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Biomedical subjects

K Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to K Kodama.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty using kissing balloon technique in the left main trunk.

This report describes the feasibility of the kissing balloon technique in the left main trunk in selected patients who had stenosis in the left main trunk involving bifurcation of the anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery and who also had enough blood flow to distal coronary to prevent left ventricular dysfunction during balloon occlusion or abrupt re-closure in the left main.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Clinical assessment of specific enzyme immunoassay for the human cardiac myosin light chain II (MLC II) with use of monoclonal antibodies.

A highly specific enzyme-linked "sandwich" immunoassay was developed for determining cardiac myosin light chain II (MLC II) in serum by using an anticardiac MLC II monoclonal antibody and a solid phase consisting of glass rods coated with another monoclonal antibody. We can detect as little as 0.2 ng of cardiac MLC II per assay. The measurable range of cardiac MLC II concentration in serum is 1 to 30 micrograms/L. The assay demonstrated no cross-reactivity with a skeletal muscle MLC within the measurable range. The mean coefficients of variation were 6.1% within assay and 5.1% between assay. The concentration of cardiac MLC II in sera from healthy subjects ranged from 0 to 4.0 micrograms/L (mean 0.75 micrograms/L and median 0 micrograms/L). The concentrations of cardiac MLC II in serum of patients with skeletal muscle disease due to various causes (n = 15) and patients with effort angina (n = 25), in general, were not significantly elevated above normal. In all patients with myocardial infarction, the concentrations of cardiac MLC II were over 4.0 micrograms/L at 12 h after onset. The mean (+/- 1 SD) peak concentration of cardiac MLC II was 16.2 (+/- 4.4) micrograms/L at 90 h (mean) after onset. On the 5th day, the cardiac MLC II concentrations in all patients with myocardial infarction were significantly elevated above normal; none showed abnormal MB-creatine kinase (CK-MB) activity at this time. Thus, the measurement of cardiac MLC II concentration in serum may be useful to provide a specific and sensitive diagnosis of myocardial necrosis at any time period following myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The range of albumin concentrations in the single-void first morning urine of 1090 healthy young children.

To predict microalbuminuria easily in the diabetic outpatient clinic, we determined the range of albumin concentrations in the single-void first morning urine in 1090 healthy subjects of age 6-11 by the modified turbidimetry immunoassay (TIA) method, which uses 96-well microplates and a microplate reader to perform the assay quickly and conveniently. As the correlation coefficient of albumin concentration by the TIA uncorrected for creatinine versus corrected for creatinine was r = 0.79 (P less than 0.005), the values uncorrected for creatinine were used. When the distribution of values from 1090 healthy young children was simulated by using the chi-square test (k = 1), the 95% confidence interval was 0-18 micrograms/ml.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1990

Human DNA ligase I cDNA: cloning and functional expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Human cDNA clones encoding the major DNA ligase activity in proliferating cells, DNA ligase I, were isolated by two independent methods. In one approach, a human cDNA library was screened by hybridization with oligonucleotides deduced from partial amino acid sequence of purified bovine DNA ligase I. In an alternative approach, a human cDNA library was screened for functional expression of a polypeptide able to complement a cdc9 temperature-sensitive DNA ligase mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The sequence of an apparently full-length cDNA encodes a 102-kDa protein, indistinguishable in size from authentic human DNA ligase I. The deduced amino acid sequence of the human DNA ligase I cDNA is 40% homologous to the smaller DNA ligases of S. cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, homology being confined to the carboxyl-terminal regions of the respective proteins. Hybridization between the cloned sequences and mRNA and genomic DNA indicates that the human enzyme is transcribed from a single-copy gene on chromosome 19.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[The causative agent from a patient with spotted fever group rickettsiosis in Japan on Awaji Island, Hyogo].

Misaka strain was isolated as the causative agent from a patient with spotted fever group rickettsiosis in Japan by using nude mice on Awaji Island, Hyogo in September 1988. The nude mice infected with the isolate showed weakness and splenomegaly and died in two or three weeks after the infection. The cyclophosphamide-treated mice infected with the isolate died between four and seven days after the infection. The infected normal mice recovered and acquired immunity. The infected adult male guinea pigs were feverish and showed swelling and redness of the scrotum between two and eight days after the infection, and recovered. The Misaka strain was propagated well in Vero cells in tissue culture. The rickettsial particles were seen as diplobacillary and diplococcal forms growing predominantly in the cytoplasm and occasionally in the nucleus of infected cells. The serological characteristics of the Misaka strain were analyzed by the cross-immunofluorescent antibody method. The Misaka strain, the Katayama strain first isolated in Tokushima in 1987, and the representative strains of spotted fever group rickettsiae in the world; R. rickettsii Smith, R. sibirica 246, R. conorii Moroccan, R. akari MK (Kaplan), R. australis Phillips, R. montana Tick and Thai TT-118 strains were used as antigens. And immune mouse serum samples against the Misaka, Katayama, 246, Phillips and TT-118 strains were used as antisera. The result revealed that these strains showed cross-reaction and share a common antigen of spotted fever group rickettsiae. Furthermore, it became obvious that the Misaka strain and the Katayama strain have the same serotype-specific antigen different from the strains of other spotted fever group rickettsiae using Anti-Katayama monoclonal antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Spotted fever group rickettsiosis on Awaji Island, Japan].

