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Biomedical subjects

K Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Kikuchi.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effects of thyroid hormone on carbonic anhydrase I levels in human erythroid (YN-1) cells.

We recently have reported that patients with hyperthyroidism have red blood cell carbonic anhydrase I (CAI) levels that reflect the patient's integrated thyroid hormone level over the preceding few months. In the present study, the effect of T3 on CAI concentrations in the human erythroleukemic cell line, YN-1, was studied. The presence of high affinity (1.9 x 10(9) L/mol), low capacity (20.4 fmol/10(6) cells) T3 binding sites was demonstrated in YN-1 cell nuclei. T3 at a physiological free T3 concentration (0.54 nmol/L) significantly (32 +/- 7%, P < 0.01) decreased CAI concentrations in YN-1 cells before induction of differentiation. The effect of T3 on CAI levels was more obvious (42 +/- 7%, P < 0.01) in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), which induces hemoglobin synthesis and differentiation in YN-1 cells. These results suggest that the YN-1 cell line may be used to study T3 action on human red blood cell CAI.

Carbonic Anhydrases↗
PubMed1994

Application of an oily gel formed by hydrogenated soybean phospholipids as a percutaneous absorption-type ointment base.

We investigated the possibility of developing an oily gel formed by hydrogenated soybean phospholipids (HSL) as a percutaneous absorption-type ointment base. Liquid paraffin (LP) was used as the oil, and indomethacin (IM), ketoprofen (KP), flurbiprofen (FP) and ibuprofen (IP) were used as model drugs. IM did not dissolve in LP, but solubilized when heated with HSL at a concentration of about 1% with 15% HSL at 95 degrees C. IM gel was thus prepared as follows: IM and HSL were mixed, added into LP, capped tightly, heated in a water bath and cooled. The consistency of the gel increased with increasing IM concentration, indicating some kind of interaction between IM and HSL. The release of IM from the IM gel was faster than that from a preparation in which IM was mixed in gel at room temperature (Gel + IM). The release rate of IM from IM gel was proportional to IM concentrations up to 1%, but became constant above that. Permeation of IM through hairless rat abdominal skin from IM gel was higher than that from the Gel + IM. The permeation rate was proportional to IM concentrations in the range of 0.1 to 0.5% in 15% HSL gel. KP and FP also solubilized in gel when subjected to the same procedure as IM, and their release and permeation increased when they were formulated as gels. However, no evident improvement of permeation was observed in the case of IP, which had high LP solubility. It was suggested that HSL showed no enhancing effect, but solubilized IM, KP or FP, leading to high permeation from the gel. After 3 months' storage, the permeation rate did not change for 0.5% IM in 15% HSL gel, but decreased for 1% IM in 15% HSL gel. This indicates that in the case of 1% IM in 15% HSL gel, IM is in a supersaturated state immediately after preparation and then recrystallizes with time.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Case report: saccular aneurysm of the intraorbital ophthalmic artery.

A saccular aneurysm of the intraorbital portion of the ophthalmic artery is extremely rare. We report this entity in a 54-year-old man who also had a dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) at the base of the anterior cranial fossa. The aneurysmal formation at this unusual site may be explained by a haemodynamic stress that derived from the presence of the dural AVM.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1994

Chromosomal localization of human, rat, and mouse protein phosphatase type 1 beta catalytic subunit genes (PPP1CB) by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method, gene encoding the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase type 1 beta (PPP1CB) in human and its corresponding gene in rat (PP1 delta) and mouse (dis2m2) were mapped to human 2p23, rat 6q21-q23, and mouse 12D, respectively. These results indicate that PPP1CB is a member of conserved syntenic group. It is shown that the genes encoding catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase type 1 family (PP1 alpha, PP1 beta, and PP1 gamma in human and those corresponding genes in rat and mouse), in spite of their high identity, are located to different chromosomes in these three species.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Antibacterial activity of tilmicosin against Pasteurella multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pneumonic lesions in swine.

