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Biomedical subjects

K Kisters

Publications and source records attributed to K Kisters.

77 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Electron-probe X-ray microanalysis of sodium ion content in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats.

In aortic smooth muscle cells from 12 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Münster strain and 11 normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), the intracellular Na+ content was measured by electron-probe microanalysis. Measurements were performed in aortic cryosections 3 microns thick; the Na+ content was 12.5 +/- 2.4 g/kg dry weight in SHR versus 6.96 +/- 1.1 g/kg dry weight in WKY (P less than 0.01). Thus, aortic smooth muscle cells from SHR are characterized by a markedly elevated intracellular Na+ content compared with normotensive cells. This may either be due to genetically determined disturbances in transmembrane Na+ transport or to a circulating factor affecting Na+ transport. Cellular Na+ handling may be disturbed in SHR aortic smooth muscle as it is in hypertensive blood cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Differences in plasma and tissue aluminum concentrations due to different aluminum-containing drugs in patients with renal insufficiency and with normal renal function.

The gastrointestinal absorption of aluminum from orally administered aluminum-containing drugs is well documented. Retention of the absorbed aluminum leads to elevated levels of this metal in the tissue of patients with renal failure. We studied two groups of dialysis patients who had received equal amounts of the different aluminum-containing phosphate-binders Aludrox and Antiphosphat. It has recently been shown that Antiphosphat releases only a few aluminum ions in an environment of low pH. Consistent with this finding, we found the aluminum levels to be significantly higher in the plasma, bone, and hair of patients who had received Aludrox as phosphate binder. Subjects with normal renal function excreted most of the ingested and absorbed aluminum. No data are available concerning the tissue load of the element in these subjects. We studied two groups of patients with normal renal function who had received antacid drugs prior to neurosurgery on a brain tumor. The first group of patients were treated with an aluminum-rich antacid (Maalox 70); the other group received an aluminum-poor drug (magaldrate) for 10 days prior to the operation. Analysis of the brain-tissue removed revealed twofold higher aluminum levels in the patients who had received Maalox 70. These results indicate that administration of aluminum-containing drugs leads to a tissue load of aluminum in patients with an impaired renal function as well as in those with a normal function. The extent of the aluminum load depends on the aluminum content and the liberation rate of the drug.

Aluminum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of dialysis procedure, membrane surface and membrane material on iopromide elimination in patients with reduced kidney function.

Haemodialysis for the elimination of contrast medium in patients with advanced renal failure is a common procedure. Even though sufficient elimination with the use of regular low-flux membranes is documented, large differences in results have been reported in prior investigations. We, therefore, compared Cuprophan and polysulfone dialysers with different surface areas to haemofiltration with different amounts of substitution fluid in 40 patients with compromised renal function after coronary angiography. Plasma iodine concentrations were measured by fluorescent excitation analysis. At constant blood flow rates of 200 ml/min, Cuprophan membranes with 1. 3 m(2) surface area had a clearance rate of 87 ml/min, whereas polysulfone membranes of comparable size displayed a significantly higher clearance rate of 147 ml/min. Polysulfone membranes with 1.8 m(2) surface area showed a small but insignificant increase in the iodine clearance (162 ml/min), while Cuprophan membranes displayed an increase in clearance rates (121 ml/min). Additional ultrafiltration led to a further increase in the plasma clearance of both membranes and reduced urinary iodine excretion. Haemofiltration was comparable to haemodialysis in terms of efficacy and thus represents an alternative method. Clearance of iopromide during haemodialysis with polysulfone membranes is higher than with Cuprophan membranes. Elimination rates can be further increased by additional ultrafiltration. Haemofiltration is comparable to haemodialysis regarding contrast medium elimination.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selenium in the treatment of head and neck lymphedema.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of selenium in the treatment of lymphedema of the head and neck region after radiotherapy alone or in combination with surgery. SUBJECTS AND MATERIALS: Between June 1996 and June 2001 a total of 36 cancer patients (29 male, 7 female; median age 61 years) were treated with selenium for persistent, extensive or progressive lymphedema of the head and neck region. Twenty had interstitial endolaryngeal edema associated with stridor and dyspnea. All patients received 350 microg/m(2) body surface sodium selenite medication p.o. daily (total dose 50 microg per day) for a period of 4-6 weeks after radiotherapy. The optimal effect of the selenium treatment was assessed after 4 weeks of therapy using the Miller score system. A visual analogue scale on a scale of 0-10 was used to assess the patient's quality of life prior to and after selenium. RESULTS: 75% of the patients had an improvement of the Miller score of one stage or more. The self-assessment of quality of life using the visual analogue scale improved significantly after selenium treatment with a reduction of 4.4 points (p < 0.05). Of the 20 patients with endolaryngeal edema tracheostomy was not necessary in 13 patients (65%), but 5 and 2 received a temporary or permanent tracheostomy, respectively. No episode of erysipelas was observed in all study patients. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a short positive effect of sodium selenite on secondary head and neck lymphedema caused by radiotherapy alone or in combination with surgery.

Aged↗