Biomedical subjects

K Kinoshita

Publications and source records attributed to K Kinoshita.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Energetic protons from a few-micron metallic foil evaporated by an intense laser pulse.

With detailed experimental studies and hydrodynamics and particle-in-cell simulations we investigate the role of the prepulse in laser proton acceleration. The prepulse or pedestal (amplified spontaneous emission) can completely evaporate the irradiated region of a sufficiently thin foil; therefore, the main part of the laser pulse interacts with an underdense plasma. The multiparametric particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate that the main pulse generates the quasistatic magnetic field, which in its turn produces the long-lived charge separation electrostatic field, accelerating the ions.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Measurement of branching fractions and polarization in B-->phiK(*) decays.

We present the first measurement of decay amplitudes in B-->phiK* and measurements of branching fractions in B-->phiK(*) decays based on 78.1 fb(-1) of data recorded at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- storage ring. The decay amplitudes for the different phiK*0 helicity states are measured from the angular distributions of final state particles in the transversity basis. The longitudinal and transverse complex amplitudes are |A0|2=0.43+/-0.09+/-0.04, |A(perpendicular)|2=0.41+/-0.10+/-0.04, arg((A(parallel))=-2.57+/-0.39+/-0.09, and arg((A(perpendicular))=0.48+/-0.32+/-0.06. The direct CP-violating asymmetries are found to be consistent with zero.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Observation of B0-->pLambda(pi)(-).

We report the first observation of the charmless hyperonic B decay, B0-->pLambda(pi)(-), using a 78 fb(-1) data sample recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. The measured branching fraction is B(B0-->pLambda(pi)(-))=(3.97(+1.00)(-0.80)+/-0.56)x10(-6). Searches for B0-->pLambda(K)- and pSigma(0)pi(-) yield no significant signals and we set 90% confidence-level upper limits of B(B0-->pLambda(K)-)<8.2x10(-7) and B(B0-->pSigma(0)pi(-))<3.8x10(-6).

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Studies of the decay B+/- -->D(CP)K+/-.

We report studies of the Cabibbo-suppressed decay B+/--->D(CP)K+/-, where D(CP) denotes CP eigenstates of the D0-D0; system. The analysis is based on a 29.1 fb(-1) sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e(+)e(-) storage ring. We measure ratios of branching fractions, relative to Cabibbo-favored B+/--->D(CP)pi(+/-), of B(B--->D1K-)/B(B--->D1pi(-))=0.125+/-0.036+/-0.010 and B(B--->D2K-)/B(B--->D2pi(-))=0.119+/-0.028+/-0.006; the index 1 (2) denotes the CP=+1 (-1) eigenstate. We also extract the partial rate asymmetries for B+/--->D(CP)K+/-, finding A(1)=0.29+/-0.26+/-0.05 and A(2)=-0.22+/-0.24+/-0.04.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Observation of the decay B0-->lambda+cp.

We report the measurement of the charmed baryonic decay B(0)-->Lambda(+)(c)p with a branching fraction of (2.19(+0.56)(-0.49)+/-0.32+/-0.57)x10(-5) and a statistical significance of 5.8 sigma. The errors are statistical, systematic, and the error of the Lambda(+)(c)-->pK(-)pi(+) decay branching fraction. This is the first observation of a two-body baryonic B decay. The analysis is based on 78.2 fb(-1) of data accumulated at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e(+)e(-) collider.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation for acute mixed lineage (myeloid and B-lymphoid lineage) leukemia in an adult with Down syndrome.

