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Biomedical subjects

K Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Kikuchi.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Correlations between the coefficient of variation of RR intervals and sympathetic nerve activity following superior tilting in normotensive subjects and in patients with essential hypertension].

The relationship between changes in sympathetic nerve activity and those in parasympathetic tone with a change in position was investigated in patients with essential hypertension using the coefficient of variation of RR intervals on electrocardiograms (CVRR). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), plasma noradrenaline concentration (pNA) and CVRR were measured in a supine position at rest and 20 min after having the head tilted 60 degrees superiorly in 10 normotensives (NT: 51.9 +/- 3.0 yrs) and 7 essential hypertensive patients (EHT: 51.0 +/- 2.8 yrs). After changing the position, CVRR decreased significantly in the NT, but not in the EHT; whereas, significant increases of both HR and pNA without significant changes in MAP were shown in both groups. A significant negative correlation between percentage changes in CVRR (% delta CVRR) and pNA (% delta pNA) were observed in the NT, but not in the EHT. However, there was no relationship of % delta CVRR to % delta MAP or to % delta HR in either group. It was suggested from the changes in CVRR that suppression of the parasympathetic tone, which occurs in the NT group corresponding to sympathetic augmentation to present a decrease in blood pressure with a change in position, may be impaired in the EHT group.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1991

Hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium: report of a successful resection with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass.

Hepatocellular carcinoma with a tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium has been considered beyond the reach of resection. These patients usually die within a short period because of pulmonary embolism, heart failure, or cancer progression. The only treatment is hepatic resection with removal of the tumor thrombus. A 38-year-old woman underwent left lobectomy with removal of the tumor thrombus with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient had an uneventful course and is doing well 15 months after surgery, without signs of recurrence. We have proved that hepatic resection with removal of a tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium can be carried out successfully. The next problem is whether the lives of these patients can be prolonged by this operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Therapeutic guide line for hemoptysis].

We report the result of treatment for thirty-two patients whose chief complaint was hemoptysis and represent the therapeutic guide line for hemoptysis. In thirty-two cases, there were twenty men and twelve women and average of age was fifty-two years old. Twenty-nine of them were chronic lung diseases such as tuberculosis and bronchiectasis and only three cases have malignant tumors. Two of them recovered with conservative therapy and bronchial arteriography (BAG) have been performed in thirty patients in order to determine the bleeding foci, BAG was failed in two cases, but these two cases have been recovered with following up, BAG was succeeded in twenty-eight cases and twelve cases of them could not been determined the bleeding foci by angiography and could be controlled using hemostatic and antibiotic agents. Embolization of bronchial arteries with gelatin sponge have been performed in sixteen cases and made success in eleven cases. In ten of these cases, BAE was effective less than two times. Only one of silicosis with restrictive lung function was considered contraindication of surgery and recovered by three times of BAE. Four cases of five uneffective BAE (rebleeding after two times of BAE) have been treated by operation in good course. But one case complicated with WPW syndrome has died because of aspiration pneumonia without operation. In our institute, the rate of operation for hemoptysis was low as 13% of thirty-two cases. In order to consider the indication of surgery, bronchial arteriography was essential to determine bleeding foci and BAE was effective in over 80% of hemoptysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bronchial Arteries↗
PubMed1991

[Cooperative study of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (third report): five-year results. Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer in Japan].

A randomized controlled study was carried out by the envelope method with 491 institutions in participation across the country in order to find an optimal surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for curatively resected colorectal cancer. The schedules for drug administration were different in four districts: ACNU + Futraful (FT) group and FT alone group in the Hokkaido-Shikoku district; the same schedule groups plus untreated group in the Chubu-Kinki district; MMC+FT group, FT alone group in the Tohoku-Kanto district; and ADM+FT group and FT alone group in the Chugoku-Kyushu district. The numbers of patients admitted to this study were 2,450 cases with colon cancer and 2,456 cases met the evaluation criteria of this study. The 5-year survival rate on the whole did not differ from combination therapy to single drug therapy in either colon cancer or rectal cancer, but in Dukes C rectal cancer the five-year survival rate tended to be higher with the combination therapies. In n2 (+) or a2(s) rectal cancer in particular, combination therapies with MMC and FT and with ADM and FT achieved significantly higher five-year survival rate, and the rate of local recurrence was significantly lower with ADM+FT.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Surgical treatment of advanced thyroid carcinoma invading the trachea.

