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Biomedical subjects

K Kim

Publications and source records attributed to K Kim.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Therapeutic efficacy of interferon on HCV-RNA in chronic hepatitis C.

The efficacy of interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C were evaluated by the changes of serum RNA of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) by the polymerase chain reaction. Before the treatment, HCV-RNA was detected in all of the 17 patients. 5 patients given IFN for 4 weeks, 12 cases given IFN by the 2 weeks/on 2 weeks off schedule (4 cases given 4 cycles and 8 given 6 cycles). Immediately after the treatment ended, the HCV-RNA was not detected in 12 (71%) cases. Five cases were persistently positive for HCV-RNA and showed continuously abnormal level of ALT. In 7 of 12 cases who became negative for HCV-RNA just after the treatment ended, HCV-RNA was detected again at first and 12th month after therapy. The ALT level were continuously abnormal in 4 of these 7 cases during and after the treatment, and became normal transiently in the other 3. In the 5 cases who became persistently negative (at least 1 year), ALT level decreased to normal or near-normal during follow up for more than one year. According to our results, we classified the therapeutic efficacy of IFN therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Type I response is complete response. In this type, HCV-RNA became negative persistently and ALT became normal or near-normal for at least 12 months after therapy. Type II is partial response. In this type, HCV-RNA became negative transiently and ALT level was transiently normal or poor. Type III is ineffective. In this type, HCV-RNA did not become negative and the effect for ALT was poor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Demonstration of YAC target cell lysis by murine granulated metrial gland cells.

Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are a consistently observed but poorly understood feature of the murine uterus during successful pregnancy. From morphological studies and antibody phenotyping it has been suggested that GMG cells may be members of the natural killer (NK) cell lineage. However, lysis of murine NK cell targets by GMG cells has not been observed although lysis of freshly dissociated trophoblast cells by GMG cells has been recorded using timelapse video. We failed to demonstrate significant interactions between migrating GMG cells, collected from explant cultures under previously reported cultures conditions, and YAC target cells. However, YAC cell lysis did occur if hrIL-2 was present throughout the periods of explant culture and lysis assay. Furthermore, lysis was enhanced if the pregnant females were treated with the interferon inducer poly I.C. 24 hr before metrial gland collection. GMG cells expressed perforin and serine protease mRNA. Consistent with the lysis experiments, expression of these genes was enhanced when the cells were incubated with hrIL-2. Our data provide further support for a relationship between GMG cells and NK cells, but do not establish a relationship of identity since hrIL-2, a growth factor sufficient for the culture of NK cells, cannot support growth or prolong survival of GMG cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Anchorage-independent growth and the expression of cellular proto-oncogenes in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and in human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.

The expression of multiple cellular proto-oncogenes and the in vitro anchorage-independent growth of normal human epidermal keratinocytes and several human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were studied and correlated. Squamous cell carcinoma cell lines KB, Si Ha, HEp-2, and Fa Du showed high anchorage independency, and MS 751 and A-253 cell lines had minimum independency. However, the normal keratinocytes and the A-431 cell line did not show anchorage-independent growth. Both the normal human epidermal keratinocytes and cancer cell lines expressed multiple proto-oncogenes such as src, erb B-1, abl, fos, raf, H-ras, and myc, and the amount of expression of these oncogenes was notably higher in the cancer cell lines than in the normal keratinocytes. The expression of proto-oncogenes from the monolayer cultures of the cancer cell lines is poorly correlated with the anchorage independency of the cells. These data indicate that the anchorage independency is not directly linked to the expression of specific cellular proto-oncogene(s) of the monolayer cancer cell cultures.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1991

Pathologic grief and its relationship to other psychiatric disorders.

The authors defined explicit criteria for the diagnosis of pathologic grief, and used the criteria to examine the relationship between pathologic grief and two disorders: major depression and anxiety disorders (panic and generalized anxiety), in a sample of 25 bereaved persons. Sixty-four percent of the sample met the criteria for pathologic grief. Pathologic grief was only significantly associated with major depressive disorder. It was also associated with high scores on dimensional measures of anxiety and depression. The most frequent complication of bereavement appeared to be an anxious subtype of major depressive disorder that occurred in conjunction with severe, prolonged separation distress.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Flow cytometric DNA content analysis of paraffin block embedded endometrial carcinomas.

