Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Koga

Publications and source records attributed to K Koga.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Open heart surgery of a patient with Basedow's disease: a case report].

A case of open heart surgery of Basedow's disease was presented. A 46-year-old female was admitted for mitral regurgitation with heart failure. She suffered from Basedow's disease ten years ago, and was treated with MMI. With this treatment, her thyroid function became normal and did well over the last four years. When open heart surgery (MVR) was performed, examination of her thyroid gland revealed mild hypothyroidism, and the operation could be performed without any thyroidal trouble. We conclude, in case of heart disease with Basedow's disease, the operation can be performed without any thyroidal trouble if the thyroid function is controlled well to euthyroid for a long term. Euthyroid condition lasted 4 years in this case.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of arterial ketone body ratio (ACAC/beta-OHCS) during hepatectomy].

The changes in arterial ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutyrate) were investigated in 7 patients undergoing hepatectomy under epidural anesthesia with nitrous oxide and oxygen. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, glucagon, lactate, pyruvate and non-esterified free fatty acid (NEFA) were measured during the operation. The plasma level of insulin activity increased significantly during surgery. The secretory capability of insulin against glucose load was relatively preserved. Arterial ketone body ratio also increased during the operation. The plasma insulin activity was positively correlated significantly with the arterial ketone body ratio (Y = 0.98 + 0.76X; r = 0.76). Both lactate and pyruvate increased significantly during surgery. No remarkable changes of L/P ratio reflecting the redox state in cytoplasma were found in both groups. Our results suggest that the quantity of glucose load and insulin activity should be considered when arterial ketone body ratio is measured during the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

An evaluation of the agar plate method for the detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in northern Thailand.

An examination of the stools from school-children in northern Thailand was performed in order to compare the efficacy of a new method--the agar plate method--for the detection of Strongyloides stercoralis with traditional methods. Twenty-three positive specimens (15.5%) from a total of 148 specimens were detected as follows: 18 cases by the agar plate method, 13 cases by direct stool smear, 11 cases by filter paper culture, and four cases by the formalin-ether method (MGL). On the basis of the above results, the agar plate method appeared to be more efficient than traditional methods for detecting Strongyloides in human stool samples. Other positive factors in its favour were ease of manipulation and low cost. There were some problems with using this method. Five cases shown to be positive by traditional methods were negative in the agar plate method, and it was necessary to discriminate Strongyloides microscopically from other similar nematode larvae, especially in an area, such as northern Thailand, with a high prevalence of hookworms.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Flow of egg white ovalbumin into the yolk sac during embryogenesis.

Western blot analyses of yolk proteins of the White Leghorn hens showed that an ovalbumin-like molecule was included in day 16 eggs but not in the ovarian follicles, and very little in newly deposited eggs. Northern hybridization, as well as in vitro translation, of poly(A)+ RNAs prepared from the yolk sac membranes of developing embryos gave no signal for ovalbumin messages. These results imply that the present ovalbumin-like protein of yolk has its origin in egg white, not being a de novo synthesis product in the yolk sac membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Human leukocyte antigen in childhood unilateral deafness.

Human leukocyte antigen frequencies were examined in 40 Japanese patients with severe unilateral sensorineural hearing loss found in childhood. Human leukocyte antigen-Bw54 was significantly increased in frequency. No statistically significant deviation in the Bw54 frequency was observed among several possible subgroups studied. Although this group of patients may have various causes, and underlying mechanism is still unclear, this preliminary study suggests that childhood unilateral deafness may be associated with a genetically determined factor(s).

Child↗
PubMed1989

Glucan-binding domain of a glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus sobrinus: isolation of a 55-kilodalton peptide from a trypsin digest of glucosyltransferase prebound to insoluble glucan.

We isolated a glucan-binding domain of water-insoluble glucan synthase (GTF-I) of Streptococcus sobrinus B13. Mild trypsin digestion of GTF-I bound to a water-insoluble glucan (IG) produced one predominant large fragment (55 kilodaltons). The fragment was easily recovered in IG precipitate. The isolated fragment had the same degree of affinity to IG as did the native GTF-I but no glucan synthesis activity. By the same method, a similar 55-kilodalton fragment was protected for GTF-Sd but not for GTF-Si. Immunological comparisons using specific antisera against the purified glucan-binding fragment of GTF-I from strain B13 indicated that GTF-I and GTF-S have a distinct glucan-binding domain.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

Biomimetic studies using artificial systems. IV. Biomimetic peptide synthesis by using multifunctionalized crown ethers as a novel enzyme model. A new concept in mimicking of enzyme-catalyzed bond-forming reactions.

A novel approach to the mimicking of enzyme-catalyzed bond-forming reactions has been examined using multifunctionalized chiral crown ethers. In addition to the 18-crown-6 moiety as a binding site, the host have one thiol and one thio ester with an N-protected alpha-amino acid or a peptide, and have successfully achieved peptide synthesis in an enzyme-mimetic reaction mode. This new method involves the following three key reactions. (1) Intra-complex thiolysis: the host carries out the rapid intra-complex thiolysis of alpha-amino acid ester salts to form the dithioester, corresponding to the assembly of two guests by the host. (2) Amide formation: intramolecular aminolysis occurs between the bound guests to form the amide bond. (3) Peptide chain elongation: as the thiol reactive group is regenerated, the above two reactions are repeated to elongate the peptide chain. Formal turnover of the enzyme model has been demonstrated by the synthesis of a tetrapeptide derivative by the repetition of the above processes.

