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Biomedical subjects

K Koike

Publications and source records attributed to K Koike.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Single-cell origin of human mixed hemopoietic colonies expressing various combinations of cell lineages.

We have established single-cell culture for human mixed hemopoietic colonies using a micromanipulator. Mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood were cultured at a concentration of 1 X 10(4) cells per milliliter in methylcellulose medium containing medium conditioned by phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocytes and erythropoietin. It was possible to identify the single hemopoietic progenitors in situ in methylcellulose culture on the basis of unique morphology and migratory ability after 36 to 60 hours of incubation. Candidate single hemopoietic progenitors from methylcellulose medium were individually micromanipulated to secondary culture dishes and cultured for an additional ten to 14 days. The colonies derived from the single progenitors were individually picked and stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa for analyses of the cellular composition. A total of 288 single cells were individually transferred to second dishes. Then 186 single cells produced secondary colonies consisting of cells in one to five different lineages. A total of 39 single cells produced mixed hemopoietic colonies consisting of cells in two, three, four, and five different lineages. There were eight types of colonies revealing two different lineages, ie, neutrophil (n)-erythrocyte (E), macrophage (m)-E, m-megakaryocyte (M), eosinophil (e)-basophil (b), eE, bE, bM, and EM lineages. Three types of colonies consisting of cells in three lineages were also seen, ie, nmM, nbE, and ebE. There were six types of colonies consisting of cells in four lineages, ie, nmbM, nmEM, nebE, mebM, and meEM. One type of colony consisted of cells in five different lineages (nmbEM). These results indicate the single-cell origin of human mixed hemopoietic colonies expressing various combinations of cell lineages. It also provides experimental data in support of stochastic mechanisms of stem cell differentiation.

Azure Stains↗
PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefpimizole in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Cefpimizole (AC-1370) was studied for its transference into adnexa uteri and uterine tissues as well as for its effects and safety on gynecological infections. The results obtained are as follows: Peak levels of AC-1370 were obtained in the antecubital vein and uterine artery at 10 minutes, in the tissues of adnexa uteri and uteri about 30 minutes after one shot intravenous injection of AC-1370 1 g, and relatively high concentrations were maintained for several hours. In the treatment of 30 cases of gynecological infections, the clinical efficacy of AC-1370 was assessed as effective in all cases. As for the bacteriological effects of AC-1370, 77.6% of isolated organisms were eradicated and 90% of all cases were effective. Side effects and abnormal laboratory findings due to AC-1370 were not observed during and after administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical trial of cefpiramide in the gynecological field].

Cefpiramide (CPM) was administrated intramuscularly to 27 cases of gynecological infections to evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety and the following results wee obtained. CPM was effective to all the cases of gynecological infections, and excellent was seen in 14 cases and good was seen in 13 cases. CPM eliminated 75% of clinical isolates. Laboratory tests were performed to blood samples and functions of liver and kidney before and after CPM treatment. Elevation of GPT was observed in 2 cases but required no treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Assessment of ability to withstand lung resections and post-operative survival in patients with respiratory disorders and bronchogenic carcinoma].

Of 1192 lung resections in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma since 1952, the early post-operative mortality averaged 3.9%, whereas during the last ten years, it was 2.6% of 730 lung resections, including 159 (22%) pneumonectomies, 76 (10%) bilobectomies, 492 (67%) single lobectomies and 3 (0.4%) partial lung resections. In the latter, 352 (48.2%) and 75 (10%) had airway obstructive failure of FEV1.0 less than 70% and 55%, respectively, and, 56 (7.7%) and 9 (1%) represented preoperative hypoxia of PaO2 less than 70 torr and 60 torr, respectively. The ratios of pneumonectomies in these, being similar to those with better lung functions, the perioperative mortality was also similar. Our previously reported indices preoperatively to prove ability to withstand curative lung resections, being supported by these data, we attempted in a certain limited group of patients, extendingly to clear patients with critically poor predicted pulmonary vascular reserve pf 710-930 dyne . cm-5 . sec/m2 for lung resections, resulting in six elevenths of over one year survival. One must extend benefit of lung resection to patients with coexistence of bronchogenic carcinoma and respiratory disorder apparently severe enough to preclude resection surgery by critical assessment of the predicted pulmonary vascular reserve after lung resection.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Effect of pituitary transplants on the LH-RH concentrations in the medial basal hypothalamus and hypophyseal portal blood.

The effects of hyperprolactinemia on catecholamine turnover in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) and on the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) concentrations in MBH and hypophyseal portal blood were investigated in female Wistar rats. Chronic endogenous hyperprolactinemia was produced by implantation of anterior pituitary glands under the kidney capsule. Catecholamine turnover in the MBH was studied by inhibiting monoamine oxidase and then measuring the accumulation of catecholamines by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Rats bearing pituitary transplants exhibited: (1) persistent vaginal diestrus within 3-6 days of the implantation; (2) increased serum concentrations of prolactin (PRL); (3) decreased serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH); (4) increased pituitary concentrations of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); (5) increased turnovers of dopamine in the MBH; and (6) decreased concentrations of LH-RH in the MBH and in plasma of hypophyseal portal blood. These findings suggest that chronic hyperprolactinemia may increase dopaminergic tone in the MBH that may inhibit LH-RH secretion from the MBH, and LH release from the pituitary. These processes may be responsible for disturbances of cyclic pituitary-ovarian activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Intrinsic activity and effects of guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate, Gpp(NH)p on the affinity of partial agonists to the muscarinic receptor.