Operative methods, in relation to the completeness of resection and surgical results, and postoperative complications, in relation to operative methods, were discussed in 60 patients with advanced thyroid carcinoma in whom tumor invading the trachea was resected along with thyroid carcinoma. Laryngotracheal anastomosis was performed in 41 patients and tracheotracheal anastomosis in 19 patients. Complete resection was performed in 22 patients in the former group and in 12 patients in the latter group. Three-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates in patients undergoing complete resection were 87.0%, 78.1%, and 78.1%, respectively. Those for patients undergoing incomplete resection were 64.9%, 43.7%, and 24.3%, respectively. The locations of remaining tumor were the tracheal stump in patients in whom resection was incomplete. In four patients with esophageal invasion, the muscular layer of the esophagus was resected. Three of these patients had good postoperative results. Postoperative complications consisted of stenosis at the anastomosis in two patients, temporary mis-swallowing in three patients, temporary lower pharyngeal stenosis in one patient, temporary vocal cord edema in one patient, and tetany in two patients.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

[Cancer metastasis and recurrence from the standpoint of amplification and expression of oncogenes in human malignant tumors].

We investigated the amplification and expression of oncogenes in human malignant tumors. The survival rates of patients with c-erbB, c-erbB-2, and int-2 oncogene amplification/expression were significantly lower than those of the patients without gene amplification/expression. Many distant organ metastases were observed in esophageal cancer patients with int-2 amplification, in gastric cancer patients with c-erbB-2 over-expression, and in breast cancer patients with int-2 and c-erbB-2 amplification. These results suggest that the amplification/expression of these oncogenes may serve as good markers for determining the biological malignancy of cancers.

Gene Amplification↗
PubMed1991

[Tracheal surgery to preserve or improve pulmonary and laryngeal functions].

One hundred and two patients underwent tracheal surgery to preserve or improve pulmonary and laryngeal functions. For pre- and post-operative functional examinations of tracheal stenotic patients, the flow volume curve and frequency analysis of tracheal stenotic sounds were very useful. As a results of tracheal surgery in 76 malignant cases, vocal cord stenosis due to bilateral laryngeal nerve paralysis was occurred in 21 patients. For vocal cord stenosis, T tube insertion was very effective and we were able to close the orifice of tracheostomy in 11 out of 15 cases by this method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Reconstruction and its prognosis in patients undergoing resection of tracheal bifurcation].

Seventeen resections of tracheal bifurcation were performed: 12 for bronchogenic carcinoma, 2 for primary neoplasm of the trachea, one each for pulmonary sarcoma, inflammatory lesion and metastatic thyroid carcinoma. We performed carinal reconstruction in eight patients, sleeve pneumonectomy in eight patients and wedge pneumonectomy in one. In patients undergoing carinal reconstruction, there were 2 operative deaths and six patients survived over five years after the operation. However, in patients undergoing sleeve (wedge) pneumonectomy, there were 3 operative deaths, four patients died from 3 months to 7 months, and only two patients survived 5 years after the operation. Carinal resection with pneumonectomy had poorer prognosis than carinal reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A monoclonal antibody (8H3) that binds to rat T lineage cells and augments in vitro proliferative responses.

A murine monoclonal antibody, designated 8H3, recognizes a cell surface antigen expressed exclusively on rat T lineage cells. 8H3 antibody immunoprecipitated 180-, 120-, and 90-kD components from rat thymocytes as well as splenic T cells under nonreducing conditions. 8H3 antibody specifically inhibited the binding of thymocytes to fibronectin. Furthermore, binding of rat thymocytes to immobilized synthetic peptide Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Cys-BSA was inhibited by 8H3 antibody as was Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Cys, but not by Gly-Arg-Ala-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys or Gly-Arg-Gly-Glu-Ser-Pro. Crosslinking of 8H3 antigen on double-negative thymocytes and adult thymocytes, as well as splenic T lymphocytes by 8H3 antibody and F(ab')2 fragments of goat antibodies to mouse immunoglobulin, led to an increase in the concentration of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ due to the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores as well as the influx of Ca2+ from extracellular sources. Expression of interleukin 2 receptor and subsequently cell proliferation was observed upon incubation of thymocytes and splenic T cells with 8H3 antibody. Furthermore, 8H3 antibody induced the proliferation of double-negative thymocytes. These data collectively indicated that a cell surface antigen, 8H3, is involved in not only cell adhesion but also involved in the expression of immature as well as mature thymocytes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Phosphorylation sites linked to glial filament disassembly in vitro locate in a non-alpha-helical head domain.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the intermediate filament component of astroglial cells, can serve as an excellent substrate for both cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C, in vitro. GFAP phosphorylated by each protein kinase does not polymerize, and the filaments that do polymerize tend to depolymerize after phosphorylation. Dephosphorylation of phospho-GFAP by phosphatase led to a recovery of the polymerization competence of GFAP. Most of the phosphorylation sites for cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C on GFAP are the same, Ser-8, Ser-13, and Ser-34. cAMP-dependent protein kinase has one additional phosphorylation site, Thr-7. All the sites are located within the amino-terminal non-alpha-helical head domain of GFAP. These observations pave the way for in vivo studies on organization of glial filaments.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of tubular function in neonates using urinary beta 2-microglobulin.

