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Biomedical subjects

K Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to K Kelly.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Transcriptional inactivation of c-myc and the transferrin receptor in dibutyryl cyclic AMP-treated HL-60 cells.

Treatment of HL-60 cells with dibutyryl cyclic AMP induced rapid transcriptional inactivation of c-myc and the transferrin receptor. Transcriptional inactivation was followed by loss of c-myc and transferrin receptor mRNA and protein. Treated cells completed one round of proliferation, followed by growth arrest, G1 synchronization, and monocytic differentiation. These data suggest that cyclic AMP-mediated control of growth and differentiation may be achieved, at least in part, by transcriptional regulation of certain growth-associated proto-oncogenes and growth factor receptor genes.

Bucladesine↗
PubMed1986

Immunologic effects of interferon-alpha in man: treatment with human recombinant interferon-alpha suppresses in vitro immunoglobulin production in patients with chronic type B hepatitis.

The effect of human recombinant interferon-alpha on lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation was studied in 18 patients with chronic type B hepatitis who were participating in a randomized controlled trial of interferon-alpha therapy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained by lymphopheresis before and during a 4 mo course of interferon. Pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin synthesis by PBMC obtained from patients before therapy was similar to that of PBMC from normal individuals. However, after 2 wk treatment with human recombinant interferon-alpha mitogen-induced immunoglobulin production was decreased by an average of 50%. Staining for cytoplasmic immunoglobulin revealed decreases that paralleled secreted immunoglobulin, indicating that interferon-alpha treatment inhibited immunoglobulin synthesis. Mixing autologous T and B cell enriched populations from before and during interferon treatment revealed that the decrease in immunoglobulin synthesis involved a defect in the B cell-enriched population. In contrast to immunoglobulin synthesis, pokeweed mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was not significantly affected by in vivo administration of interferon-alpha. Thus a major effect of in vivo interferon-alpha on immunoregulation in patients with chronic type B hepatitis appears to be an inhibition of the late stages of B cell differentiation into immunoglobulin producing and secreting plasma cells.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1986

An overview of how to nourish the cancer patient by mouth.

Nutrition education should start at diagnosis to prevent complications caused by malnutrition and weight loss. The cancer patient experiencing difficulty with eating requires extensive counseling. The causes of anorexia may be mechanical, psychological, or physiologic. Treatment of cancer also interferes with adequate intake. The diet needs to be tailored to the patient. Counseling on diet modification and supplementation or relaxation techniques may improve the patients intake. Ongoing diet instruction, encouragement, and reinforcement will allow the patient to achieve their goals.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Genetic analysis of low lambda 1 chain production in mice.

Several commonly used strains of laboratory mice from Charles River Laboratories were found to produce extremely low or undetectable levels of serum immunoglobulins bearing lambda 1 light chain (lambda 1 Ig). Individual CF-1, CD-1, and CFW random-bred mice were tested for serum lambda 1 levels, lambda 1-specific anti-NP responses, and genomic polymorphisms at the lambda 1 locus. In all cases, a complete correlation among these parameters was observed. The results indicated that nearly all CFW, greater than 70% of CD-1 but none of the CF-1 mice produced low levels of lambda 1 light chain. The low lambda 1 Ig production is due to a genetic defect either similar or identical to that observed in SJL mice. The data suggest that the lambda 1 locus of CD-1, CFW, and SJL mice are derived from a common ancestor. We also surveyed lambda 1 Ig production in a series of wild mice. Mice producing low lambda 1 Ig were frequently observed. The wild mice with low lambda 1 Ig levels were captured in diverse geographic areas, including Europe, Middle East, Asia, and South America. Preliminary study suggests that the defect in the wild mice is different from that of SJL, CD-1, or CFW mice and implies that other mechanisms regulate lambda 1 Ig production in wild mice.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1986

Mapping by chromosome sorting of several gene probes, including c-myc, to the derivative chromosomes of a 3;8 translocation associated with familial renal cancer.

