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Biomedical subjects

K Koide

Publications and source records attributed to K Koide.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical significance of thrombocytopenia associated with hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases].

We investigated the clinical significance of thrombocytopenia (platelet counts less than 10 x 10(4)/mm3) associated with hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease. This study was conducted in 96 patients suffering from hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases. We divided the clinical course into 3 stages: acute (from the 1st to 7th day), subacute (8th-21st day) and chronic (after the 22nd day). The average age of the patients with thrombocytopenia (TCP) was 60.6 years old. TCP was more frequent in men (81.3%) than in women (18.7%). TCP developed in 18.6% (8/43) of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and in 15.1% (8/53) of those with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Among the patients with SAH, four were in the acute stage, three in the subacute stage and two in the chronic stage. TCP due to SAH was more likely to develop in the acute and/or subacute stage. TCP due to SAH showed two peak appearances: the first was within 24 hours (n = 3), and the second was around 10 days after onset (n = 3). The cause of TCP in its late peak appearance was presumed to be the consumption of platelets due to microembolism induced by vasospasm and/or hemodilution therapy. Among patients with ICH, five cases were in the acute stage, three in the subacute stage and two in the chronic stage. TCP due to ICH was more likely to develop in the acute stage. Fifty percent (4/8) of the patients with ICH had TCP on admission. This data suggested that TCP was possibly a cause or an inducer for ICH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of protocol for the craniomandibular disorders. 2. Craniomandibular disorders according to new classification].

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual state in the patients with extensive pathological states of craniomandibular disorders (CMDs). 100 patients, with their ages ranging from 11 to 77 years old, were selected for the study and they were divided into 5 groups according to classification of Japanese Society for Temporomandibular Joint. The following results were obtained: 1. By classification type, the ratio was 88, 16, 8 and 2% for Type III, Type I, Type IV and Type II. Type V was not found. 2. 22% of patients were male and 78% were female. The ratio of male and female was 1:4. 3. By age group, the ratio was 34, 23, 18, 12, 11, 1 and 1% for twenties, tens, thirties, fifties, forties, sixties and seventies. CMDs was found highly in younger ages (tens and twenties). 4. The ratio diagnosed Type III was 86.9, 97.0, 88.8 and 83.3% for tens, twenties, thirties and forties. Type III was found high ratio in all ages. 5. In all patients, right TMJ with disorder 37%, left TMJ with disorder 34%, bilateral TMJ with disorder 29%. There were no difference between right and left. 6. As can be seen from the above, young individuals with CMDs were clearly high ratio and many CMDs were diagnosed Type III through all the ages. Therefore, the results of our study suggest that young CMDs patients could be increasing gradually and complicating a pathological state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of protocol for the craniomandibular disorders. 3. Questionnaire for the craniomandibular disorders].

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effectiveness of questionnaire which is included in the protocol designed for screening the patients with extensive pathological states of craniomandibular disorders. 100 patients, with their ages ranging from 11 to 77 years old, were selected for the study and they were classified under various disorder classification which is based on the criteria of Japanese society for Temporomandibular Joint. Statistical analysis was performed to find the relationship between the different pathological states and the results of the questionnaire. The following results were obtained: 1. The ratio of appearance on TMJ pain was as follows: Type I (100%), Type II (0%), Type III (43.8-75.0%) and Type IV (75.0%). 2. The ratio of appearance on TMJ pain on chewing was as follows: Type I (50.0%), Type II (100%), Type III (20.0-100%) and type IV (37.5%). 3. The ratio of appearance on TMJ pain on maximum opening was as follows: Type I (100%), Type II (100%), Type III (50.0-100%) and Type IV (75.0%). 4. The ratio of appearance on TMJ noise was as follows: Type I (0%), Type II (0%), Type III (40.9-81.3%) and Type IV (50.0%). 5. The ratio of appearance on the fatigue by mastication was as follows: Type I (0%), Type II (50.0%), Type III (40.0-100%) and Type IV (75.0%). 6. The ratio of appearance on bruxism was as follows: Type I (0%), Type II (0%), Type III (10.4-40.0%) and Type IV (25.0%). 7. The ratio of appearance on the stiff of jaw on awakening was as follows: Type I (50.0%), Type II (0%), Type III (20.8-70.0%) and Type IV (37.5%). 8. The ratio of appearance on the unilateral chewing was as follows: Type I (50.0%), Type II (0%), Type III (20.0-50.0%) and Type IV (62.5%). 9. There were significances among those types about each items on the questionnaire, it can be suggested that the questionnaire for screening about craniomandibular disorders was effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical Evaluation of protocol for the craniomandibular disorders. 1. Protocol of our department].

Craniomandibular disorders are conditions encompassing various types of dysfunction of the stomatognathic system. To define the very nature of morbidity, both differential and pathological diagnosis are absolutely necessary. At present, each medical institution in this country has its own protocol for evaluating and treating craniomandibular disorders. This makes it difficult to exchange and compare data between institutions. In this paper, a protocol worked out by our department after a series of clinical tests and study is presented, and its merits and unresolved problems are discussed.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[Intracranial hematoma associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): case report].