Three cases of spotted fever group rickettsiosis occurring on Awaji Island, Hyogo Prefecture, the first reported in the Kinki District, are described. The illness appeared from August to September in 1988. High-grade fever and papular erythema were observed in all cases. Eschar, lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly were observed in two-thirds of the cases, respectively. The antibody titers for Proteus OX-2 by the Weil-Felix reaction were elevated, and immunofluorescence test with R. rickettsii of the spotted fever group demonstrated a significant rise in specific antibody titer. Tetracycline was effective in all cases. Every patient was thought to have been infected with rickettsiae in the Yuzuruha mountain range in the southern part of Awaji Island. On the other hand, tsutsugamushi disease occurs in autumn and winter in the northern part of Awaji Island. It would be of considerable interest from an epidemiological viewpoint to study the vector of these spotted fever group rickettsiae.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of cardiac tissue from two-dimensional echocardiogram: analysis of gray level and its distribution.

Two-dimensional echocardiograms of parasternal long-axis view were recorded and the mean echo intensity and its distribution in the interventricular septum were examined for the purpose of inferring myocardial tissue. Six healthy subjects (N), 29 with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and 12 with old anteroseptal myocardial infarctions (MI) were used in the study. Settings for gain control were adjusted in the constant manner. Data were recorded on a Video tape recorder, with analog data converted to digital signals, subjected to a low-pass filtering, and then analyzed by a Computer tomography image processor. The region of interest was set within the interventricular septum, and a mean relative echo intensity and its histogram (number of pixels showing different echo intensity) was evaluated. The histogram patterns were examined and the parameter for skewness, which shows asymmetrical characteristics, and the parameter for kurtosis, which shows degree of peakedness of distribution, were calculated. Relative echo intensity was found to increase in the order MI greater than LVH greater than N. Histograms showed the majority of pixels were concentrated at the low echo intensity level in the normal group, while pixels were distributed in a relatively gentle slope around the mean value in the LVH group. Many pixels were in the high intensity levels in the MI group, although the rest were dispersed throughout various intensities including low level. The differences are thought to be related to the extent and density of fibrosis. Analysis of two-dimensional echocardiographic echo intensity and distribution may be useful in characterizing myocardial tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Trend of coronary heart disease and its relationship to risk factors in a Japanese population: a 26-year follow-up, Hiroshima/Nagasaki study.

The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) was determined from a 26-year follow-up study of a fixed population of 19,961 subjects. The study also examined secular trends and relationship to risk factors. The age-adjusted incidence of myocardial infarction was found to have remained almost constant during this 26-year follow-up period, averaging 2.1/1,000 person-years in men and 0.79/1,000 person-years in women. An accurate trend of angina pectoris was difficult to evaluate in this study. Both age and elevated systolic blood pressure were confirmed to be important and independent risk factors. The risk of developing CHD was found to increase linearly with respect to systolic blood pressure. An increased risk was also observed in subjects with diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg or higher. Serum cholesterol and cigarette smoking were additional independent risk factors, indicating that the so-called three major risk factors for CHD were all confirmed in this Japanese population of both men and women.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty--a histopathological study using autopsied hearts.

Restenosis was studied histopathologically by serial step sectioning of 22 coronary arteries from 21 patients in whom percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) had been performed (9 arteries from patients who had died shortly after PTCA and 13 from those who had died considerably later). Nine of the 13 arteries from the patients who had died long after PTCA were immunohistochemically stained using anti-actin antibody for examination of spindle-shaped cells proliferating in the intima. In the patients who had died shortly after PTCA, all 9 arteries showed fresh thrombus formation. In the patients who had died considerably later after PTCA, however, there was fragmentation of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) in 9 arteries. In each of these 9 arteries, a remarkable proliferation of intimal cells was observed on the intimal side, mainly at the site of the IEL fragmentation. These spindle-shaped cells were identified as smooth muscle cells (SMC) because they stained reddish-brown with Masson's trichrome, and because immunohistochemical staining with anti-actin antibody was also positive. In 2 arteries, proliferation of SMC and elastic fibers was observed on the luminal side of the intima, despite absence of fragmentation in the IEL. Proliferation of SMC in false lumens was identified in 2 patients with medial dissection. From the above findings, the following 4 forms of restenosis after PTCA have been identified: 1. thrombus formation; 2. proliferation of SMC on the intimal side, mainly around fragmentation in the IEL; 3. proliferation of SMC on the luminal side of the intima where there was no fragmentation of the IEL; and 4. proliferation of SMC in dissected false lumen. The proliferation of SMC on the intimal side of the disrupted IEL was thought to have been a result of migration of SMC from the media to the intima, because SMC proliferation was seen around the disrupted region.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Protective effect of S-adenosyl-L-methionine against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in cultured hepatocytes.

