This paper presents a strategy for automatic control of induced paralysis using vecuronium bromide during surgery. The controller is self-tuning and adapts to inter-patient and intra-patient response variations while optimizing the output variance and infusion rate. In particular, the controller is capable of accommodating the variations of pure time delays in patient response. The performance of the controller is evaluated using an experimentally derived pharmacokinetic and nonlinear pharmacodynamic model of patient response. The results indicate that the controller provides robust regulation of the paralysis level with no output offset.

Algorithms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mutant allele frequencies in cats of Minneapolis-St. Paul.

Coat color phenotype frequencies were determined in the cat population of Minneapolis and St. Paul. Mutant allele frequencies are estimated to be p (O) = 0.287, q(a) = 0.742, q(d) = 0.635, q(l) = 0.507, p(S) = 0.288. q(tb) = 0.472, p(W) = 0.016, and q(cs) = 0.214. A substantial number of cats displaying the Siamese coat pattern were found. These cats have a long history in the population.

Alleles↗

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Endotoxemia in protein-energy malnutrition.

The plasma endotoxin levels of 16 severely malnourished Thai children were determined by the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Endotoxemia was present in seven children (44%) on admission to the hospital and was associated with the coexistence of vitamin A deficiency. Protein-energy malnutrition is associated with the presence of endotoxemia.

Bacterial Infections↗

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Acute cerebral and peripheral circulation disorders.

The main characteristic of the present therapeutic strategy in acute cerebral ischemias, peripheral occlusive arterial disease, hyperviscosity, hypovolemic and other shock syndromes is the rapid counteraction on the underlying regional and general microcirculation insufficiency by administration of Dextrans (40 and 60 or 70 respectively) causing increase of reduced (micro)flow and metabolism, antithrombotic effects and volume replacement. Including the respectively needed precaution and concomiting therapy (stabilization of B. P., heart and metabolism disorders, electrolyte correction, analgetics, antibiotics etc.) the chances for improvement or reversibility of the pathophysiological and clinical dysfunctions and for rehabilitation can be elevated by these conceptions. Dextran 60 (70) is superior to blood and gelatine in intensity and keeping volume replacement (until to 25-30% of lossed volume), in microcirculatory and hemodilution potency and with regard to risks and economic aspects. The use of these programs is very successful also in geriatrics.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Experiences with low-power laser therapy in internal medicine geriatrics].

The use of low power laser therapy in 30 in-patients aged from 72 to 86 years suffering from diseases of the movement apparatus resistant to treatment and from chronic peripheral and cerebral circulation disorders based on arteriosclerosis is proofed as efficient, riskless physicaltherapy method to improve the complaints and to economize with medicamentation.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A new after-care model in geriatrics].

78 geriatric patients predominantly suffering from cardiocerebrovascular diseases (stroke, heart insufficiency) and lesions respectively operations of the locomotion system (fractures, arthroses) were admitted in 1987 from acute hospitals for after-treatment (short-term care). 35 (= 45%) of them (average age 80 (61-92) could be discharged after 63.5 days on average, 11 died from intercurrent complications, 9 remained for long-term care as inrehabilitable. Besides other concomiting troubles mainly cardiac and circulation affections were present in the majority of patients. Their identification (a. o. by means of ultrasonic methods) and therapy also means a secondary prevention of cerebral as well as of fall and injuries inducing risk factors. The results confirm the principal rehabilitation chance of multimorbid geriatric patients by use of the diagnostic and therapeutic special potential of geriatrics.

Aftercare↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of cerebrovascular processes and their reactions to pharmacotherapy by means of ultrasonic methods.

Calculation of diameter, wall movement, systolic and diastolic flow velocity in the vertebral and carotid artery by means of ultrasonic A-mode-echography and DOPPLER sonography permits identification and quantitative evaluation of cerebrovascular processes in extracranial and intracranial branches and their response to stress, especially in general and regionally accentuated arteriosclerosis, e.g. in predominant vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Their principal reagibility to pharmacotherapy under certain extracerebrovascular preconditions ins demonstrated by significant increase of the reduced hemodynamic parameters accompanied with significant elevation of decreased orthostatic BP after treatment with Raubasine, Dihydroergotamine and Dihydroergocristine.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Classification of cerebrovascular processes using ultrasound methods].

By means of ultrasound A-mode echography and Doppler-Kranzbühler sonography new fundamentals of non-invasive qualitative and quantitative classification of cerebrovascular processes could be developed: Apart from usual screening of stenoses and pulse curve analyses, measurements of diameters and wall movements in the extracranial and intracranial carotid artery and in the vertebral artery as well as determinations of the systolic and diastolic flow velocities in the extracranial arteries are outstanding features. By recording and evaluating these parameters and data patterns, coupled with clinical findings, differential conclusions on reactions of the cerebral hemodynamics in macrocirculatory and microcirculatory regions were realized in geriatric patients under the following pathophysiological and therapeutically induced conditions: Generally and regionally accentuated arteriosclerotic lesions of the brain (predominant vertebrobasilar insufficiency), decrease of flow velocities according to the diameter, aggravation by distress; principal possibility of pharmacological influence if myogenic autoregulation function is rehabilitable: It is demonstrated by the example of a long-term therapy with a combination of Raubasine, Dihydroergocristine and DHE (Defluina forte).

Aged↗