The authors report a case of intracranial hematoma associated with AIDS. A male aged 21 had been treated with infusion of factor VIII to control hemophilia A. He fell down and hit his right occipital region. Immediately after the impact, he became comatose. When he was hospitalized 30 minutes after the injury, a herniation sign was recognized. CT scan revealed right acute subdural hematoma that showed mixed density. This hematoma was successfully removed with HITT (hematoma irrigation with trephination therapy) and he recovered almost completely. However he died when the intracerebral hematoma bled suddenly on the 20th day after surgery. We assumed the hematoma was related to vasculitis induced by AIDS. Three points in this case impressed us. First, HITT is very useful for treating acute subdural hematoma associated with AIDS. Second, the patient's condition may deteriorate suddenly through intracerebral hematoma originating from AIDS-related vasculitis, although the coagulation factors are well maintained. Third, a manual for management of cases of AIDS is necessary to avoid confusion among the medical staff.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Effect of CS-514, a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, on cholesterol gallstone formation in hamsters.

Male golden hamsters fed a glucose diet as a model for cholesterol gallstone formation were used to investigate the effect of CS-514 on the lithogenicity of bile. Treatment with 0.05% (w/w) CS-514 in the diet for 1-4 weeks caused a decrease in plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. A marked increase in hepatic hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity in vitro and also an increased de novo cholesterol synthesis in the liver were induced by treatment with CS-514 for 1-4 weeks. The concentration of free cholesterol in liver microsomes and the cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity were both decreased by treatment with CS-514 for 1 week, but were not affected by treatment for 4 weeks. The cholesterol output into bile and the lithogenic index of bile were double those of the control (glucose diet only) following treatment with CS-514 for 4 weeks, and the subsequent incidence of cholesterol gallstone formation was elevated. The content of free cholesterol and cholesterol ester in the liver was not affected by treatment with CS-514 for 4 weeks. These results suggest that long-term treatment with CS-514 causes a compensatory increase in the synthesis of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase which leads to augmented hepatic de novo cholesterol synthesis and subsequent increased cholesterol output followed by an increase in the lithogenicity of bile. CS-514 apparently does not prevent cholesterol gallstone formation in those examples where the mechanism is thought to be due to augmented hepatic de novo cholesterol synthesis (type IV hyperlipidemia).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of complete rupture of the righ TMJ disc].

A case of complete rupture of the right TMJ disc was described. A 43 year old woman visited our hospital with the chief complaint of a mild pain in the right TMJ. Initially, a conservative treatment using the occlusal splint (condylar repositioning appliance) was carried out. This was because she had reciprocal clicking of the right TMJ which had occurred not long before and it seemed that the symptoms were due to the trouble with the disc. In spite of this treatment, for 6 months no improvement was obtained and the reciprocal clicking changed into crepitation. Moreover the double contrast arthrotomographic image indicated a perforation or a wide rupture of the disc, and deformities of the articular bone. Then a right TMJ osteoarthrosis with wide (complete) disc rupture was diagnosed, and a discectomy was performed. The symptoms were greatly reduced by this treatment. It was conceivable that the steroid which she had used for a long time to treat bronchial asthma caused a remarkable inhibition of the tissue repairing, and an internal derangement of the TMJ rapidly progressed to osteoarthrosis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1986

Metabolic changes in lipids of rat plasma and hepatocytes induced by 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol treatment.

Cultured hepatocytes isolated from livers of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol-treated rats were used to investigate the change of lipid metabolism induced by administration of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol. Treatment with 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol caused a decrease of rat plasma lipids (free cholesterol, cholesterol ester, triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine). No difference in the ability of urea nitrogen synthesis could be demonstrated between cultured hepatocytes isolated from livers of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol-treated rats and propylene glycol-treated rats (control). Total cholesterol and cholesterol ester contents of cultured hepatocytes isolated from livers of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol-treated rats were increased in comparison with those of the control. Triacylglycerol content of cultured hepatocytes was not affected by 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol treatment. There was no difference in the composition of lipid content between liver tissues and cultured hepatocytes. These results suggest that hepatocytes isolated from livers maintain the character of livers treated with 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol or livers treated with propylene glycol. Free cholesterol and cholesterol ester synthesis from [14C]acetic acid by cultured hepatocytes isolated from livers of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol-treated rats were decreased to about 30% of the control. Triacylglycerol and polar lipid (phospholipid) synthesis from [14C]acetic acid were not affected by 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol treatment. Microsomal hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity of rat liver treated with 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol was decreased to about 50% of control. The secretions of free cholesterol, cholesterol ester, triacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, apolipoprotein BL and BS by cultured hepatocytes isolated from livers of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol treated rats were not decreased when compared with the control. Because lipid and apolipoprotein secretions from cultured hepatocytes treated with 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol were not decreased and cholesterol contents of liver tissues and cultured hepatocytes treated with 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol were increased and hepatic microsomal hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity was decreased by 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol treatment, it is suggested that the liver plays an important role in hypolipidemia induced by 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol by increasing the plasma lipid uptake mediated by an increased amount of lipoprotein receptors of liver membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase from Alcaligenes faecalis T1.

The extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase purified from Alcaligenes faecalis T1 has two disulfide bonds, one of which appears to be necessary for the full enzyme activity. This depolymerase hydrolyzed not only hydrophobic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) but also water-soluble trimer and larger oligomers of D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate, regardless of their solubilities in water. Kinetic analyses with oligomers of various sizes indicated that the substrate cleaving site of the enzyme consisted of four subsites with individual affinities for monomer units of the substrate. Analyses of the hydrolytic products of oligomers, which had labeled D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate at the hydroxy terminus, showed that the enzyme cleaved only the second ester linkage from the hydroxy terminus of the trimer and tetramer, and acted as an endo-type hydrolase toward the pentamer and higher oligomers. The enzyme appeared to have a hydrophobic site which interacted with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and determined the affinity of the enzyme toward the hydrophobic substrate.

Alcaligenes↗