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Biomedical subjects

K Ko

Publications and source records attributed to K Ko.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Isolation and characterization of a new immunomodulatory protein, ling zhi-8 (LZ-8), from Ganoderma lucidium.

A novel protein with mitogenic activity in vitro and immunomodulating activity in vivo has been isolated from the mycelial extract of an Oriental medicinal fungus, ling zhi (Ganoderma lucidium). This protein was named ling zhi-8 (LZ-8) and its biochemical and immunological properties are described. LZ-8 was purified by two chromatographic systems, gel filtration and followed by ion-exchange, using an in vitro bioassay measuring blast-formation stimulatory activity toward mouse spleen lymphocytes to monitor purification. Analysis by several types of electrophoresis revealed a single band, with the molecular weight differing slightly depending on the system employed. Under reduced conditions, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using the method of Laemmli, U.K. ((1970) Nature 227, 680-685) indicated an apparent Mr = 17,100, while under nonreduced conditions an apparent Mr = 17,500 was found; and, using Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a value of apparent Mr = 13,100 was obtained. LZ-8 has an isoelectric point of 4.4, and sugar analysis indicated a low carbohydrate content (1.3%). Half-cysteine, histidine, and methionine were not detected from the analysis of amino acid composition after further purification of LZ-8 by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. LZ-8 was capable of hemagglutinating sheep red blood cells, but no such activity was observed toward human red blood cells (A, B, AB, and O types). In vivo, LZ-8 prevents the production of systemic anaphylaxis reaction in mice if it has been administered repeatedly, and reduction of antibody production is the suggested mechanism. The mechanisms of hemagglutination of sheep red blood cells and of blast-formation stimulation of mouse spleen cells are also discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Targeting of proteins to the thylakoid lumen by the bipartite transit peptide of the 33 kd oxygen-evolving protein.

Various chimeric precursors and deletions of the 33 kd oxygen-evolving protein (OEE1) were constructed to study the mechanism by which chloroplast proteins are imported and targeted to the thylakoid lumen. The native OEE1 precursor was imported into isolated chloroplasts, processed and localized in the thylakoid lumen. Replacement of the OEE1 transit peptide with the transit peptide of the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, a stromal protein, resulted in redirection of mature OEE1 into the stromal compartment of the chloroplast. Utilizing chimeric transit peptides and block deletions we demonstrated that the 85 residue OEE1 transit peptide contains separate signal domains for importing and targeting the thylakoid lumen. The importing domain, which mediates translocation across the two membranes of the chloroplast envelope, is present in the N-terminal 58 amino acids. The thylakoid lumen targeting domain, which mediates translocation across the thylakoid membrane, is located within the C-terminal 27 residues of the OEE1 transit peptide. Chimeric precursors were constructed and used in in vitro import experiments to demonstrate that the OEE1 transit peptide is capable of importing and targeting foreign proteins to the thylakoid lumen.

Algal Proteins↗
PubMed1989

[Study of long-survival cases with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy].

We performed arterial infusion chemotherapy through hepatic artery in 33 patients with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Regarding the survival rate, the 1-year survival rate was 55.6% and the 5-year rate was 27.8% in cases of H2, and 1-year as 28.9% in H3. According to criteria of Saito-Koyama, the response rate was 24.2%, including 2 CR and 6 PR cases. There were more patients with H2 factor and without peritoneal dissemination who survived for one year and more. The dose of 5-FU was 9.6 +/- 3.6 g in case of longer survivals and 5.1 +/- 3.0 g in non-responders. There were significant differences between them. The pretreatment value of CEA was lower than 100 ng/ml in 8 of 11 longer survivals, and the CEA values were decreased after this treatment in 9 of 11 responders. On the other hand, it was noted that the non-responders had a higher level of CEA such as more than 100 ng/ml, and in these cases CEA was not decreased after treatment. There are two favourable responders who are still living 9 and 5 years after successful treatment. Their pretreatment value of CEA was lower at 13.6 and 23.8 ng/ml, respectively, and these levels were decreased to 1.0 ng/ml with administration of 5-FU with ADM and 5-FU with MMC. It was concluded that arterial infusion chemotherapy was good for treatment of metastatic liver tumors from colorectal cancers.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

A light-entrained circadian clock controls transcription of several plant genes.

