In rectal non-lavaged dogs, the bioavailabilities of morphine after rectal administration of morphine.HCl solution and suppositories decreased more than those of rectal lavaged dogs. Although the bioavailability of morphine after rectal administration of morphine.HCl was decreased by the influence of contents in the rectum, morphine from Witepsol H-15 suppository was more rapidly absorbed in the rectum, and the inter-animal variation of its plasma levels was smaller. These results indicate that, among their suppositories, Witepsol H-15 suppository is available for the terminal care of malignant disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Quantitation of IgG subclass antibodies to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides by ELISA, using Pneumovax-specific antibodies as a reference.

A quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method has been developed to assay the levels of IgG subclasses to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PCP) by using a reference standard. This standard solution containing specific antibodies to a polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax) was purified from the serum of an immunized healthy adult by affinity chromatography. In order to determine the predominant response to Pneumovax in the four IgG subclasses, specific IgG subclasses in preimmune and postimmune sera from six healthy adults were assessed quantitatively by the ELISA. With regard to peak concentrations after immunization, there was a marked increase in the IgG2 subclass, compared with those of IgG1 and IgG3. Such a quantitative assay of Pneumovax-specific IgG subclass antibodies is useful for the direct evaluation of immune responses to immunization with a polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine, and at the same time, for estimating the IgG2 response to PCP antigens in individuals.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comprehensive computer system in the outpatient clinic.

A clinical computing system in a one-physician outpatient clinic is described. It consists of a computer-stored medical history at its center with associated blood examination equipment, a drug delivering machine and a cost calculation program. Two-month's experience has demonstrated its eligibility to clinical practice.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed1990

Regulation of IgE and IgG4 synthesis in patients with hyper IgE syndrome.

In order to investigate the imbalance of IgG subclasses and its relationship to IgE level, 14 patients with hyper IgE syndrome (HIE syndrome) were examined for serum IgG subclasses and IgE levels and five of these patients were studied for in vitro IgE and IgG subclass production by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in response to interleukin-4 (IL-4)/interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Serum IgE levels were highly correlative with serum IgG4 levels (r = 0.75, P less than 0.005), but not with IgG1, IgG2 or IgG3 levels (r = 0.21, 0.43 and 0.41, respectively). In an in vitro study, recombinant IL-4 enhanced not only spontaneous IgE synthesis but also IgG4 synthesis in cultures of PBL from patients with HIE syndrome as well as in healthy donors (P less than 0.01), and the effect of recombinant IL-4 on both IgE and IgG4 synthesis was inhibited by low concentrations of recombinant IFN-gamma (P less than 0.01). The disturbed regulation of IgE and IgG4 seen in patients with hyper IgE syndrome may be caused mainly by the disturbed regulation of both cytokines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Lysis of the cells of Propionibacterium acnes by the culture supernatant of Actinomyces viscosus].

Ecologically there seemed to be antagonistic relations between Actinomyces viscosus and Propionibacterium acnes. The Supernatant of A. viscosus was shown to possess a lytic activity on the growing cells of P. acnes. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Only a small number of P. acnes was isolated in samples from which numerous A. viscosus were isolated. On the other hand, P. acnes were frequently isolated in samples from which few cells of A. viscosus were isolated. 2. The concentrate with ammonium sulfate of the anaerobic culture supernatant of A. viscosus was used as a lytic factor. When P. acnes was grown in broth with the lytic factor, for a short time optical density of the culture increased and then decreased. Release of 3H-thymidine was observed from the radio-labeled cells of P. acnes, suggesting the release of DNA due to the disruption of the cells. 3. Gram positive staining during early stage of cell lysis began to turn to Gram negative and disrupted cells were observed at later stages. Using an electronic microscope it was observed that cell poles were broken with cytoplasm flowing out. 4. The lytic factor lysed the growing cells, but did not lyse either the resting cells or the dead cells. 5. Radio-labeled high molecular substances were released into the supernatant from the growing cells of P. acnes which were radio-labeled by 3H-glycerol or 14C-alanine. This suggested the release of lipoteichoic acid or peptidoglycan. 6. The lytic factor did not release radio-labeled substances from the isolated peptidoglycan which was radio-labeled by both 3H-glucosamine and 14C-alanine. 7. Lysis of P. acnes by the lytic factor was inhibited by adding chloramphenicol which was assumed to inhibit the release of lipoteichoic acid. 8. From the results mentioned above, the lytic factor seemed to cause the cellular lysis of P. acnes by the release of lipoteichoic acid followed by activation of the autolytic enzyme. This mode of action is similar to that of penicillin, but the molecule of the lytic factor seemed to have the nature of protein.

