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Biomedical subjects

K Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Kikuchi.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[A histologically-verified triple cancer--report of a rare case involving a primary brain tumor].

Histologically-verified triple cancers that include a malignant brain tumor are rare. According to the Japan Autopsy Annuals, only 8 cases since 1958 have been so far documented. A case combining a malignant melanoma, a medulloblastoma, and a thyroid cancer is herein presented, along with a review of the literature. In March, 1983, a 27-year-old female who, 7 years prior to admission, had had malignant melanoma on the right hand removed, complained of headaches and vertigo. A CT scan revealed a right cerebellar mass lesions, which subsequently proved to medulloblastoma. Three years later, a struma was found and subtotal thyroidectomy revealed a papillary adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical study of postoperative infection of gastrointestinal cancer. Randomized study of preventive efficacy of cefmetazole versus cephalothin in postoperative infection of gastric and colorectal cancer].

Effectiveness of prophylactic administration of cefmetazole (CMZ) (A) for postoperative infection was compared with that of cephalothin (B) using patients undergoing resection of gastric cancers or colorectal cancers as subjects in cooperation with 19 major hospitals in the Tohoku districts. Using the envelope method, each hospital allocated, at random, patients with each organ removed into groups A and B. Either drug was administrated at 4 g/day (in 2 divided doses) for 7 days. Registered patients with gastric cancers amounted to 114 in group A and 113 in group B; those with colorectal cancers were 63 each in groups A and B. As to background factors, advanced cancers were found more in group A with gastric cancers, and operations took more time on the average in this group; however, there were no significant differences in other factors between the 2 groups with gastric cancers and in the all factors between A and B groups with colorectal cancers. Rates of ineffective prophylaxis judged by physicians in charge were 3.9% and 21.0%, respectively, in groups A and B with gastric cancers, and 5.0% and 20.7%, respectively, in groups A and B with colorectal cancers. Rates of ineffective prophylaxis determined by committees were 16.7% and 31.0% among the former, and 8.3% and 29.3% among the latter, respectively. Ineffectiveness rates in group A with gastric cancers or colorectal cancers were significantly lower in all the evaluations, and CMZ was, therefore, comfirmed to have stronger efficacy.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1988

[A cooperative study of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (second report): 3-year survival rate. Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Japan].

To evaluate the efficacy of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer (excluding m and sm cancer), a randomized controlled study was performed from January 1982 to October 1983. The schedules for drug administration were different in four districts, and four randomly assigned protocols were studied using tegafur (FT), ACNU, MMC and ADM. A total of 4,906 cases from 491 institutions were entered and 4,206 cases were varied for the study. There were no significant differences in 3-year survival rate in each district protocol. According to Dukes C for rectal cancer patients, ADM + FT group was higher than the FT only group in 3-year survival rate (p = 0.092) and had a significantly longer survival than FT only group in 3-year disease-free rate (p = 0.011). The rate of local recidivation in colon cancer resected curatively was higher in ACNU + FT group than in FT only group (p less than 0.05). A tendency for decreased liver metastasis was observed in FT group compared with the control group, and liver metastasis of ADM + FT group was lower than that of FT only group. No serious adverse effects were observed in any protocol.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[The serum and tissue concentrations of tegafur, 5-fluorouracil and uracil in patients with gastric and colorectal cancers after oral administration of UFT].

Fifteen patients with stomach cancer and colorectal cancer were orally administered 600 mg of UFT before operation and the concentration of tegafur, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and uracil in the tissues and serum were measured by chemical assay. The mean 5-FU levels in tumor and lymph node were higher than those in normal tissues and were maintained in tumor for long time. Uracil level in tumor tissue was higher than in normal tissue with or without administration of UFT. Positive correlation between the concentration of uracil and 5-FU in the colorectal tumor with the correlation coefficient of 0.87 (p less than 0.01) was obtained.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

[Pulmonary manifestations of alveolar soft part sarcoma; bronchial arterial embolization for hemoptysis].

Alveolar soft part sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor arising in extremities. The universal tendency for late widespread metastasis to lung, bone and brain, make the treatment of this tumor a particular challenge. This time, we performed the intra-arterial infusion of MMC and bronchial arterial embolization by spongel for hemoptysis of this metastatic lung tumor. Rosenbaum has reported the characteristics of angiogram of the metastatic brain tumor. In our case, bronchial arteriography showed the manifest hypervascular pattern "rosary form," "pooling" and "B-P shunt." These findings should yield benefits for the diagnosis and treatment of this metastatic lung tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A case of spontaneous esophageal rupture treated with conservative therapy.

A 51 year-old male was admitted because of abrupt hematemesis and loss of consciousness. Emergency endoscopy depicted a giant esophageal ulcer on the left side extending from the middle intrathoracic region to the lower intrathoracic region. Esophagography, performed on the second day of admission, revealed a huge cavity (10 cm x 7 cm) filled with contrast medium resulting from a rupture in the ulceration. His state of shock improved with conservative therapy and no severe mediastinitis was noted. The drainage from the cavity into the lumen of the esophagus was considered to be acceptable from esophagography and an endoscopic examination. Secondary to his stable condition and continuous drainage, this patient was treated conservatively throughout his clinical course. The patient was given intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) until the 25th hospital day and was medicated with broad spectrum-antibiotics. On the 21st hospital day the size of the esophageal cavity was markedly decreased (7 cm x 2 cm). Only small irregular mucosa was noted on the esophagogram taken 6 weeks after admission. Six months after the onset, an X-ray examination revealed complete healing of the spontaneous esophageal rupture with no recurrence.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

[A case of malignant lymphoma, an anemone cell tumor of the leg, arising from osteomyelitis].