Catalysis↗
PubMed1989

Choroidal epithelial cyst in the cerebellopontine angle associated with trigeminal neuralgia--case report.

The authors describe the case of a 37-year-old female with a symptomatic epithelial cyst in the cerebellopontine angle, which is extremely rare. The cyst caused trigeminal neuralgia, which completely disappeared following its removal. The histological diagnosis was choroidal epithelial fluid-filled cyst. The wall of the cyst consisted of a single layer of epithelial cells with microvilli and a basement membrane.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Changes in levels of mucosal glycoprotein on cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers in rats.

Duodenal ulcers were induced in rats by cysteamine administration. Time-course changes in duodenal hexosamine, blood flow and intragastric pH were measured, as well as changes in the susceptibility of Brunner's glands to concanavalin A (Con A) staining. Hexosamine contents in the duodenum decreased significantly at 5 and 24 h. In the control group, Brunner's glands were stained brown using Con A staining. One day after cysteamine administration, the extent of Con A staining markedly decreased. At 3 and 7 days, gland susceptibility to staining was essentially the same as that of the control group.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of subglottic stenosis in children--laryngotracheal plastic surgery with autogenous costal cartilage graft].

We performed laryngotracheal plastic surgery by transplantation of autogenous costal cartilage graft in 9 cases of subglottic stenosis (2 with congenital type and 7 with acquired type). Of 9 cases, 3 cases had the lesion after long-term intubation, 2 cases after tracheotomy and 2 cases after laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis. Five cases aged one year and the remaining 4 cases 2 years, 3 years, 4 years and 6 years old, respectively. We could successfully decannulate in all the 9 cases after our plastic surgery. The period from surgical treatment to decannulation varied from 9 days to 6 months. However, 8 cases were decannulated in 2 months after surgery. Cotton et al (1978) did not use any stents in their treatment for subglottic stenosis, but we did in all of our cases. We preferred stents of the silicone Y-tube, and the recommendable duration of cannulation is 4 weeks.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1989

[Radiotherapy in bone metastases--with special reference to its effect on relieving pain].

Between December 1986 and January 1978, 68 patients with bone metastases were analyzed to evaluate the effect of radiation for the relief of pain. The 68 patients, who had a total of 97 lesions, complained of pain caused by their bone metastasis. The good, fair, and poor responses were found to be 18%, 60%, and 22%, respectively. With reference to the primary neoplasms, the effective response rate was 73% in lung cancer, 100% in breast cancer, 75% in gastric cancer, 100% in hepatic cancer, 100% in bladder cancer, 25% in epipharyngeal cancer, and 70% in the other neoplasms. Depending on the cell types of the lung cancer, the effective response rate was 80% for small cell carcinomas, 72% for adenocarcinomas and 40% for squamous cell carcinomas. Our results suggest that radiotherapy for bone metastases is to be recommended, since the effective response rate was 78% for the relief of pain.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[A case of radiation myelitis following radiotherapy in lung cancer].

A case of radiation myelitis developed 1 year and 5 months after radiotherapy for lung cancer is reported. A 75-years old male was given a dose of 70 Gy to the tumor with a fraction dose of 2 Gy, 5 times per week. He developed the weakness and disturbance of sense in bilateral lower extremities, which gradually worsened in spite of a variety of treatment. Some discussions on tolerance dose, fraction dose and fraction number are made as well as technique of irradiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the 1987 revised ARA criteria for rheumatoid arthritis in Japan].

Three hundred and sixty two Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 455 patients with other rheumatic diseases (SLE 233, PSS 63, MCTD 51, PM-DM 41 Behcet's disease 33 and OA 33) were examined for the evaluation of the 1987 revised ARA criteria for RA. In our cases sensitivity was slightly decreased and specificity was markedly increased 5 out of 7 criterions compared with the results reported by ARA. In the investigation how many number of criterions at least which the patients with RA should satisfy, 4 out of 7 criterions in the 1987 criteria turned out the highest figure in the accuracy (the mean of sensitivity and specificity values). So the patients who satisfied at least 4 criterions were classified to have RA. Sensitivity of the 1987 criteria decreased to 90% although that of the 1958 ARA criteria was 93%. Specificity were markedly increased from 88% to 95% (the 1958 and 1987 criteria, respectively). These results might be based on the revision of the duration of "morning stiffness" (lasting at least 1 hour) and on the deletion of "joint pain or tenderness" which was relatively less specific for RA.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

A measurement of cerebral glucose uptake rate by 31P MRS.

A method for the measurement of cerebral glucose uptake rate by in vivo 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is proposed. The initial rate of 2-deoxy-glucose (DG) uptake after DG administration is measured by the increase of 2-deoxy-glucose-6-phosphate (DG6P) signal at a chemical shift of 7.2 ppm with respect to phosphocreatine (PCr). The values for four different metabolic states of rat brain (two levels of epileptic seizures induced by bicuculline, nitrous oxide analgesia and pentobarbital anesthesia) were in good agreement with the previously reported ones by radioisotope methods. This method appears to be useful for measuring cerebral glucose uptake rate.

Analgesia↗