Effect of S-adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate salt (SAMe-ST) and L-methionine (L-Met) on primary cultured rat hepatocytes were studied. In cultured hepatocytes treated with CCl4, SAMe-ST and L-Met suppressed the decrease in urea-nitrogen secretion as well as the leakages of GOT and GPT. The membrane-protective action of these two compounds was verified by the histological data. Failure of SAMe-ST to counteract CCl4-induced reduction of radioactive leucine incorporation into the trichloroacetic acid-insoluble materials in hepatocytes indicates that the observed effects of SAMe-ST or L-Met do not involve acceleration of protein synthesis. The present results indicate that SAMe-ST remarkably protects hepatocytes from CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity, probably by either changing the structure or compositions of membrane phospholipids or by modifying the interaction of CCl4 with the intracellular drug-metabolizing enzyme systems.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1990

Protective effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine against enzyme leakage from cultured hepatocytes and hypotonic hemolysis.

Effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate tosylate salt (SAMe-ST) and L-methionine (L-Met) on rat erythrocytes and primary cultured hepatocytes were studied. SAMe-ST in concentrations of 0.2 to 5.0 mg/ml protected erythrocytes from hypotonic hemolysis. Almost an identical level of protection was provided by SAMe chloride, suggesting that this protective effect is due to the SAMe moiety itself but not its sulfate or tosylate moiety. L-Met also showed a slight protective effect, but at higher concentrations, it slightly enhanced hemolysis. When the cultured hepatocytes were treated with SAMe-ST, the leakage of enzymes from the hepatocytes were significantly decreased compared with that in the control. L-Met also showed similar protective effects, but to a lesser degree than in the case of SAMe-ST. SAMe-ST significantly increased Na+.K(+)-ATPase activity. The present results indicate that SAMe remarkably inhibits hypotonic hemolysis and enzyme leakage from cultured hepatocytes and that its mechanism is probably related to a change in the membrane property.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1990

Multiplication of attenuated and virulent porcine parvoviruses in colostrum-deprived, neonatal pigs.

Colostrum-deprived, neonatal, 2 days old pigs were inoculated with the attenuated HT-/SK or the virulent 90HS strain of porcine parvovirus (PPV) by the oral or subcutaneous route and sacrificed 2, 4 or 6 days after inoculation. Then, comparison was made on viral multiplication in pigs between the two strains. Pigs inoculated with the HT-/SK strain showed no detectable viremia or HI antibody responses against PPV within 6 days after inoculation. Only in pigs inoculated by the subcutaneous route, a small amount of virus was recovered from the spleen, liver, or mesenteric lymph nodes. These viruses were distinguished from the parental virulent 90HS strain, as examined for rct maker in vitro. When pigs were inoculated with the virulent 90HS strain, viremia appeared in all of them 1 day after inoculation and continued for up to the sacrificed day. Moreover, a considerable amount of virus was also detected from all tissues, including brain, lung, liver, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, and lymph node tissues, in all pigs tested. HI antibodies were first detected 6 days after inoculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Establishment of an attenuated strain of bovine respiratory syncytial virus for live virus vaccine.

To develop a live virus vaccine for the prevention of bovine respiratory syncytial (BRS) virus infection in calves, an attempt was made to produce an attenuated virus. The RS-52 strain of BRS virus, isolated from the nasal secretions of a naturally infected calf, was subjected to serial passages in adult hamster lung established (HAL) cells at 30 degrees C and the attenuated rs-52 strain as a live virus vaccine was established. The rs-52 strain multiplied better at 30 degrees C than at 34 or 37 degrees C in HAL cells. The differences in the highest virus titers of this strain between the culture temperature of 30 degrees C and that of 34 or 37 degrees C were more than 2.25 log TCID50. Colostrum-deprived newborn calves and 2 approximately 4 months old calves inoculated with the rs-52 strain manifested no abnormal clinical sings at all. However, all inoculated calves produced serum neutralization antibody. When the colostrum-deprived newborn calves immunized with the rs-52 strain were challenged with the virulent NMK7 strain of BRS virus, they exhibited no pyrexia or other abnormal clinical signs at all. An attempt was made to recover the virus from nasal secretions of these calves, but in vain. On the other hand, a nonimmunized control colostrum-deprived newborn calf developed slight fever, mild cough, and slight serous nasal discharge after challenge exposure. The virus was recovered from nasal secretions of this calf. From these results, it was considered that the rs-52 strain could be used as an attenuated live virus vaccine for prevention of BRS virus infection.

Animals↗