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Biomedical subjects

K Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Kikuchi.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The role of the Na, K-ATPase inhibitor in renal sodium handling in patients with essential hypertension].

The present study aimed to elucidate the role of Na, K-ATPase inhibitor in renal sodium metabolism in essential hypertension. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate(HR), urine volume (UV), urinary excretion of sodium (UNaV), endogenous creatinine clearance (Ccr), fractional excretion of sodium (FENa), plasma renin activity(PRA) plasma aldosterone concentration(PAC), plasma noradrenaline concentration (PNA) and urinary excretion of noradrenaline(UNA) were measured before and after intravenous injection of ouabain (0.1 mg/m2.BSA) in 12 normotensive(NT) and 22 mild-to-moderate essential hypertensive subjects(EHT). Following ouabain injection, UV, UNaV FENa significantly increased, but PRA decreased, in both NT and EHT. MAP, HR, Ccr, PNA, and UNA did not change significantly in either group. On the other hand, a significant decrease in PAC was observed in NT, but not in EHT. The changes of UNaV and FENa were significantly attenuated in EHT as compared to NT. No significant difference in change of MAP, HR, UV, Ccr, PNA, UNA, or PRA was demonstrated between NT and EHT. A significantly positive correlation was found between delta UNaV and delta FENa in both NT and EHT, while no significant correlation was observed between delta UNaV and delta MAP, delta UV, delta Ccr, delta PRA, delta PAC, delta PNA and delta UNA in either group. These results suggest that 1) Na, K-ATPase inhibitor clearly augments natriuresis by suppression of sodium reabsorption in renal tubules, 2) since this augmentation was attenuated, there is an elevation of endogenous Na, K-ATPase inhibitor(s) should be considered in EHT, and 3) an increase of the inhibitor might participate to the hypertensive mechanism in EHT.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Tracheobronchial reconstruction of malignant tumors].

To August, 1988, we performed tracheobronchial reconstruction for 159 patients with malignant tumors. Operative methods in these patients and the operative results studied in the end of March, 1989, was reported. As for adenoid cystic carcinoma, we stressed, by illustrating cases, that postoperative radiation therapy was useful and that it should be given for all patients with this disease. About one half of patients with thyroid carcinoma infiltrating the trachea died of symptoms related with tracheal stenosis. However, tracheobronchial reconstruction improved 10 year survival rate in patients with advanced thyroid carcinoma remarkably, which became close to that in patients with non-infiltrating thyroid carcinoma. As for lung cancer, tracheobronchial reconstruction had good indication for squamous cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of dietary polyamines and alpha-difluoromethylornithine on regulation of intestinal Na+/H+ exchanger.

Polyamines are compounds required for initiation of rapid cellular growth and differentiation in many cell types. Ornithine decarboxylase is the rate limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis. Fasting and refeeding regulates the activity of ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine content in the intestinal tract. We tested the hypothesis that polyamines regulate cell growth via the Na+/H+ exchanger which is believed to be intimately involved in cell growth. Ileal Na+/H+ activity was therefore examined in control, fasted, refed fasted, and in rats given the specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase alpha-difluoromethylornithine. A well-validated ileal brush border membrane vesicles for the study of Na+/H+ exchange activity was utilized. Fasting markedly decreased while refeeding stimulated Na+/H+ exchange activity at all times studied (P less than 0.05-0.001). Maximal uptake of Na+ at 5 min was 3.12 +/- 0.05, 2.5 +/- 0.05 and 2.22 +/- 0.05 nmol/mg protein in refed, control and fasted rats respectively. Kinetics of amiloride sensitive Na+/H+ exchanger showed a Vmax of 17.1 +/- 3.5, 8.0 +/- 0.64 and 4.7 +/- 1.1 nmol/mg protein per 5 s in refed fasted, control and fasted rats respectively Km values were not significantly different between the groups studied. 2% alpha-difluoromethylornithine given in the drinking water abolished the stimulation in Na+/H+ exchange activity in refed fasted rats. These results suggest a close relationship between polyamines and Na+/H+ activity in the intestinal mucosa of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of induced hypotension on damage to renal tubular cells].