An 80-year-old man, complaining of multiple fungating growth on his right leg, was hospitalized. A review of his previous history revealed that he had undergone three operations because of repeating osteomyelitis. A clinical examination showed that a tumor was localized on the right leg. Light microscopy revealed that tumor was composed of diffuse large round cell proliferations. Malignant lymphoma was suspected, but was difficult to distinguish in the undifferentiated carcinoma. Electron microscopically, extensive cytoplasmic processes resembling microvilli from the circumferential surface membrane were observed, but desmosomes, tonofilaments, secretory products or basal lamina were not seen. Immunohistochemically, IgG was demonstrated on the tumor cells. These findings led us to diagnoses an anemone cell tumor, originating from a malignant lymphoma and arising from osteomyelitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Cytotoxic T cell clones against human autologous cancers: analysis of target antigen and the mechanism of specific target cell destruction.

The human autologous pair of a cytotoxic T cell clone and tumor line could be very useful for the investigation of the specific destruction of autologous tumor cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), including analysis for tumor-specific antigen possibly of the rejection type, clonotypic T cell antigen receptors and biochemical characteristics of the cytotoxic molecules produced from CTL. We established such a pair of autologous specific CTL clone TcHMC-1 and target clone HMC-1-8 that were derived from the metastatic pleural effusion of a patient with mammary carcinoma. TcHMC-1 showed more than 60% specific cytotoxicity against HMC-1-8, and it was confirmed, using cold target inhibition assays, that this clone did not demonstrate nonspecific cytotoxicity against a allogeneic targets as well as the natural killer (NK) cell activity. We also confirmed the in vivo action of TcHMC-1 against HMC-1-8 cells by the Winn assay in nude mice. Using anti-CD3, 4, and 8 as well as anti-class I monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), it was demonstrated that T cell antigen receptor molecule complexes Ti/T3 on TcHMC-1 and corresponding specific tumor antigens on HMC-1-8 are involved in the cytotoxicity under the restriction of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I products. We developed mAb 3A2 reacting with the specific antigens on HMC-1-8 that could play an important role in this autologous pair. This mAb inhibited selectively the cytotoxic action of TcHMC-1 against HMC-1-8, and identified a molecule with approximately 92 kd m.w. 3A2-defined antigen was highly expressed on autologous primary breast carcinoma tissue, but not on normal mammary gland in the same patient. Moreover, this antigen can be detected on approximately 50% of human allogeneic breast carcinomas, but not on other neoplastic cells except for 1 out of 10 prostatic carcinomas. It was also suggested that 3A2-defined antigen is not murine mammary tumor virus-related antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A case of colonic polypoid ganglioneuromatosis--a light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical study].

A 68-year-old man with colonic polypoid ganglioneuromatosis is reported. He had manifested no signs and symptoms of von Recklinghausen's disease and/or a multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome. A single polyp was found by a barium enema and an endoscopic polypectomy was performed. Light microscopy showed the propria mucosa of the polyp was composed of a proliferation of spindle cells with a fibrillar cytoplasma and large cells with a round large nucleus, a prominent nucleolus, and vast cytoplasm. Some crypts were slightly dilated. Random biopsied specimens from the colonic normal mucosa showed focal proliferation of only the spindle cells. Electron microscopically, the spindle cells consisted of Schwann cells forming neurites, and large cells that coincided with the features of ganglion cells. Immunohistochemically, the localization of neuron specific enolase was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of these cells. These findings led to a diagnosis of colonic polypoid ganglioneuromatosis, and the pertinent literature is reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Phase II study of carboplatin in head and neck cancer].

To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of carboplatin for head and neck cancer, a phase II study was conducted in 21 institutions. Eighty-eight patients were entered into this trial, of which 70 were evaluable. Carboplatin was administered intravenously over 0.5-1 hr at the dose of 400 mg/m2 in good risk cases and 300 mg/m2 in poor risk cases. One patient achieved complete response(CR) and 13 achieved partial response(PR) with an overall response rate of 20%. In terms of response by histology, the response rate was 22% in cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The response rate was 26% in previously untreated patients and 16% in previously treated patients. One CR and 2 PR were achieved in 14 patients with prior cisplatin treatment. Toxicity was observed in 47% of the 70 evaluable patients. Nausea and vomiting were the most common toxicity observed (36%) followed by anorexia in 27%. Concerning hematologic toxicity, thrombocytopenia was noted in 32% and leukopenia in 29%. Elevation of BUN and creatinine was observed in only 2 cases and 1 case, respectively. It was concluded that carboplatin suggested activity similar to cisplatin, and also could be safely used at the outpatient level.

Adult↗