In eight members of a single family a constitutional translocation t(3;8) (p14.2;q24.1) is associated with the development of renal cancer. Chromosomes isolated from a cell line established from a subject with this translocation were analysed in flow with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS II). Nearly six million chromosomes from the flow karyotype region containing the der(8) and 5.5 million from the region containing the der(3) were sorted, the DNA extracted, digested with EcoRI, size fractionated by electrophoresis, and transferred to nitrocellulose. Hybridization with gene probes for c-mos, which has been localized to 8q11-q22 and somatostatin, which has been mapped to 3q28, confirmed that the sorted fractions contained, respectively, the der(8) and der(3) chromosomes. The cellular oncogenes c-raf-1 (3p25) and c-myc (8q24) were found to be translocated to the der(8) and der(3) chromosomes, respectively. The possible role that the relocation of c-myc might have on the development of renal carcinoma in carriers of this 3;8 translocation was further studied by analysis of the region surrounding the c-myc gene. By the use of cosmid cloning, no rearrangement 31 Kb 5'(or 19 Kb 3') of the translocated gene was found, indicating that the break-point is not immediately adjacent to c-myc. In an associated study, the DNA fragment D3S2 from chromosome 3 was found to map to 3p14.2-pter. This assignment in conjunction with published somatic cell hybrid data enabled D3S2 to be mapped more precisely to the interval 3p14.2-3p21.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1986

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy: localisation to Xq27.3----qter confirmed by linkage to the factor VIII gene.

Two families with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EMD) have been studied with DNA markers mapping to Xq27.3----qter. No recombination was observed in 11 phase known meioses informative for the factor VIII gene (F8C) and eight phase known meioses informative for DXS15 (DX13), giving maximum lod scores of 3.50 and 2.50 respectively at a recombination fraction of zero. DXS52 (St14) showed one recombinant in 12 phase known meioses giving a maximum lod score of 2.62 at a recombination fraction of 0.07. These results map EMD to the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome and are an important step in the development of tests for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1985

Sequential chemotherapy for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: platinum combination cytoreduction followed by cyclophosphamide consolidation.

Thirty-six women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with a combination of cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin followed by a consolidation regimen of intravenous cyclophosphamide. There was a 53% response rate in previously untreated patients with 25% complete clinical remissions. Sixteen per cent of previously untreated patients remain in a complete clinical remission of greater than 3 yr duration. In a multivariate analysis bulk tumor residuum was not a significant adverse factor in terms of survival, suggesting that intensive chemical cytoreduction followed by non-cross-resistant consolidation may overcome such prognostic variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Iodine-125 implants for carcinoma of the prostate.

One hundred-thirteen patients underwent Iodine-125 prostate implant and lymphadenectomy at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1974 through 1980. The distribution by clinical stage was: 7 Stage A2, 86 Stage B, and 20 Stage C patients. Ninety-four patients had a negative lymphadenectomy (N-) and 19 patients (17%) had metastatic disease in the pelvic lymph nodes (N+). The actuarial 5-year survival for all 113 patients was 87% (+/- 6%: 95% confidence limits). Sixty-five percent of our 113 patients are disease free (NED) from 2 to 9 years following implant. Sixty-seven (N-) patients with clinical Stage B disease, whose tumors were either well differentiated or moderately well differentiated, have an actuarial 5-year NED survival of 84% (+/- 8%). Twenty (N-) patients with either clinical Stage C disease or poorly differentiated tumors have an actuarial 5-year NED survival of only 31% (+/- 20%). For the 19 (N+) patients, the actuarial 5-year NED survival is 38% (+/- 22%). Local tumor control was 85% for all Stage B patients and 75% for all Stage C patients. Only 10 patients (9%) have developed long-term gastrointestinal or genitourinary complications following their implant. Iodine-125 implant appears to be a reasonable alternate form of therapy in highly selected groups of patients with carcinoma of the prostate.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Synergism of sorbinil and normal diet on reversal of stage-II sugar cataract.

Sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor, in combination with diet normalization, arrested stage-II galactose cataract and restored lens transparency. During the reversal process, determination of lens dry weight, dulcitol and myo-inositol content as well as individual fiber cell ultrastructure offered a comprehensive index of lens integrity. In this study, young rats received a 50% galactose diet for 10 days to produce a stage-II sugar cataract. Then they were placed on one of the following diets: 50% galactose and Sorbinil (20 mg/kg); 50% galactose; normal diet, normal diet and Sorbinil (20 mg/kg). From each group, equal numbers were sacrificed at 5, 10 and 20 days. Although differences were obtained after 5 and 10 days, the 20-day reversal period provided the most significant findings. Only the combination of Sorbinil and normal diet restored lens transparency, normalized lens myo-inositol content and dry weight and partially restored fiber cell integrity as evidenced by diminished granulation and increased fiber synthesis. Neither Sorbinil treatment during galactose administration nor normal diet alone were sufficient to protect against further cataractogenesis, thus indicating a synergistic effect of Sorbinil in combination with normal diet.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1985

Obviously ill patients.

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Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders↗