This article describes a rare case of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an unrelated donor (URD) in an adult Japanese male with Down syndrome (DS) diagnosed as having acute mixed lineage leukemia. Examination of peripheral blood demonstrated WBC 6.2 x 10(9)/l with 45.5% blasts at admission. Leukemic blasts with positive peroxidase stain, but negative periodic acid-Schiff stain comprised 91.6% on bone marrow specimen. Surface marker analysis of these blasts showed the following: CD3(-), CD5(-), CD7(-), CD10(+), CD19(+), CD13(+), CD14(-), CD33(+), CD34(+), CD41a(-), and CD56(-). Based on these data, he was diagnosed as having acute mixed lineage (myeloid and B-lymphoid lineage) leukemia. He achieved complete remission (CR) by lymphoid-oriented chemotherapy performed after ineffective myeloid-oriented therapy. After four courses of consolidation chemotherapy for lymphoid lineage blasts, recurrence due to proliferation of myeloblasts had occurred. Thereafter, a second CR was obtained by low dose cytosine arabinoside (AraC) therapy. As this patient was considered to have a high risk of relapse, we selected allogeneic BMT from URD. Severe stomatitis due to methotrexate (MTX) occurred probably due to altered pharmacokinetics usually observed in DS patients. Though acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) of systemic skin (grade II) and pneumonia were observed during neutropenia due to the post-conditioning regimen, he could be discharged from our hospital on the 135th day after BMT. On day 205 post-BMT, however, bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) occurred as a chronic GVHD disorder. Despite therapy with prednisolone and FK506, he died on day 400 post-BMT because of respiratory failure due to BO. In DS patients, superfluous toxicities due to MTX and AraC treatment have been reported, and these toxicities have been considered due to altered pharmacokinetics in patients with DS. This patient could tolerate the transplant conditioning regimen commonly used in patients without DS.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Measurement of branching fractions for B-->eta(c)K(*) decays.

We report measurements of branching fractions for charged and neutral B-->eta(c)K decays where the eta(c) meson is reconstructed in the K(0)(S)K+/-pi(-/+), K+K-pi(0), K(*0)K-pi(+), and pp; decay channels. The neutral B0 channel is a CP eigenstate and can be used to measure the CP violation parameter sin(2phi(1). We also report the first observation of the B0-->eta(c)K(*0) mode. The results are based on an analysis of 29.1 fb(-1) of data collected by the Belle detector at KEKB.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Measurement of the electroweak penguin process B-->X(s)l+l-.

We report the first measurement of the branching fraction for the inclusive decay B-->X(s)l(+)l(-), where l is either an electron or a muon, and X(s) is a hadronic recoil system that contains an s quark. We analyzed a data sample of 65.4 x 10(6) B meson pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) asymmetric-energy collider. We find B(B-->X(s)l(+)l(-))=[6.1 +/-1.4(stat) +1.4-1.1(syst)] x 10(-6) for dilepton masses greater than 0.2 GeV/c(2).

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Relation between brain oxygen metabolism and temperature gradient between brain and bladder.