Flow cytometry is being used as an aid in planning the treatment of patients with various malignancies. We report our experience with DNA content analysis on paraffin-embedded carcinomas. Hospital, radiation therapy, clinic, and pathology records were reviewed in 139 cases of endometrial carcinoma diagnosed between December 1980 and December 1986. Patients having Stage IV tumors, endometrial sarcomas, dual primary tumors, or incomplete records were eliminated from the analysis, which left 98 evaluable patients. This report outlines our experience with the first 20 patients. Five of 20 (25%) specimens demonstrated DNA content consistent with aneuploidy, median coefficient of variance of 5.3%. The median survival time of these five patients is 55 months, with three dying of cancer and one patient dying of other causes but with metastatic disease. The median %S phase was 3.7% in the 15 patients comprising the DNA content diploid population, median coefficient of variance 5.4%. No patient whose tumor showed S-phase cells below 3.7% died of endometrial cancer. Four of 7 patients developed recurrent cancer with 3 of the 4 patients dying of disease in the high %S phase group. The median patients survival time in the DNA content diploid population was 73 (range: 17-98) months. Patients with 3.7% or below S-phase cells had a median survival time of 75 (range: 40-98) months whereas the median survival time was 48 (range: 17-89) months for patients having a %S phase fraction above 3.7%. Although the number of patients studied is small, it appears that DNA content aneuploid tumors are frequently "upstaged" at surgery. These patients may not benefit from preoperative irradiation. Accurate determination of the %S phase fraction in DNA content diploid tumors may possibly identify patients with a poorer prognosis who may benefit from adjuvant therapy.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1991

Progression of coronary atherosclerosis: is coronary spasm related to progression?

A total of 239 patients undergoing serial coronary angiography with a concomitant ergonovine provocation test were studied between July 1974 and June 1987. The progression of coronary artery disease was evaluated in relation to risk factors, especially coronary artery spasm. Patients were classified into three groups: 1) new myocardial infarction group (39 patients); 2) progression without infarction group (90 patients); and 3) nonprogression group (110 patients). To assess how risk factors and coronary spasm are related to the occurrence of new myocardial infarction and progression without infarction, 11 variables in the three groups were examined: age, gender, the time interval between the studies, fasting blood sugar, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, smoking, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid and a positive response to the ergonovine provocation test. Multiple regression analysis selected three independent predictors of progression without infarction: cholesterol (p less than 0.01), systolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05) and a positive response to the ergonovine provocation test (p less than 0.001). Multiple regression analysis also selected three independent predictors of the occurrence of new myocardial infarction: fasting blood sugar (p less than 0.01), systolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05) and a positive response to the ergonovine provocation test (p less than 0.001). A positive response to the ergonovine provocation test was the strongest factor for occurrence of both new myocardial infarction and progression without infarction. To evaluate segmental arterial changes, 3,275 coronary artery segments were analyzed in the 239 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1991

Restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: pathologic observations in 20 patients.

Histopathologic examination was performed in 20 patients undergoing antemortem coronary angioplasty. Thirty-four lesions were dilated and the interval between coronary angioplasty and death ranged from several hours to 4 years. Intimal proliferation of smooth muscle cells, as a major cause of restenosis, was observed in 83% to 100% of 28 lesions examined 11 days to 2 years after coronary angioplasty. In 20 lesions examined within 6 months, proliferating smooth muscle cells were predominantly of the synthetic type and there was abundant extracellular matrix substance chiefly composed of proteoglycans. In eight lesions examined between 6 months and 2 years, contractile type smooth muscle cells were dominant and extracellular matrix was composed chiefly of collagen. In three lesions examined after 2 years, evidence of antemortem coronary angioplasty was hardly identifiable and these lesions were almost indistinguishable from conventional atherosclerotic plaque. These temporal changes in histologic pattern provide a pathologic background for clinical reports that restenosis is predominantly found within 6 months after coronary angioplasty. Morphometric analysis revealed that the extent of intimal proliferation was significantly greater in lesions with evidence of medial or adventitial tears than in lesions with no or only intimal tears.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Protein modification by phosphorylation during the process of nuclear membrane dissolution in puromycin-treated mouse oocytes.