Sixty one strains of Pasteurella multocida and 35 strains of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pneumonic lesions of porcine lungs during the period from 1985 to 1989 in Japan were tested for antibiotic susceptibility to chlortetracycline (CTC), thiamphenicol (TP), tylosin (TS), acetylisovaleryl-tylosin (AIV-TS), tilmicosin (TMS), mirosamycin (MRM). Most strains of both species were sensitive to CTC, TP and TMS. Growth of fifty-one strains (83.6%) and forty-six strains (75.4%) of P. multocida were inhibited with 3.13 micrograms/ml of CTC and 0.78 micrograms/ml of TP, respectively. TS showed low activity against almost all strains (MIC > or = 6.25 micrograms/ml). Fifty-eight (95.1%), twenty-three (37.7%) and fifty (82%) of P. multocida showed MICs of > or = 6.25 micrograms/ml against AIV-TS, TMS and MRM, respectively. The MICs of A. pleuropneumoniae against CTC were less than 1.56 micrograms/ml. Thirty-two strains (91.4%) and 33 strains (94.3%) of A. pleuropneumoniae were inhibited with 3.13 micrograms/ml of TP and TMS respectively. However, TS, AIV-TS and MRM showed low activity against all of A. pleuropneumoniae (MIC > or = 6.25 micrograms/ml). Three different resistance patterns were observed in P. multocida and two in A. pleuropneumoniae isolates, respectively.

Actinobacillus Infections↗
PubMed1994

Autologous blood transfusion for pulmonary and mediastinal surgery in 144 patients. The effectiveness of recombinant erythropoietin injection.

Preserved autologous transfusions have been performed for elective pulmonary and mediastinal surgery to prevent the adverse effects of homologous transfusions. Autologous blood was collected preoperatively from 144 patients. The collected blood volume ranged from 400 to 1,600 ml with a mean volume of 544 ml. In four patients with benign diseases, 1,200 to 1,600 ml of blood was collected using 3,000 U of intravenous recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) administered every other day. One hundred twenty-three of these patients (85 percent) did not require a homologous transfusion. In the 84 patients undergoing either a pneumonectomy, lobectomy, or segmentectomy, 68 (81 percent) avoided homologous blood exposure. A patient with rh-EPO who bled 2,000 g during surgery received an autotransfusion of only 1,400 ml and his postoperative course was uneventful. Preserved autologous blood collected after rh-EPO injections is an effective method for minimizing homologous blood transfusions in pulmonary and mediastinal surgery.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed1994

Relationship between heart rate and oxygen uptake during submaximal arm cranking in paraplegics and quadriplegics.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of the level of spinal cord injury (SCI) and of daily exercise on the relationship between heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (VO2) in persons with SCI (PSCI) during an arm cranking exercise. Eighteen PSCI were divided into three groups according to the level of SCI; 4 quadriplegics (C6-C8), 7 high- level paraplegics (T3-T8), and 7 low-level paraplegics (T10-L2). In the relationship between HR and VO2, the higher the level of SCI, the smaller the slope of regression line, that means the HR at a given VO2 become larger as level of SCI was higher. Significant differences were found among these regression lines (P < 0.01). In addition, the regression lines between HR and VO2 in active persons tended to shift toward upper in comparison with those in inactive persons. The present investigation clearly shows that the HR-VO2 relationship in PSCI is remarkably influenced by the level SCI and physical training.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Antigen specificity of antihistone antibodies in localized scleroderma.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Recently, we detected antihistone antibodies (AHAs) in patients with localized scleroderma. However, the exact antigen specificity of AHAs in this disease is still unknown. Therefore, we determined the reactivity of AHAs with five individual histones and the correlation of AHAs with rheumatoid factor in localized scleroderma by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Twenty patients with localized scleroderma who had IgG and/or IgM AHAs, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were examined. These patients were classified into the following three subgroups: patients with generalized morphea (n = 11), patients with linear scleroderma (n = 6), and patients with morphea (n = 3). RESULTS: In generalized morphea, IgG AHAs strongly reacted with histones H1, H2A, and H2B; and IgM AHAs strongly reacted with H1 and H2B, as determined by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The pattern of reactivity in linear scleroderma and morphea was similar to that in generalized morphea. A homogeneous immunofluorescent pattern on HEp-2 cells, which was produced by localized scleroderma sera, was completely abolished by absorption with total histones. By employing a latex agglutination test, IgM rheumatoid factor was detected in 60% of the 20 patients with localized scleroderma and at a frequency of 82% in those with generalized morphea. However, an absorption test of rheumatoid factor activity with human IgG revealed no cross-reactivity of AHAs with rheumatoid factor. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that AHAs in localized scleroderma are directed against native chromatin, since H1, H2A, and H2B occupy a relatively exposed portion of chromatin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Efficacy of oral midazolam as premedication in adult].

