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Biomedical subjects

K Kim

Publications and source records attributed to K Kim.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Interaction of adrenergic antagonists with prostaglandin E2 and tetrahydrocannabinol in the eye.

Both alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists have been utilized in an atempt to discern the site of action of prostaglandin (PG) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the eye. Both alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists (alpha-antagonists, phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine; beta-antagonists, propranolol and sotalol) cuased a dose-dependent reduction in intraocular pressure and blood pressure and increased total outflow facility. The results are consistent with the concept that both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors are present in the anterior uvea and that vasomotor tone is essential to the maintenance of normal intraocular pressure. No antagonist reduced the PG-induced elevation of intraocular pressure unless the blood pressure was severely lowered. All antagonists inhibit the normal PG-induced increase in total outflow facility, indicating that these agents protect the blood-aqueous barrier from breakdown without altering the vasodilatory response to PG. All antagonists reduced the fall in intraocular pressure produced by THC by approximately 50 per cent, except for sotalol which completely abolished the intraocular pressure fall. Only the alpha-adrenergic antagonists prevented the THC-induced increase in total outflow facility. The results indicate that true outflow facility may well be regulated exclusively by alpha-receptors. The data are consistent with the effect of THC being primarily a vasodilation of the efferent blood vessels of the anterior uvea. The partial inhibition by alpha-adrenergic antagonists may also suggest a lesser role of THC on the afferent vessels.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1975

Pattern of ocular response to topical and systemic prostaglandin.

Changes in both intraocular pressure and total outflow facility were determined after short- and long-term infusion and topical application of prostaglandin E1 and E2. The intraocular pressure with both routes of administration increased within 15 minutes by 10 to 15 mm. Hg; long-term infusion caused the intraocular pressure to be elevated for a longer time, although a fall in intraocualr pressure occurred despite continued infusion. Total outflow facility did not increase until 30 minutes after initiation of treatment and thereafter increased further with time, irrespective of the route of drug application. The initial increase in intraocular pressure is suggested to be the result of vascular changes, namely an increase in the leakiness of the iris vessels and the capillary pressure of the ciliary body vessels caused by the vasodilatory actions of prostaglandins.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

Gas-chromatographic and mass-spectrometric detection of low-molecular-weight aliphatic alcohols in urine of normal individuals and patients with diabetes mellitus.

We studied the aliphatic alcohols in 100 urines from 25 patients with diabetes mellitus under treatment with insulin, oral antidiabetic medication, or special diet. The procedure involves adsorption of the low-molecular-weight urinary metabolites on a porous polymer of 2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide (Tenax GC), gas-chromatographic separation, mass spectrometric identification, and mass fragmentographic representation of the primary alcohols by a computer. The concentrations of ethanol, n-propanol, isobutanol, n-butanol, and isopentanol are increased as compared with urine from normal persons.

Aged↗
PubMed1965

In vitro inhibition of diphtheria toxin action by ammonium salts and amines.

Kim, K. (University of Washington, Seattle), and N. B. Groman. In vitro inhibition of diphtheria toxin action by ammonium salts and amines. J. Bacteriol. 90:1552-1556. 1965.-An inhibitor for diphtheria toxin action on HeLa cells was demonstrated in the growth supernatant fractions of both toxinogenic and nontoxinogenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and in the Mueller and Miller medium in which these organisms were grown. The inhibitor in the growth supernatant fractions of the nontoxinogenic strain was dialyzable, stable to autoclaving, and stable on storage in the refrigerator for a period of many months, but was destroyed by ashing. When the components of Mueller and Miller medium were analyzed, only the Casamino Acids proved inhibitory. Further study with artificial mixtures of amino acids revealed that glutamine alone inhibited toxin. It was subsequently shown that ammonium salts and the aliphatic amines, glycamine and prolamine, could also function as inhibitors. Histamine and 16 amino acids tested individually were ineffective. The effectiveness of the amines and the ineffectiveness of sodium or potassium ions indicates that there is a specific requirement for inhibition.

Amines↗
PubMed1965

Mode of inhibition of diphtheria toxin by ammonium chloride.

Kim, K. (University of Washington, Seattle), and N. B. Groman. Mode of inhibition of diphtheria toxin by ammonium chloride. J. Bacteriol. 90:1557-1562. 1965.-The inhibition of diphtheria toxin by ammonium salts was independent of toxin concentration over a 100-fold range of toxin. Inhibition by minimal concentrations of ammonium chloride was abolished by lowering the pH, indicating that free ammonia is the active form of inhibitor. A single addition of ammonium chloride inhibited toxin for a limited period of time, but periodic readdition of the ammonium salt was required to sustain inhibition indefinitely in the absence of antitoxin. Toxin was not destroyed and its adsorption occurred equally well in the presence or absence of ammonium chloride. Preadsorbed toxin was also effectively inhibited by the addition of ammonium chloride. Inhibited toxin remained accessible to antitoxin neutralization. Attempts to reverse ammonia inhibition by the addition of succinate or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide were unsuccessful. Attempts to inhibit toxin by interfering with active transport were also unsuccessful.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pineal germinoma with widespread extracranial metastases.

A case of primary pineal germinoma with widespread extracranial metastasis in a 36-year-old man is presented. A clinical work-up revealed bilateral pleural effusions, ascites, and metastatic lesions involving the lung. Cytology and electron microscopic study of the pleural and ascitic fluid and of the fine needle aspiration material revealed metastatic germinoma. Although the cytologic features were not distinct from those of anaplastic carcinoma, they were distinguishable from those of glial neoplasms, lymphoma, and sarcoma. The computed tomography findings, elevated human chorionic gonadotropin level, and electron microscopic features contributed significantly to the diagnosis of extracranial metastasis of the pineal germinoma. Metastatic spread most likely occurred via the ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transcutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy of pancreatic cancer.

Transcutaneous fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies were performed on 30 patients with space-occupying lesions in the pancreas. Patient selection for FNA was based on pancreatic lesions suspected of malignancy by clinical and/or radiologic imaging methods. Patients with obstructive jaundice were excluded because of the necessity of laparotomy to relieve biliary obstruction. Of these 30 cases, 15 cases were positive for malignant cells. Of these 15 positive cases, 11 were adenocarcinomas of duct cell origin, one cystadenocarcinoma, one islet cell tumor, one lymphoma, and one metastatic malignant melanoma. The remaining 15 cases, negative for malignant cells, were ultimately shown to have the following lesions: five adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, one metastatic carcinoma from the breast, and nine nonneoplastic disease. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 80%. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictivity for positive FNA biopsy of pancreatic malignancy were 79, 100, and 100%, respectively. Cytologic features with corresponding histologic types were presented. Immunocytochemical and electron microscopic studies were performed on some cases. Only one complication that was possibly related to FNA biopsy occurred. In conclusion, transcutaneous FNA biopsy of pancreatic malignancy is highly valuable in patient management.

Biopsy, Needle↗