The effects of a GTP analogue, guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate, Gpp(NH)p on the inhibition of [3H]3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) binding by some partial agonists were studied with a microsomal fraction of longitudinal muscle of guinea-pig ileum and compared with the intrinsic activity of the partial agonists which was estimated in the longitudinal muscle of guinea-pig ileum. There was a good correlation between the inhibitory effects of Gpp(NH)p on the affinity of the partial agonists to muscarinic receptors and their intrinsic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Fluorescent analysis of alpha-keto acids in serum and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A procedure for rapid separation and microquantitative determination of various alpha-keto acids in serum and urine was developed. The procedure used reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of the alpha-keto acids after derivatization into fluorescent quinoxalines by reaction with o-phenylenediamine. Deproteinization of serum with tungstic acid or methanol facilitated a constant recovery of alpha-keto acids. The useful range of analysis of seven alpha-keto acids by isocratic chromatography was from 10 to 250 pmol. The fluorescence emission was measured at 410 nm with excitation at 350 nm. The data obtained from samples of patients with chronic pyruvic acidemia and maple syrup urine disease, confirmed the usefulness of the method in clinical applications. A slightly modified procedure was needed for the analysis of oxaloacetic acid and phenylpyruvic acid.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1984

Interaction of a beta-adrenergic partial agonist with its receptor in guinea-pig taenia caecum.

Beta-adrenoceptor mechanisms in guinea-pig taenia caecum were studied by means of a receptor-binding technique. Hill plots of test drugs obtained from inhibition curves were linear with slopes which were equal to 1.00. pKi-values of isoprenaline and desisopropylprocaterol were in agreement with those pD2-values. pKi-value of carteolol was in agreement with its pA2-value. The beta-adrenoceptor is suggested to have two different sites; one can interact with the agonist and partial agonist and the other can interact with the antagonist and partial agonist.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1984

Complete nucleotide sequence of hepatitis B virus DNA of subtype adr and its conserved gene organization.

The complete nucleotide sequence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA from Dane particles of subtype adr was determined. The 3215-bp sequence showed the presence of genes for the surface antigen (226 amino acids) and core antigen (183 amino acids), in addition to two (long and small) open reading frames (ORFs) capable of coding the 843 and 154 amino acids. These ORFs differed from those of the other adr clones so far reported [Ono et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 11 (1983) 1747-1757; Fujiyama et al., Nucl. Acids Res. 11 (1983) 4601-4610]. The gene organization of HBV DNA was found to be well conserved irrespective of subtype. The direct repeat of the undecanucleotide sequence near the 5' ends of the short (S) and long (L) strands of HBV DNA and the two small direct repeats between both 5' ends were found to be characteristic structures.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

An electron microscopic study of acute promyelocytic leukemia with chloroma.

Tumor forming acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is rare and only three cases have been documented. However, there are no reports on either the chloromatous character or electron microscopical analysis. The present paper dealt with a light, electron microscopic and histochemical study of the tumor of APL in a 55-year-old Japanese male. The tumors found in the anterior mediastinum and right lower extremity. He died from respiratory disturbance and hydrothorax due to obstruction of the pulmonary truncus by the mediastinal tumor. In electron microscopy, the tumor cells showed dilatation, colloracious pattern and honey-comb-like structure of rough endoplasmic reticula (RER) and parallel array-arrangement of smooth endoplasmic reticula (SER). These abnormalities of ER are the same as those recently recognized in leukemic cells in APL. Furthermore, the intercellular junctions composed of opposing dense patches of the cytoplasmic plasmalemma were frequently found between the more immature tumor cell of the mediastinum.

Endoplasmic Reticulum↗
PubMed1984

Maitotoxin stimulates hormonal release and calcium flux in rat anterior pituitary cells in vitro.

The marine dinoflagellate toxin maitotoxin (MTX), an activator of calcium channels, stimulates the release of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) from monolayers of anterior pituitary cells in a dose-dependent manner. Maitotoxin significantly increased PRL, GH, and LH release within 1.5 min and TSH release within 3.5 min, and the stimulation continued for at least 1 h (P less than 0.01). MTX-stimulated hormonal release was blocked by the calcium channel blocker manganese (P less than 0.01). In freshly dispersed perifused pituitary cells in columns, exposure to MTX for 10 min markedly increased PRL, GH, TSH, and LH release for at least 1 h after withdrawal of the toxin. In other experiments, MTX significantly stimulated 45Ca2+ exchange by dispersed pituitary cells within 30 s, continuing for at least 30 min. We conclude that MTX increases anterior pituitary hormonal release, possibly by activating calcium channels, thereby increasing cellular calcium influx. Thus MTX may be a useful agent for investigating the involvement of Ca2+ in hormonal secretory processes.

Animals↗