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of nuclear membrane dissolution (NMD) in puromycin-treated mouse oocytes. Treatment of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) oocytes with puromycin (50 micrograms/ml) induced chromosome decondensation with formation of a polar body; these are designated nuclear membrane (NM) oocytes. After withdrawal of puromycin, NM oocytes underwent NMD (approximately 70%) during a 12-h culture period. Either dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP, 25-100 micrograms/ml) or isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX, 0.1-1.0 mM) inhibited the process of NMD in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of cAMP in the process of NMD. To determine which protein(s) participated in the transition from interphase to metaphase II during NMD, NM oocytes were labeled with [35S]methionine, and one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were performed. Although the synthesis of stage-specific proteins during NMD was not found, two specific proteins of Mr 27,000 and 46,000, which were synthesized at interphase following removal of puromycin, were modified during NMD. Phosphatase treatment and 32PO4-labeling experiments indicated that phosphorylation was responsible for these modifications, which were inhibited by either dbcAMP or IBMX. Therefore, it appears that phosphorylation of specific proteins may play an important role in the transition from interphase to metaphase II.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1991

Association of malignant lymphoma with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of three patients.

Three patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma are studied who had a prior history of malignant lymphoma. No common predisposing factors for the development of pancreatic adenocarcinoma were identified. We conclude that patients with malignant lymphoma who have new or persistent pancreatic masses must be evaluated for the possibility of a second primary neoplasm.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Phase II trial of pentostatin in refractory lymphomas and cutaneous T-cell disease.

Thirty-seven patients with refractory lymphoma or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma were treated with 2'-deoxycoformycin (pentostatin; dCF), 5 mg/m2 intravenous (IV) bolus for 3 consecutive days of every 3-week cycle in this Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) trial. Included were 25 with the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, three with Hodgkin's disease, eight with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), and one with unknown subtype, of whom 31 were considered eligible. The majority had failed at least two, but no more, conventional chemotherapy regimens. Ten (32%) of the eligible patients had a partial response (PR), including patients with nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic (NPDL), nodular mixed (NM), diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic (DPDL), or diffuse histiocytic (DH), lymphoma mixed-cellularity (MC), Hodgkin's disease, and unknown subtype, and in four patients with CTCL. The overall median time to treatment failure (TTF) was only 1.3 months, but the range extended to 57.3 months. The overall response duration was 16.0 months, and the range extended to 53.4 months. Overall median survival was 2.7 months, with the range extending to 63.2 months. The majority of patients had no toxicity, but there were some instances of severe or life-threatening events. Four fatal toxicities occurred, in two patients with underlying pulmonary conditions and two with prior cardiac histories. From this study, we conclude that dCF is active in refractory lymphomas and CTCLs, should be avoided in patients with a history of serious pulmonary or cardiac diseases, and warrants consideration for incorporation of a low-dosage schedule into conventional combination chemotherapy regimens, including its use with biologic response modifiers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Adrenergic mediation of the naloxone-induced GnRH release from hypothalami of ovariectomized, steroid-treated immature rats.

The present study examines the effect of naloxone on GnRH release in vitro under different steroid milieus. Naloxone (6.1 mumol/kg) administered 30 min before decapitation was highly effective in evoking GnRH release from superfused hypothalamic tissues derived from ovariectomized, estradiol- and progesterone-treated immature rats, while ineffective in altering GnRH release from intact, ovariectomized and vehicle- or estradiol-treated rats. To further explore the possible involvement of catecholamines in the naloxone-stimulated GnRH release, diethyldithiocarbamic acid (2.9 mmol/kg), an inhibitor of noradrenalin synthesis, was administered ip 30 min before naloxone injection into ovariectomized, estradiol- and progesterone-treated rats. Diethyldithiocarbamic acid markedly reduced the naloxone-evoked GnRH release, although it was ineffective in modifying the spontaneous release of GnRH. A blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptor with phenoxybenzamine significantly suppressed the naloxone-stimulated GnRH release, whereas treatment with propranolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker, failed to alter GnRH release. The present data suggest that the endogenous opioid peptide may participate in the regulation of GnRH release under a particular steroid milieu, and the inhibitory action of endogenous opioid peptide seems to require the mediation of adrenergic neurotransmission, presumably through alpha-adrenergic receptor.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1991