Diurnal oscillations in steady-state mRNA levels and transcription rates were measured for seven transcripts (five of which encode chloroplast-localized proteins) in tomato seedlings: photosystem I and photosystem II chlorophyll a/b binding proteins (CAB/I and CAB/II), small subunit of RuBisCO (RBCS), actin, subunit II of the photosystem I reaction center (PSAD), subunit I of the photosystem II oxygen-evolving enzyme (OEE1), and a biotin-binding protein of unknown function. CAB/II mRNA levels were found to oscillate greater than 20-fold, showing a peak at noon, while only marginal diurnal oscillations are seen in RBCS transcripts. The oscillations are at least partially controlled at the transcriptional level. Transcription rates of both CAB/II and RBCS, measured by nuclear run-on experiments, were found to oscillate, with a peak around 8 a.m. Transcription rates of the 'biotin' clone also oscillated, with a peak around noon. Transfer of plants to constant darkness or constant light conditions alters the amplitude of the transcriptional oscillation, but does not abolish it, suggesting that it is at least partially controlled by a circadian clock. The oscillations are still visible after three days in complete darkness, and have a period very close to 24 h. The oscillator phase can be reset by out-of-phase light treatment.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1987

A cDNA clone encoding a photosystem I protein with homology to photosystem II chlorophyll a/b-binding polypeptides.

We report here the isolation and nucleotide sequence of a complete cDNA clone encoding a photosystem I (PS I) polypeptide that is recognized by a monoclonal antibody made against photosystem II (PS II) chlorophyll a/b-binding (CAB) proteins. The deduced sequence of this PS I protein shows 30% overall identity to PS II CAB sequences, and two long segments within this protein show 50% and 65% identity to the corresponding segments in the PS II CAB polypeptides. Even though the sequence of this PS I CAB protein is substantially divergent from PS II CAB sequences, their hydropathy plots are very similar and suggest they all traverse the thylakoid membrane three times. A segment of the PS I CAB polypeptide shows similarity to the functionally analogous beta subunits of the antenna proteins of purple bacteria. In contrast, no homology was observed between these bacterial proteins and PS II CAB polypeptides.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

[Arrhythmia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1984

[Functional preservation in cancer surgery of the large intestine].

Distal Surgical margin, required in the sphincter preserving operation for rectal cancer was studied histologically on the 78 resected specimens. The extramural cancer spread, examined by clearing method, was found in 20.5%, and was more frequent and expansive compared to intramural spread of cancer. No distal spread was found in cancer limited to the rectal wall. Length of the spread by 3 cm in lower rectal cancer and 4 cm in the upper rectal cancer. Postoperative anal function showed a good or fair in patients with internal sphincteric function preserved. Postoperative dysuria and male sexual disturbance showed a close relation to the pelvic nodes dissection. Ro-dissection was followed by 20% of dysuria, while RI and R 2 46.7%, R 3 1.8%.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of acetyllactoylcholine-1,5-naphthalene disulfonate on the motility of stomach].

The effect of TM-723 on the motility of stomach was investigated by using the electromyogram, extraluminal strain gauge force transducer in dog and by measuring the human gastric emptying time. Three mongrel dogs were equipped with two bipolar electrodes on the serosal surface of the antrum and single bipolar electrode and single strain gauge on the surface of the body. Both the peristaltic spike discharge and contractile activity were recorded during 30 minutes before and 60 minutes after administration of TM-723 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, iv. The peristaltic spikes were suddenly disappeared on administration of TM-723 and after then, recurrent peristaltic spikes were recognized with prolonged interval and increased propagation velocity for about four minutes. The contractile activity increased with the administration of TM-723 for a minute. Gastric emptying time were measured on four healthy men by using of the test meal containing 300 muCi of 99mTc-DTPA before and after administration of TM-723 50 mg per os. The following results were obtained that three of four men had accelerated emptying time and one had no remarkable changes after taking TM-723. These studies suggest that TM-723 activates the motility of the stomach.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

[Change of pattern of gastric emptying after selective proximal vagotomy].

The patterns of gastric emptying after selective proximal vagotomy (SPV) and SPV with pyloroplasty (SPV + D) were studed using a liquid labelled with 99mTc-DTPA. By means of on-line computer facility, it was possible to analyse the relative role of the Whole stomach and the antrum within the overall frame work of gastric emptying. In the time/activity curve of the whole stomach, all of 3 groups emptied in exponential curve. Comparing with normal subjects, SPV subjects were tending to empty slowly, while SPV + D subjects were tending to empty rapidly. In the time/activity curve of the antrum, normal and SPV + D subjects had two types of emptying--one was represented in the decreasing curve and another was represented in the increasing-decreasing curve. While SPV subjects had only one type of emptying which was represented in the increasing-decreasing curve. From a consideration of the pattern of gastric emptying curve, SPV subjects had two different emptying states compared with normal subjects--one was the delay of entering the antrum from the fundic side of stomach, and the other was that effective antral emptying did not readily start. While SPV + D kept more neally normal gastric emptying that it of SPV.

Adult↗