Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to K Kodama.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Mitral prosthetic valve replaced twice due to repeated prosthetic valve endocarditis: a case report].

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for detailed examination of fever, cough and yellow sputum. At the age of 32, be had mitral prosthesis for the first time, because of mitral regurgitation due to mitral valve prolapse. Four years previously, he had again undergone mitral prosthetic valve replacement due to prosthetic valve endocarditis due to staphylococcus epidemidis. This occasion, staphylococcus aureus was isolated by arterial blood culture. Transesophageal echocardiography detected vegetation attached to the mitral prosthetic valve and paravalvular leakage. The diagnosis was prosthetic valve endocarditis. He underwent a third mitral prosthetic valve replacement. Detection of the source of infection was difficult only by transthoracic echocardiography, and immediate transesophageal echocardiography seemed mandatory to diagnose bacterial endocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Beneficial effects of long-term enalapril treatment and low-salt intake on survival rate of dahl salt-sensitive rats with established hypertension.

We investigated the effects of long-term treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril and low-salt intake on the survival rate of Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high-salt (6.0% NaCl) diet. The systolic blood pressure of the rats increased gradually from 5 weeks of age and reached >240 mm Hg at 12 weeks of age. At this point, a low-salt diet group received a placebo (group 1, n = 10), and the high-salt diet group was divided into three groups: those given a placebo with the high-salt diet (group 2, n = 15), those given a chow change from a high- to a low-salt diet with a placebo (group 3, n = 14) and those given enalapril (30 mg/kg/day p.o., group 4, n = 14). At 19 weeks of age, all rats in group 1 were alive, and the survival rate of group 2 was only 40% (P < .001 vs. group 1). The survival rates of both groups 3 and 4 were significantly better: 86% (P < .01 vs. group 2) and 93% (P < .01), respectively. This beneficial effect on mortality was accompanied by an amelioration of the elevated plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen levels and a decrease in the glomerular sclerosis lesion scores in both groups. These results suggested that a high-salt content diet and the renin-angiotensin system are deterioration factors in lethal renal damage and the limitation of the diet salt content and inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system are important to improve the survival rate in high-salt-loaded hypertensive Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1997

[Sézary syndrome with two lymphocyte subpopulations expressing either CD4+/CD8- or CD4-/CD8+].

A 61-year-old man was admitted in March 1996 complaining of erythroderma, and Sézary syndrome was diagnosed. The leukocyte count was 33,590/microliter with 70.9% abnormal lymphocytes expressing two different types of antigenicity, either CD4+/CD8- (44.5%) or CD4-/CD8+ (48.9%). Clonal T-cell receptor beta rearrangement was not found on Southern blot analysis. He suffered repeated sepsis dueto methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Combination chemotherapy was not effective for erythroderma and organomegaly, and deoxycoformycin revealed a transient effect. He died of MRSA enterocolitis in July 1996.

CD4 Antigens↗
PubMed1997

[Studies on the foramen vesalius in the Japanese juvenile and adult skulls].

Foramen Vesalius is known to be an inconstant foramen, which appears in the anteriomedial side of the foramen ovale. The foramen Vesalius is classified into the open type and the closed type. We studied the frequencies and the types of foramen Vesalius in Japanese by examining 20 juvenile skulls from 3 months to 8 years old and 400 adult skulls from 18 to 91 years old. Of the 20 juvenile skulls, 11 skulls (55.00%) had foramen Vesalius. Of the 400 adult skulls, 87 skulls (21.75%) had foramen Vesalius; 69 (21.50%) in 321 male and 18 (22.78%) in 79 female skulls. No remarkable differences were observed in the ratio between the male and the female, and between the left side and the right side. Among the 69 adult male skulls, the foramen Vesalius was bilateral in 52 skulls (75.36%) and unilateral in 17 (24.64%); among the 18 adult female skulls, it was bilateral in 13 (72.22%) and unilateral in 5 (27.78%). The ratio of the closed type was slightly higher than that of the open type in both sexes and in both sides; however, no remarkable differences were observed. The skulls with one foramen Vesalius were most frequent; those with two followed it and those with 3 foramen Vesalius were least frequent. No remarkable differences were observed in the number of foramen Vesalius between the sexes and the sides.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Expression, regulation and polymorphism of the mxi1 genes.

The myc proto-oncogene family plays an important role in the control of cellular growth and differentiation. Mxi1, one of the Max-associated proteins, has been known to have an antagonistic action on Myc activity. The mxi1 mRNA increased during growth inhibition and differentiation, and decreased with serum stimulation in mammal cell lines. We have also found an AAAAC polymorphic repeat in the 3' non-coding region of the human mxi1 cDNAs and a difference between the mxi1 mRNA half-lives in some different cell lines.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Elevation of the plasma histamine concentration in the coronary circulation in patients with variant angina.