Brain temperature is slightly higher than systemic core temperature normally. Fluctuations of a temperature gradient between brain and core body have recently been reported after a severe brain insult. The pathophysiological significance of the gradient fluctuations is unclear. This study aims to identify the gradient fluctuations between brain and core temperatures after a brain insult. Temperature gradient (brain temperature minus bladder temperature: degrees C) was measured in 11 patients (125 points) with severe brain injury (4 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, 4 with cerebral hemorrhage. and 3 with traumatic brain injury). Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP; mmHg) and jugular venous blood saturation (SjO2; %) was also measured. The average gradient was 0.29 +/- 0.285 degrees C when CPP was above 50 mmHg. SjO2 was inversely related to the temperature gradient in a significant manner (r = 0.472; P < 0.0001). Temperature gradients tended to increase and then decrease when CPP < 50 mmHg. This study demonstrates that increased temperature gradient has a significant inverse correlation with SjO2 at CPP > 50 mmHg. The current results suggest that the fluctuations in temperature gradient in critical conditions reflect brain ischemia.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Characteristics of parietal-parasagittal hemorrhage after mild or moderate traumatic brain injury.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical characteristics of parietal-parasagittal traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (TICH) after mild or moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS; Subjects were 105 patients with mild or moderate TBI. The patients with parietal-parasagittal TICH were clinically analyzed based on the initial brain CT findings, hematoma sites and the clinical course as compared to those with TICH at other sites. RESULTS: Hematoma was located in the frontal or temporal lobes in 89.5% of the subjects and the parietal-parasagittal in 10.5%. Ten of the 11 patients suffering parietal-parasagittal TICH had skull fractures (7 depressed and 3 linear) but no depressed fracture observed in patients with frontal or temporal lobe hemorrhage. Neurological deterioration leading to a comatose state more frequently occurred in 63.6% of patients with parietal-parasagittal TICH than in those with frontal or temporal lobe hemorrhage (19.1%, p < 0.01). The incidence of hematoma growth was significantly higher in patients with parietal-parasagittal TICH (63.6%) than in those with frontal or temporal lobe hemorrhage (31.9%, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The incidence of parietal-parasagittal TICH is low, but the risk of neurological deterioration due to hematoma enlargement is significantly high. Parietal-parasagittal TICH may differ clinically from frontal-temporal TICH.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Importance of hemodynamics management in patients with severe head injury and during hypothermia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hemodynamics in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) during therapeutic hypothermia. METHODS: Subjects were 25 patients with TBI (GCS; 8 or less). Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), cardiac index (CI), systemic oxygen delivery (DO2), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were measured. Patients were retrospectively divided into 3 groups: normothermia (n = 5; NT), and survivors (n = 14; HT-S) and non-survivors (n = 6; HT-Non-S) after hypothermia. and hemodynamics were investigated for difference among groups at 24 hours from induction of normothermia or hypothermia. RESULTS: CPP target was above 70 mmHg, however, HT-Non-S could not maintain CPP above 70 mmHg. The low CPP was the result of elevated ICP, low MAP (P < .05), or both during hypothermia. In HT-Non-S, significantly high SVRI and low CI (P < .05) causing dehydration were observed during cooling. DO2 could not be maintained in HT-Non-S during hypothermia. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that patients run the risk of impairing hemodynamics during therapeutic hypothermia. Hemodynamic management is essential during hypothermia. If dehydration occurs during hypothermia. MAP may be reduced due to inadequate sedation, analgesia, and excess use of diuretic agents.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMed2003

Changes in cerebrovascular response during brain hypothermia after traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) provides a rapid and noninvasive assessment of cerebral hemodynamics after traumatic brain injury. This study evaluates the change of cerebrovascular response at the rewarming stage of brain hypothermia using TCD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventeen patients who had suffered from closed brain injury were investigated with daily TCD recordings and the changes in flow velocities were evaluated to determine whether they reflected the temperature during brain hypothermia. All patients who had treated brain hypothermia underwent continuous monitoring of SjO2, mean arterial blood pressure, and intracranial pressure (ICP). RESULTS: No significant changes in ICP and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were recorded in all cases. Of 17 patients, 5 had a significant increase in SjO2 > 75% or more, retrospectively, with a robust increase in flow velocities of the middle cerebral artery (P < .01) at the rewarming stage. These cases marked a decrease in pulsatility index (P < .05) concomitant with an increase in SjO2 values. The CT scan revealed acute brain swelling in these cases. CONCLUSION: These data suggest cerebral vasoactivity could be altered at the rewarming stage. Hypothermia runs a risk of hyperemia at the rewarming stage, which induced a decrease in cerebral vasoresistance.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2003

Effects of liposteroid on the hemophagocytic syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a life-threatening disorder characterized by pancytopenia and activation of macrophages. Recently, corticosteroid incorporated in lipid microspheres (liposteroid) has been reported to be taken up by macrophages and to suppress their functions. Here we present a case of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by HPS that was successfully treated with liposteroid in addition to an oral corticosteroid and intravenous high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and ferritin that have been reported to be associated with activity of macrophages remarkably reduced after liposteroid administration. This case suggests that liposteroid is useful for the treatment of HPS.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2003

Acquisition of a gastric or duodenal phenotype on heterotropic transplantation of esophagus and bladder tissues in F344 rats.