The sites of cleavage on Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase by dithiothreitol, Fe(III) and O2.

Native conformation of an enzyme molecule is required for the specific non-enzymatic cleavage of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase by a metal-catalyzing oxidation system comprised of dithiothreitol, Fe(III) and O2. The cleavage reaction is greatly inhibited by the addition of Mg(II). Two major cleavage sites are identified between amino acid residues 264 and 268, and roughly between amino acid residues 31 and 34, which are located on the protein segments forming the active site of the enzyme. These results suggest that the cleavage reaction is a largely site-specific process involving active oxygen species generated at the divalent cation binding sites on glutamine synthetase.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1991

[Angiography of silent myocardial ischemia].

From March 1986 through October 1987, elective diagnostic coronary angiography was performed in 1,542 consecutive patients. Among them, silent myocardial ischemia was investigated based on the histories in their medical questionnaires, the results of exercise stress tests and the presence of significant coronary artery stenosis. Exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia was documented only in 3% in the non-infarction group, and in 2.1% of those with significant coronary stenosis. However, asymptomatic post-infarction patients comprised 33%. With regard to the extent of coronary artery disease in the non-infarction group, one-, two- and three-vessel disease accounted for 42%, 29% and 29%, respectively (NS). However, one-vessel disease was predominant among the asymptomatic post-infarction patients (p < 0.01). Among the non-infarction group, those with asymptomatic coronary stenosis had a relatively high incidence of diabetes mellitus (p < 0.01), but such a difference was not significant among the asymptomatic post-infarction patients. Among the post-infarction group, many of those who had chest pain during exercise showed redistribution on exercise thallium scintigraphy. Angioplasty was performed in most of the patients in the asymptomatic group, but its long-term effects are yet unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[201Tl-reverse redistribution in a case with stunned myocardium].

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of chest pain. Electrocardiogram showed giant negative T waves in leads I, II, III, aVl, aVf and V2 through V6. Echocardiogram showed anterior wall motion abnormality. Rest-redistribution thallium scan obtained 3 days after admission revealed reverse redistribution in antero-apical area. Coronary angiogram showed no significant stenotic lesions and left ventriculogram in chronic stage showed improvement of wall motion abnormality. Repeat thallium scan in chronic stage showed disappearance of perfusion defect in apical area. It was difficult to diagnose myocardial viability in our case with stunned myocardium because rest-redistribution thallium scan showed reverse redistribution. As the mechanism of this finding, early coronary recanalization in acute stage of the event was suspected.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1990

Intraoperative imprint cytology: its significance as a diagnostic adjunct.

We retrospectively evaluated 664 specimens submitted for intraoperative frozen-section analysis for which cytologic imprints or smears were also prepared; 238 (36%) were malignant neoplasms. These preparations were retrospectively evaluated independently by three reviewers of varied experience in the detection of malignancy. The number of false-positive and false-negative results were recorded, and various assessment parameters (sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, and predictive value) were calculated. The imprint was of chief value as an adjunct to the frozen section, particularly in avoiding false-positive and, to a lesser extent, false-negative interpretations. Experience with the use of intraoperative cytology demonstrated the technique to be of value in providing abbreviated preparation time (3-5 min); supportive diagnostic information when frozen section was equivocal; diagnostic information when frozen-section evaluation could not be done (e.g., excessively small sample); contributory information for final diagnosis on difficult cases; and excellent teaching material for cytopathology.

Cytodiagnosis↗