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Biomedical subjects

K Kayaba

Publications and source records attributed to K Kayaba.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Close relation between lipoprotein (a) levels and atherothrombotic disease in Japanese subjects > 75 years of age.

Levels of lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) and various hemostatic factors were studied in 132 Japanese aged > 75 years (mean 83). The group consisted of 50 healthy persons, 36 hypertensive subjects, 31 patients with chronic cerebral infarction, and 15 with coronary artery disease. Lp(a) levels were slightly lower in the healthy "old old" subjects than in the 184 healthy younger adults (mean +/- SD: 10.7 +/- 7.9 vs 12.1 +/- 10.1 mg/dl). There were no gender-related differences in the Lp(a) levels of healthy adults and healthy old old subjects. Lp(a) levels were higher in the hypertensive old old subjects (14.6 +/- 15.4 mg/dl) and the old old patients with cerebral infarction (21.3 +/- 16.2 mg/dl) and coronary artery disease (26.5 +/- 20.4 mg/dl). The prevalence of subjects with high Lp(a) levels (> 30 mg/dl) was the greatest among old old patients with coronary artery disease (27%). Lp(a) levels in the 132 old old subjects showed positive correlations with sialic acid, fibrinogen, factor VII activity, and D-dimer levels. These results indicate a close association between Lp(a) levels and atherothrombotic disease as well as the characteristics of Lp(a) as an acute phase reactant in old old Japanese. Subjects with higher Lp(a) levels may develop cardiovascular disease later in life, whereas the remaining healthy old old subjects have lower Lp(a) levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Development of a perceived social support scale: for a Japanese population].

Social support is increasingly attracting interest in as a factor in epidemiological research of disease risks. However, at present, few methods for measuring social support that can be credited as having reliability and validity exist in Japan. Therefore a perceived social support scale was developed in relation to a population study of a town in Fukuoka prefecture. A method for measuring functional support from several external sources was designed consisting of a self-administered test provided with only two available response options--yes & no. Pretests were conducted twice in order to evaluate content validity and adjust the number of determinants and resulted in spouse, family members, and friends being selected to be primary sources of support. A factor analysis was applied to select 10 conditions with high internal consistency for each of the sources. Responses were scored 0 or 1, for 'no' or 'yes,' respectively. Subsequently each set of 10 variables was summed into an index ranking social support conditions for each of the three sources. The three highest ranking indicators from each of the respective sources were then integrated into a single comprehensive total social support score of the individuals. The inquiry method was applied on 277 adults, aged from 40 to 69 years, in the town. Intercorrelation between the indicators of support derived from the three sources was low and coefficients of reliability ranged from 0.892 to 0.978. The score of each set of the 10 variables were incorporated into a principal components analysis in order to determine factorial validity. All of the first factor loadings of the items measuring support from both spouse and family were greater than 0.7 and high eigenvalues were obtained. Therefore the methods applied to spouse and family were considered adequate to measure a given construct. The items measuring support from friends were divided into two factors, emotional support and tangible support.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Health problems treated by primary care physician].

For the purpose of clarifying functions expected of primary care physicians (PC physicians) in Japan, a study of the types and frequencies of health problems seen in primary care clinics located in three areas, together with consultation/referral rates of the patients to other institutes. The study was conducted using ICHPPC-2 (Japan version) which had been compiled by WONCA as a classification of diseases. In order to obtain much more generalized characteristics of the primary care, clinics located in the city, suburban district and remote places in the mountains were studied. The results were as follows: 1) The health problems treated by the clinics in each of the three areas were respectively: 162 types/7,207 items/4 months: 303 types/17,519 items/2 years: and 280 types/61,916 items/2 years. 2) The consultation/referral rates were under 2%. 3) PC physicians treated over 98% of the health problems encountered. This was found by the investigation, which had been intended to disclose a range of so-called COMMON DISEASES treated by PC physicians themselves, based on a relation between the referral rates and the types of health problems. The above findings suggested that the COMMON DISEASES should include at least 95% of the health problems which had been treated by the PC physicians. This corresponded to approximately 100 types of diseases.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

The relevance of psychosocial factors in acute ischemic heart disease. A case-control study of a Japanese population.

We investigated, by case-control study, the relevance of psychosocial factors on the prevalence of acute ischemic heart disease (IHD) in middle aged Japanese men. We questioned 109 acute IHD patients and 80 individuals in an age-adjusted sampled control group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the following statistically significant factors: hypertension (odds ratio 4.01, p less than 0.001), Type A behavior pattern (2.25, p less than 0.05) and high job demand (2.23, p less than 0.02). No direct influence of family function or social support to the prevalence of acute IHD was apparent. These results suggest that, among men in Japan, Type A behavior pattern and high job demand represent psychosocial risk factors of IHD. Due to the case-control protocol, causal relationships cannot be decided. The limitation of the study design is discussed within that context.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Tuberculosis and cancer: primary lung cancer cases after treatment with anti-tuberculous drugs].

Out of 939 primary lung cancer cases (histologically confirmed), 54 cases had received treatment with anti-tuberculous drugs before diagnosis of lung cancer was made. Fifty-one percent of the cases were detected by the mass survey and 55.6% of them were adenocarcinoma. The duration of treatment for tuberculosis was less than 3 months in 63.0% and more than 13 months in 5.6% of the cases. Surgery for lung cancer was performed in 25 cases (46.3%). The ratio of surgical intervention for patients previously treated with anti-tuberculous drugs was not different from that for patients who had received no anti-tuberculous drugs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Cardiovascular and blood gas responses to ketanserin in canine pulmonary edema induced by oleic acid.

This study was performed to determine the cardiovascular and respiratory effects of ketanserin, a specific 5-HT2 antagonist, following oleic acid lung injury in anesthetized dogs. Following intravenous administration of oleic acid (0.1 ml/kg) to a control group (N = 7), systemic blood pressure decreased significantly. This lowered level of systemic blood pressure was maintained throughout the experiment. Cardiac output gradually decreased following oleic acid administration, while total peripheral resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, and pulmonary arterial pressure were increased significantly. In a group treated with intravenous ketanserin (0.16 mg/kg, N = 7) 60 min after the injection of oleic acid, no decrease in cardiac output was seen. The increased total peripheral resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, and pulmonary arterial pressure following injection of oleic acid also were returned toward preoleic acid levels. However systemic blood pressure showed no significant improvement after treatment with ketanserin nor did ketanserin protect against progressive hypoxemia following pulmonary injury with oleic acid. A progressive increase in hemoglobin concentration was seen after oleic acid in the control group. This recovered toward the preoleic acid level following treatment with ketanserin. The postmortem lung wet-dry weight ratio was significantly lower in the treated group compared with the control group. In conclusion, these data suggest that serotonin may have a role in including cardiopulmonary hemodynamic disturbances and in producing increases in extravascular lung water when pulmonary edema is induced by oleic acid injection in anesthetized dogs.

Animals↗