Renal proximal tubular function was assessed in neonates by measuring urinary beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) concentrations on days 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28. Values were elevated in stable preterm low-birthweight (LBW) neonates but not in stable term LBW neonates, suggesting that proximal tubular maturation is related to gestational age rather than birthweight. The urinary beta 2M was significantly increased on day 1 in neonates with the meconium aspiration syndrome but was not significantly different from normal subsequently. This indicated that although the proximal tubular cells may be susceptible to perinatal hypoxia, they maintain a remarkable capacity to recover in a relatively short period. Neonates with transient tachypnoea of the newborn had normal urinary levels of beta 2M indicating their renal tubular function was not impaired.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1990

A correlation between serum immunosuppressive acidic protein and altered immunocompetence in patients with brain tumours.

The present investigation was conducted to document a correlation between the serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and depressed lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogens in vitro in patients with intracranial tumours, and to delineate the possible roles of IAP upon immunocompetence in these patients. It was thought that high concentrations of IAP present in the serum of brain-tumour patients may play a significant role in the immunosuppression seen in this patient population. The effect of IAP upon mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte function was evaluated by tritiated (3H)-thymidine incorporation. Lymphocytes from both 30 patients with intracranial tumours and 30 normal individuals were incubated for 90 hours in culture medium in the presence of three mitogens: phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Lymphocytes obtained from patients with brain tumours and cultured in autologous serum displayed a significant depression of 3H-thymidine incorporation, as was observed in previous studies. In addition, a significant suppression of mitogen-induced activation of the normal lymphocytes was demonstrated in the presence of allogeneic patients' serum and the percentage of inhibition was found significantly proportional to the IAP concentrations. Furthermore it was also demonstrated that increased levels of serum IAP could significantly correlate with two in vivo aspects of impaired cellular immunity: the decreased lymphocyte counts in the peripheral blood and diminished cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity reactions measured by purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test reactivity. On the other hand, an attempt was also made to investigate changes in humoral immunity and immunoglobulin concentrations were observed not to correspond to the serum IAP levels. These studies suggest a possible connection between serum IAP levels and altered cellular immune competence in brain-tumour patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Ontogeny of the Na(+)-H+ exchanger in rat ileal brush-border membrane vesicles.

The developmental maturation of Na(+)-H+ antiporter was determined using a well-validated brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV's) technique. Na+ uptake represented transport into an osmotically sensitive intravesicular space as evidenced by an osmolality study at equilibrium. An outwardly directed pH gradient (pH inside/pH outside = 5.2/7.5) significantly stimulated Na+ uptake compared with no pH gradient conditions at all age groups; however, the magnitude of stimulation was significantly different between the age groups. Moreover, the imposition of greater pH gradient across the vesicles resulted in marked stimulation of Na+ uptake which increased with advancing age. Na+ uptake represented an electroneutral process. The amiloride sensitivity of the pH-stimulated Na+ uptake was investigated using [amiloride] 10(-2)-10(-5) M. At 10(-3) M amiloride concentration, Na+ uptake under pH gradient conditions was inhibited 80, 45, and 20% in BBMV's of adolescent, weanling and suckling rats, respectively. Kinetic studies revealed a Km for amiloride-sensitive Na+ uptake of 21.8 +/- 6.4, 24.9 +/- 10.9 and 11.8 +/- 4.17 mM and Vmax of 8.76 +/- 1.21, 5.38 +/- 1.16 and 1.99 +/- 0.28 nmol/mg protein/5 sec in adolescent, weanling and suckling rats, respectively. The rate of pH dissipation, as determined by the fluorescence quenching of acridine orange, was similar across membrane preparation of all age groups studied. These findings suggest for the first time the presence of an ileal brush-border membrane Na(+)-H+ antiporter system in all ages studied. This system exhibits changes in regard to amiloride sensitivity and kinetic parameters.

Amiloride↗