Midazolam was administered as a premedicant to 90 patients aged from 20 to 55 years with ASA status 1 or 2. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group I 10 mg orally, group II 20 mg orally, group III 5 mg intramuscularly. All premedications were given 30 minutes before entering the operating room. The perioperative effects of midazolam on blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate and SpO2 as well as sedative, hypnotic and amnemonic effects were evaluated in these patients. There were no remarkable changes in the blood pressure, pulse rate or respiratory rate. There was no problem on the upper airway tract, but a slight decrease in SpO2 was observed in a few patients. In this study, sedative and hypnotic effects were almost satisfactory. Midazolam produced significant anterograde amnesia, and the amnemonic rate was 66.7% in group I and 86.7% in group II and III. In conclusion, oral midazolam is an effective preanesthetic medication in adult.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[A case of unilateral brain-stem tumor and impaired ventilatory response].

A 44-year-old man with a unilateral brain-stem tumor (ganglioglioma) presented with marked hypoventilation and irregular breathing. His respiratory muscle strength was impaired slightly, and his ventilatory responses to chemical stimuli were markedly diminished. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brainstem revealed that the tumor was located in the left superior cerebellar peduncle and the medulla, and involved the left lateral portion of the medullary reticular formation, ambiguous nucleus, and solitary nuclear complex. From these findings, we conclude that the abnormality of ventilatory control may have been caused by damage to both the unilateral respiratory neuron group in the medulla and the afferent pathway to the respiratory motor unit on the opposite side.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Hemodynamics during hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) technique].

In order to avoid blood transfusion in patient, we have been carrying out hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with HES and Ringer's lactate without blood withdrawal. We studied the hemodynamics during hypervolemic hemodilution in adult mongrel dogs. The dogs were divided into two groups; control group (group C) and nitroglycerin group (group N) in which nitroglycerin was administrated at 1 microgram.kg-1.min-1. During HH, CVP, PAP, PCWP increased remarkably, and they were lower in group N than in group C, and CO increased in group N more than in group C. Though by the acute hemodilution Hct decreased to 30%, PaO2/FIO2, pH, and SvO2 remained within normal ranges. We conclude that HH is a very useful technique to avoid blood transfusion. However, during HH the excessive volume loading is associated with significant increase in CVP and PCWP, and the vasodilating therapy is effective to reduce the volume overloading.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Regulatory mechanism of non-shivering thermogenesis in cold acclimation--with special reference to in vitro thermogenic activity and lipolysis of brown adipose tissue].

In vitro brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis from cold-acclimated (CA) rats has been shown to exhibit the decreased responses to noradrenaline (NA) and glucagon (G), although an enhanced biochemical machinery for thermogenesis develops in the tissue. The present study was undertaken to clarify the inhibitory mechanism of in vitro thermogenic responses of BAT in CA rats. NA-treated rats were injected NA (40 micrograms/100g BW) twice a day for 2 or 4 weeks. The other rats were kept at 25 +/- 1 degree C (warm controls: WC), 5 +/- 1 degree C (CA), or 5 +/- 1 degree C/6h/day (intermittent cold exposure: ICE) for 5-6 weeks. The oxygen consumption, and glycerol as well as free fatty acids (FFA) release were measured on finely minced tissue blocks in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer at 37 degrees C. In vitro BAT thermogenic responses to NA and G in NA-treated rats did not differ from those in vehicle-injected controls. NA as well as G increased-oxygen consumption was greatest in WC, followed by ICE and CA. NA as well as G increased glycerol and FFA releases in WC and ICE, but the degree of increment was greater in WC than that in ICE, while NA or G did not increase glycerol and FFA releases in CA. FFA/glycerol ratio in WC was decreased by NA as well as G, but it was not changed in ICE, and increased in CA. Mitochondrial GDP binding as an index of BAT thermogenic capacity did not differ between CA and WC under resting state (CA rats were transferred in warm condition before 18h at the beginning of the experiment), but it was significantly greater in ICE. GDP binding was significantly greater in CA sacrificed at 5 degrees C compared with WC and CA resting. Acute cold exposure (5 degrees C/1h) enhanced GDP binding in WC, resting CA and ICE resting, but the degree of increment was greater in CA and ICE than in WC. These findings suggest that cold exposure inhibits BAT thermogenic responses according to the duration NA action during cold exposure, by means of suppressing fatty acid utilization and/or masking uncoupling protein.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1994

[Abnormalities and clinical characteristics of growth factors and receptor systems in breast cancer].