Cell differentiation is very important but not well understood. In the present study the ability of various tissues to newly-differentiate when transplanted into the fundus or the duodenum in rats was tested. Pieces of esophagus, bladder, diaphragm and trachea from 8-week-old male F344 rats were transplanted into the gastric fundus or duodenum of females and examined after 3 or 6 months. While the diaphragm was not recognizable as a muscle layer in either the stomach or the duodenum, the esophagus and trachea persisted, the latter with the presence of cartilage. Esophagus grafts transplanted into the glandular stomach and duodenum, newly-differentiated into gastric and duodenal mucosa, respectively. Goblet cells with alcian-blue positive mucin appeared in bladder tissue implanted into the duodenum. Six months after the operation, their numbers had increased and cytoplasm alkaline phosphatase (ALP) positivity was noted. Gastrointestinal and also bladder stem cells may thus have multipotential ability for differentiation and may be able to newly-differentiate when transplanted into different environments in the gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Measurement of the B(0)-B(0) mixing parameter Deltam(d) using semileptonic B0 decays.

We present a measurement of the B0-Bmacr;(0) mixing parameter Deltam(d) using neutral B meson pairs in a 29.1 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. We exclusively reconstruct one neutral B meson in the semileptonic B0-->D(*-)l(+)nu decay mode and identify the flavor of the accompanying B meson from its decay products. From the distribution of the time intervals between the two flavor-tagged B meson decay points, we obtain Deltam(d)=(0.494+/-0.012+/-0.015) ps(-1), where the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

Observation of D+(s)K- and evidence for D+(s)pi- final states in neutral B decays.

We report the first observation of a B meson decay that is not accessible by a direct spectator process. The channel B(0)-->D(+)(s)K- is found in a sample of 85 x 10(6) BB; events, collected with the Belle detector at KEKB, with a branching fraction B(B(0)-->D(+)(s)K-)=(4.6(+1.2)(-1.1)+/-1.3) x 10(-5). We also obtain evidence for the B0-->D(+)(s)pi(-) decay with branching fraction B(B0-->D(+)(s)pi(-))=(2.4(+1.0)(-0.8)+/-0.7) x 10(-5). This value may be used to extract a model-dependent value of |V(ub)|.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

Radiative B meson decays into kpigamma and kpipigamma final states.

We report observations of radiative B meson decays into the K+pi(-)gamma and K+pi(-)pi(+)gamma final states. In the B0-->K+pi(-)gamma channel, we present evidence for decays via an intermediate tensor meson state with a branching fraction of B(B0-->K(*)(2)(1430)(0)gamma)=[1.3+/-0.5(stat)+/-0.1(syst)]x10(-5). We measure the branching fraction B(B+-->K+pi(-)pi(+)gamma)=[2.4+/-0.5(stat) +0.4-0.2(syst)]x10(-5), in which the B+-->K(*0)pi(+)gamma and B+-->K+rho(0)gamma channels dominate. The analysis is based on a data set of 29.4 fb(-1) recorded by the Belle experiment at the KEKB collider.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

Observation of B+/- -->omegaK+/- decay.

We report the first observation of the charmless two-body mode B+/--->omegaK+/- decay, and a new measurement of the branching fraction for the B+/--->omegapi(+/-) decay. The measured branching fractions are B(B+/--->omegaK+/-)=(9.2(+2.6)(-2.3)+/-1.0)x10(-6) and B(B+/--->omegapi(+/-))=(4.2(+2.0)(-1.8)+/-0.5)x10(-6). We also measure the partial rate asymmetry of B+/--->omegaK+/- decays and obtain A(CP)=-0.21+/-0.28+/-0.03. The results are based on a data sample of 29.4 fb(-1) collected on the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) collider.

Journal Article↗