Urinary excretion of renal tubular cell enzymes, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) was evaluated to elucidate the renal cell damage before, during and after the induced hypotension with trimetaphan (TMP), nitroglycerin (TNG) and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) under halothane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthesia in patients undergoing neurosurgery. Significant increases in excretion of NAG and gamma-GTP were observed in TNG group. Urinary excretion of these two enzymes in TMP group tended to increase, but its increases were not statistically significant. In PGE1 treated group, there was no tendency for urinary NAG excretion, while gamma-GTP excretion tended to decrease compared with that observed before the induced hypotension. Among these three drugs, TNG exerted the most significant effect on urinary excretion of both enzymes and TMP ranked next. Effect of PGE1 on urinary enzyme excretion was weakest. According to the general opinions, degree in stray of renal tubular cell enzyme into urine is thought to parallel with the injury of renal tubular cells. Therefore, the finding obtained in this study suggests that the induced hypotension with PGE1 has a less harmful effect on renal tubular cells.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

[The effects of intravenous infused magnesium on hemodynamics and renal water-sodium metabolism in patients with essential hypertension].

Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine volume (UV), urinary excretion of sodium (UNaV), endogenous creatinine clearance (Ccr), fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) were measured before and after intravenous infusion of 10% magnesium sulfate (an initial dose: Mg 13.5 mg/m2.BSA/15 min; a maintenance dose: Mg 2.7 mg/m2.BSA/105 min) in 6 normotensive subjects (NT) and 12 mild-to-moderate essential hypertensives (EHT). Following magnesium infusion, serum magnesium concentration (s-Mg) increased and reached the level of about 1.8 times basal value. Significant increases of UV, UNaV and FENa in both NT and EHT, and a similar tendency of Ccr in EHT were observed, while no significant change in MAP nor HR was found in the two groups. The changes in UNaV (delta UNaV) were positively correlated with those in FENa (delta FENa) and a similar tendency was shown between delta UNaV and change in Ccr (delta Ccr) in all subjects. While there was no significant percentage change of s-Mg (% delta s-Mg) nor of Ccr (% delta Ccr), those of UNaV (% delta UNaV) and FENa (% delta FENa) were significantly greater in EHT. It is concluded from these findings that magnesium infusion produces diuresis and the natriuresis which might result from suppression of renal tubular reabsorption of sodium, without any change in systemic hemodynamics in NT and EHT. The pronounced natriuretic response to magnesium in EHT might contribute to the hypotensive mechanism of magnesium loading in EHT.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on proliferation of the cells derived from the root resorbing tissue of human deciduous teeth].

The resorption of the roots of deciduous teeth is a physiological phenomenon. Many morphological and histological investigations of the root resorption have been reported. However little biochemical data concerning systemic factors in it are available. In this study, cell culture derived from the root resorbing tissue of human deciduous teeth was tried and the effect of EGF on that cell was examined. The dissected root resorbing tissue from human deciduous teeth was cultured in a medium containing 10% fetal calf serum in a humidified incubator at an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air at 37 degrees C. The outgrowing cells from root resorbing tissue were a mixed population of mesenchymal cells and epithelial cells during the early stage of cultivation, but at the later stage they changed to morphologically single population. The mesenchymal cells seemed to be derived from the dental sac and the epithelial cells from the enamel organ or the oral mucoepithelium. These cells seemed to be useful for analysis of the systemic factors in the root resorption. The effect of EGF on the proliferation of cells obtained as stated above was examined. EGF markedly stimulated DNA synthesis about by a factor of 6.9 for the mesenchymal cells and by a factor of 3.4 for the epithelial cells. These results suggested that EGF participates in the root resorption of human deciduous teeth.

Epidermal Growth Factor↗
PubMed1989

[Massive intracerebral hemorrhage due to convexity meningioma].

Intracranial meningioma usually present with the typical symptomatology of a progressive neurological deficit. Sudden spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage from an asymptomatic meningioma is exceedingly rare. A case of 81-year-old woman with convexity meningioma manifested suddenly by massive intracerebral hemorrhage is reported with the findings of computed tomography and angiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[New classification and analysis of lung sounds].