In the present study plasma histamine was found to be elevated in the great cardiac vein in 8 of 11 patients with variant angina but in none of 8 control patients. Although further investigation is required to determine the exact cause-and-effect relation between histamine release and provocation of spontaneous variant anginal attacks, the present study presents clinical evidence that histamine may well be related to episodes of variant angina as suggested in animal studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Novel biochemical diagnostic method for aortic dissection. Results of a prospective study using an immunoassay of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain.

BACKGROUND: Aortic dissection is one of the most common aortic catastrophes. Although newer diagnostic methods as exemplified by image diagnostic techniques have greatly improved the diagnosis of aortic dissection, the diagnosis is still frequently missed today because the signs and symptoms of the disease are at times obscure. A reliable biochemical diagnostic method for aortic dissection would be beneficial. METHODS AND RESULTS: A novel biochemical diagnostic method for diagnosis of aortic dissection was developed that uses an immunoassay of monoclonal antibodies to smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. A prospective study was conducted to ascertain the usefulness of the method in the diagnosis of aortic dissection. Twenty-seven patients with aortic dissection admitted within the first 24 hours after onset were enrolled. Serial assay of serum smooth muscle myosin heavy chain showed significant elevations within the first 24 hours after onset of aortic dissection, with levels exceeding 10 ng/mL, with subsequent rapid reductions. The sensitivity of the assay within the first 12 hours was 90% with a specificity of 97%. Analysis of 65 patients with acute myocardial infarction showed that the method could accurately differentiate myocardial infarction from aortic dissection. CONCLUSIONS: The immunoassay of serum smooth muscle myosin heavy chain is a rapid and reliable biochemical method in the diagnosis of aortic dissection. The potential use of the method in clinical medicine is promising.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Ectopic primary pleural thymoma: report of a case.

We herein report an 83-year-old man who presented with a pleural tumor in the right thorax. The tumor was surgically resected and histopathologically diagnosed as ectopic primary pleural thymoma lacking any evidence of a mediastinal tumor. The clinicopathological aspects of this unusual thymoma are also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Emergency cardiopulmonary bypass support in patients with severe cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction.

A total of 16 patients who developed severe cardiogenic shock were resuscitated with a percutaneous cardiopulmonary support system (PCPS). The etiology of shock was acute myocardial infarction (n = 7), or post-infarction left-ventricular (LV) free wall rupture (n = 9). After successful resuscitation with the PCPS, 15 patients underwent therapeutic interventions: closure of an LV rupture (n = 9), coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 4), percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (n = 1), and percutaneous transluminal coronary recanalization (n = 1). Of the 16 patients, 14 were weaned from PCPS or standard cardiopulmonary bypass. Six patients survived longer than 30 days, 3 (19 percent) of whom were discharged from the hospital. The long-term survival rate in the 6 patients who underwent coronary revascularization was 33 percent (2/6). Of the 9 patients with LV free wall rupture, 1 was discharged from the hospital. Even though it cannot be concluded, from this small number of patients, that cardiopulmonary resuscitation using PCPS improves survival, it appears that PCPS is a powerful resuscitative modality for seriously ill patients with acute myocardial infarction or LV rupture.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Is the presence of hyperlipidemia associated with impairment of endothelium-dependent neointimal relaxation after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty?

To determine whether hyperlipidemia affects the endothelium-dependent vasomotor response along the dilated vessel after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), we evaluated 32 patients with one-vessel disease, 3-6 months after successful PTCA without restenosis. Fourteen patients had mild stenotic lesions not subjected to PTCA (non-PTCA sites) in addition to the PTCA sites. Vessel diameter changes at 32 PTCA and 36 non-PTCA sites were assessed by quantitative angiography, before and after intracoronary injection of acetylcholine (20 micrograms to the right and 50 micrograms to the left coronary artery) and of nitroglycerin (0.1-0.3 mg). The acetylcholine response ranged from 46% (dilation) to -100% (constriction). All coronary arteries were dilated in response to nitroglycerin, which suggested preservation of the function of vascular smooth muscle, and the presence of an abnormality in endothelial function in those patients with a constrictor response to acetylcholine. There was a negative correlation between the acetylcholine response and the serum total cholesterol level at PTCA sites (r = -0.37; P = 0.038) and at non-PTCA sites (r = -0.46; P = 0.005). These findings indicate that hyperlipidemia is associated with a loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation, not only at non-PTCA but also at PTCA sites, at which restoration of endothelial function might have occurred. They also suggest that hyperlipidemia may be related to the functional state of the regenerated endothelium at sites where PTCA had been previously performed.

Acetylcholine↗