Actinomyces viscosus↗
PubMed1990

[A case of adrenal myelolipoma].

Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare, nonfunctioning, and benign tumor composed of varying proportion of fat and bone marrow elements. A case is presented of a thirty-six-year-old woman in whom the diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma was suspected preoperatively by ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient cured by surgery. Histological examination showed mature adipose tissue and normal hemopoietic tissue. This is the first report which describes MRI of adrenal myelolipoma in Japan.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[A case of pseudoinfarct of the liver (Zahn's infarct)].

We reported a case of pseudoinfarct (Zahn's infarct) of the liver caused by the inflammatory pseudotumor. A dense segmental staining in the area of Zahn's infarct, which was thought to be characteristic finding, was found on the hepatic angiography. This finding was supposed to be consistent with sinusoidal hyperemia according to the pathological finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Thin-section computed tomography of the bronchi; 2. Right upper lobe and left upper division].

Thin (2mm) section contiguous computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained through the bronchi of the right upper lobe and the left upper division in 30 patients. All segmental bronchi were identified. The right subsegmental bronchi were identified in 100%, and the left subsegmental bronchi in 97%. The type of the orifice of the right bronchus was trifurcated (53%), the extension of B1 was apicoanterior (50%), and the size of B2b was equal to B3a (63%). The extension of the left B3 was subapicoanterior (38%), and the size of B1+2c was equal to B3a (62%).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pulmonary lesion of paraquat poisoning on high resolution CT].

It is well known that paraquat causes severe organ-toxicity and pulmonary damage. We observed the progress of a patient who survived paraquat poisoning, and we recorded the changes in the lung by high resolution CT. The patient was a 35-year-old man who attempted suicide by paraquat (Guramoxone 100 ml) ingestion. At the time of hospitalization, there was no respiratory involvement. Five days after ingestion, an X-ray examination showed only indistinct vascularity of both lung fields, but high resolution CT showed increased density in the central part of both lung fields. According to the clinical progress after ingestion, mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema were noted by chest X-ray examination. On the other hand, severe interstitial pneumonia progression of severe lung fibrosis with a decrease in lung volume and interstitial pulmonary emphysema in addition to mediastinal, subcutaneous emphysema were seen by high resolution CT. High resolution CT is useful for detecting morphologic change and diagnosing clinical stages. Observing the course of changes by high resolution CT is useful for deciding the course of clinical therapy, and we have no hesitation in affirming that it should be used in such cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of photocoagulation on diabetic macular edema].

Retrospective analysis of clinical cases observed for three years with respect to the appearance of the fundus and visual acuity was conducted to evaluate the effect of photocoagulation therapy on macular edema in relation to whither diabetic retinopathy was accompanied by, focal or cystoid, macular edema. In addition to glycemic control, focal and direct treatment of responsible lesions was found effective for focal macular edema in simple diabetic retinopathy. Concerning all types of retinopathy, the prognosis of focal macular edema was significantly favorable to that of cystoid macular edema. Blood sugar control also influenced the prognosis of focal edema. The changes of retinopathy were closely associated with the prognosis of focal macular edema in preproliferative and proliferative retinopathy. Disseminated photocoagulation and panretinal photocoagulation showed no difference as to the results of indirect treatment of focal macular edema in preproliferative retinopathy. Macular alterations other than macular edema occurred in a higher proportion of cases of proliferative retinopathy than in simple or preproliferative retinopathy. This accounted for low visual recovery in the former group in comparison to simple retinopathy. It was concluded that the direct treatment of the involved lesions is effective for focal macular edema in simple retinopathy and that extensive photocoagulation in preproliferative and proliferative retinopathy indirectly has a favorable influence on focal edema by means of amelioration of retinopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Renal lymphoma; six cases].

Six patients had nine kidneys with lymphoma. Five patients (83%) had non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and three (50%) bilaterally. There were multiple nodules in four kidneys (44%). The lesions were changeful in the course. Gallium scintigraphy showed abnormal uptakes. Magnetic resonance imaging was examined in one case. The lesions were hypovascular in the angiographies. Inflammation is one of the different diagnosis.

Adult↗