Recently, classification and nomenclature of lung sounds has been changed from assessment based on subjective interpretation to assessment based on objective, measureable criteria related to mechanisms of sound generation. The adventitious sounds was classified to four kinds of principal terms, continuous adventitious sounds (wheezes, rhonchi) and discontinuous adventitious sounds (coarse crackles, fine crackle) at the 1985 International Symposium on Lung Auscultation. Lung sounds in the surgical patients were digitized for the analysis of both the time domain and the frequency domain which had been recorded by tape recorder. Rhonchi, fine crackle and tracheal stenotic sounds were characterized by the analysis of the frequency domain. Lung sound analysis is promising because it is safe, non invasive and may be used for clinical studies in the surgical patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Contact thermography as a prognostic indicator of breast cancer].

Ninety-seven primary, operable cancer patients were followed after surgery with a median follow-up of 44 months. Thermograms were classified into 3 categories: normal, equivocal and abnormal. There has been no recurrence in patients with normal thermographic pattern. Patients with abnormal thermographic pattern showed poor prognosis: 88% survival and 80% recurrence-free survival rate at 3 years. Normal thermographic pattern favored the survival curves and recurrence-free survival curves, even if stratified by nodal states. There seems to be no correlation between thermographic patterns and sites of recurrence, but patients with abnormal thermographic patterns tend to have recurrences at more than one site.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Expression of cell surface transformation-associated antigens TAAs on activated oncogene-transfected rat fibroblast and antitumor immunity by hosts].

The key point in this study was that the cell surface antigens in the events of transformation were analyzed using the same clonal-derived nontransformed cell and various oncogenes. WKA rat fetus-derived fibroblast line, WFB, showed the strict non-transformant phenotypes. Transfection of EJras and polyoma middle T oncogenes into WFB resulted in the acquisition of tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. The newly expressed cell-surface antigens on some transformants were analyzed using four monoclonal antibodies (Moabs) (#109, #061, #081 and #067) that were produced after immunization of BALB/c mice with EJ-ras-transformed WFB clone, W31 and W14. #109 recognized a glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain with 86 KD. This antigen was also expressed in the FJ ras transformants of Fisher rat fetus-derived 3Y1 fibroblast, FTL43 rat T lymphoma, SP56 rat gliosarcoma, and ca. 16th-day embryo. #061 could react with WFB transformants, but not with fetus. Furthermore, these two antigens are expressed on TGF-beta-stimulated WFB. However, #109 but not #061 is expressed on PDGF-stimulated WFB, indicating that #109 expression does not require the transforming process. It is also indicated that these two antigens act as target structures in the Natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity assay. #081 could react with WFB transformants but not with FTL43, SP56 and 3Y1 ras transformants, suggesting a limited expression of #081 defined antigen on WFB transformants. #067 reacted with W31 but not with W14. This antigen is expressed on 5 clones out of approximately 40 highly tumorigenic WFB ras transformed clones. We also analyzed the expression dynamics of these TAAs during the morphological reversion of W31 to parental WFB using cAMP analogues such as dibutylic cAMP. The data indicated that, although W31 cells were reversed morphologically to WFB, the level of #109 antigen expression was not changed. #061 and #081 defined antigens were reduced by cAMP treatment for 4-5 days. However, it is of interest that #067-defined antigen expression was greatly enhanced during the morphological reversion of W31 to WFB by cAMP. This was also true when W31 was treated with 1% FCS for 5 days and heat shock, suggesting that this antigen is a heat shock-related protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical management of squamous-cell carcinomas arising in burn scar of the scalp].

A series of seven patients with squamous-cell carcinoma that arose in the area of an old scalp burn is presented, and the patient's profiles, surgical procedures and results are reviewed. In six patients, burn scar of the scalp caused by direct exposure to fire in their infancy was a pathogenesis underlying the development of the malignancy, and the time interval was estimated to be an average of 53 years. In five patients there was evidence of intracranial invasion of the carcinoma involving the dura mater and cerebral parenchyma, as revealed by neuroradiological examinations and surgery. All patients were treated by extensive excision of the lesion, and to cover defects of the scalp and cranium, a variety of reconstructive techniques were used involving advancement, transposition or free latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps combined with microvascular anastomosis. Radiochemotherapy was undertaken additionally in some patients either before or after surgery. Complete excision was accomplished in two patients, in whom the carcinoma was found localized within the layer of the scalp or in the depth of the periosteum. The survival time in these patients ranged from 73 to 87 months. In contrast, incomplete resection was performed in the remaining five patients, in whom the dura mater had been invaded with simultaneous involvement of the middle part of the superior sagittal sinus. The outcome resulted in poor prognosis, and all the patients except one died in 9 to 24 months after surgery due to continuous growth of the tumor in the intracranial cavity. Therefore, total resection facilitated by early detection prior to intracranial invasion is mandatory for successful treatment of such scalp carcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Biological and biochemical characteristics of the oral spirochetes isolated from the focus of marginal periodontitis].