Recent progress in molecular biology has revealed that the proliferation of breast cancer is controlled by various growth factors and their receptors. In particular, the amplifications and products of oncogenes which code growth factors and receptors can be different indicators of clinical malignancy from the conventional prognostic factors. We investigated the relation of c-erbB-2 and int-2 gene amplification, expression, ER and EGFR with clinical characteristics. In retrospective study, the cumulative 10-year survival rate of patients with c-erbB-2 and int-2 gene amplification was significantly lower than in patients without amplification. In 72 cases with tumor diameter less than 3.0 cm, which can be an indication of breast preservation surgery, the survival rates of patients in these gene amplified groups were significantly lower than in the non-amplified groups. As for prospective study, the results were the same as those from retrospective study. These data show that the cases with these gene amplification have a high biological malignancy and high risk of recurrence to distant organs, despite the small tumor diameter.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Inhibitory action of epiderstatin on EGF-stimulated growth of mouse epidermal. BALB/MK cells without direct effect on protein kinase activities.

Epiderstatin, a distinctive glutarimide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces pulveraceus subsp. epiderstagenes, has been revealed to be a potent inhibitor of the signal transduction of epidermal growth factor (EGF). Epiderstatin inhibited the DNA synthesis induced by various peptide growth factors in a mouse epidermal cell line, BALB/MK, without inhibiting protein tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-receptor or serine/threonine kinase activity of protein kinase C. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of epiderstatin for the EGF-stimulated incorporation of [3H]thymidine into BALB/MK cells was about 10 nM. When epiderstatin was added to the quiescent cells simultaneously with EGF-stimulation, the cells did not reenter into the growing cell cycle. The action of epiderstatin proceeded from the overexpression of c-fos and the suppression of c-myc transcription when EGF was added to quiescent BALB/MK cells.

Actins↗
PubMed1994

[Left heart bypass with the bio-medicus centrifugal pump by the use of an antithrombin agent, argatroban].

Seventeen adult patients who underwent surgery for the thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic disease by the use of left heart bypass with the Bio-Pump were divided into untreated, low-dose heparin treated and argatroban treated groups so as to evaluate the effects of systemic infusion of a newly synthesized antithrombin agent, argatroban, for the prevention of platelet loss and consumption coagulopathy. ACT reached 150 to 250 seconds at doses 0.5-7.5 micrograms/kg/min of argatroban and maximum ACT prolongation was limited to around 250 seconds. ACT spontaneously recovered below 150 seconds within 60 minutes following the end of bypass during which no excessive blood loss developed. In argartoban group, platelet loss during and immediately after surgery was effectively prevented as compared to other groups with significance. Fibrinogen was also preserved to some extent by argatroban treatment without evidence of systemic embolization. Argatroban, as an antithrombotic agent, is worthy of further trial of clinical use in bypass with a centrifugal pump.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Pharmacokinetic studies on continuous intraportal 5-fluorouracil infusion].

Pharmacokinetics of 5-FU administered by continuous intraportal infusion were studied by infusing 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 40 mg/kg of 5-FU, respectively, into the ileocecal vein for an hour. Blood samples were collected from portal vein, femoral vein and liver, and small intestine specimens were obtained at proper intervals. The rabbits were sacrificed at 120 minutes from the start of 5-FU infusion. The results were as follows: Extremely high concentrations of 5-FU in the portal vein, femoral vein and liver tissue were observed in the 5-FU group infused with 40 mg/kg. This phenomenon was suggested to rely on the effect by which the 5-FU catabolic enzyme, dihydrouracil dehydrogenase, was saturated with a large inflow of 5-FU. FdUMP concentration of the liver was lower than that of the small intestine in all groups. These results suggest that a large dose of 5-FU infusion is effective to increase the FdUMP concentration in the liver with continuous intraportal 5-FU infusion.

Animals↗