Since they are found to be increased in lesions of acute necrotic ulcerative gingivitis or marginal periodontitis, agents for these diseases. In the present study, 38 pure cultured strains were obtained as a result of isolation and culture of samples collected from lesions of marginal periodontitis (periodontal pokets), and the biological and biochemical characteristics of these strains were investigated. 1) Light microscopy (including dark-field microscopy) and transmission electron microscopy (negative staining) were used for observation of the morphology and cellular structure of the strains. The cells had a spiral shape, and showed active movement. Based on the above findings the cultured strains were all confirmed to be spirochetes of small to medium size, being 0.08-0.24 micron in width. 2) Growth and motility of the strains were investigated on various types of culture medium. Intense growth and movement were noted in strains cultured in bovine liver exudate medium containing horse serum (pH 7.2) at 37 degrees C under anaerobic conditions produced by the evacuation-replacement method (95% N2, 5% CO2) for 3-7 days after inoculation. 3) Thirty-five strains were positive for indole production and decomposition of urea, mucin, hippuric acid and esculin. Production of hydrogen sulfied was observed in 31 strains. In decomposition tests for 17 carbohydrates, 17 strains were positive for galactose and 14 strains were positive for glucose, while 11 strains were positive for dextrin and 10 strains for fructose upon decomposition of soluble starch. Other carbohydrates were also decomposed by a few strains. 4) In an investigation of the production of alcohol and lower fatty acids, among the metabolic products detected by gas chromatography, a large amount of acetic acid and small amounts of ethanol, lactic acid, propionic acid, pyruvic acid were observed. 5) The results of enzyme activity tests using an API ZYM system indicated relatively high activities of esterase, esterase-lipase, alpha-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, trypsin and acid phosphatase.

Periodontitis↗
PubMed1989

Effects of nisoldipine on sympathetic activity, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and water-sodium-calcium metabolism in patients with essential hypertension.

The effects of nisoldipine (Bay k 5552), a long-acting Ca2+ antagonist, on sympathetic activity, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system, the renal metabolism of water and electrolytes, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were investigated following single dose and 4 weeks administration. The administration of nisoldipine led to the following results: 1. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) fell and heart rate slightly increased after the first dose, but did not show any appreciable change over 4 weeks treatment. 2. The urinary excretion of sodium, fractional excretion of sodium, plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma noradrenaline concentration (pNA) were elevated initially, but the trend was to return to pretreatment levels after 4 weeks treatment. 3. A decrease in plasma aldosterone concentration was observed from the commencement of treatment. 4. Urinary excretion of calcium, fractional excretion of calcium and 24-h urine volume (UV) increased from the beginning, and maintained elevated levels after 4 weeks treatment. A decrease in body weight was also observed. 5. Plasma Ca2+ concentration did not change significantly throughout the treatment period, but PTH was decreased significantly both after 1 week and 4 weeks. 6. The percent changes in MAP (% delta MAP) after 4 weeks showed a significant negative correlation with pretreatment levels of MAP and the increment of UV (delta UV), as well as a positive correlation with pretreatment PRA or pNA levels. These findings suggest that in addition to its direct vasodilative effect, suppression of sympathetic activity and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, reduction in body fluid and sodium, and a decrease in PTH and the related calciuresis may contribute to the hypotensive mechanism of nisoldipine.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A training system for first and solo assistants in microsurgery.

1. A system to train nurses to be first and solo assistants of microsurgery has been practiced in our hospital for the past 13 years. 2. Under our unique weekly rotation system, nurses are educated to be all-around nurses. Microsurgical assistance is only one of approximately eight sections of the rotation. 3. Under this system, nurses can become extremely efficient solo assistants after 3 years.

Cataract Extraction↗