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Biomedical subjects

K Kawata

Publications and source records attributed to K Kawata.

162 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of pharmacokinetic parameters of stavudine in Japanese patients infected with HIV-1, using a Gaussian-like input rate function.

We sought to examine variation in pharmacokinetic parameters of stavudine in Japanese patients infected with HIV-1. Stavudine concentrations were measured in two hemophiliacs (HIV-1 asymptomatic carriers (ACs)) and two non-hemophiliacs (both ACs). To simulate the plasma stavudine concentrations following a single oral dose, we used a Gaussian-like input rate function in a single compartment model. The theoretical equation successfully simulated changes in the time course of plasma stavudine concentrations in all four patients. The mean+/-SD of Tmax, Cmax, AUC0-infinity, and t 1/2 were 0.96+/-0.26 hr, 478+/-90 ng/mL, 1112+/-136 ng x hr/mL, and 1.26+/-0.23 hr, respectively. Pharmacokinetic characteristics were comparable to those reported in the literature, although the mean of Cmax was slightly lower and means of Tmax and t 1/2 slightly longer than those previously reported. Interpatient variability in plasma stavudine concentrations was not as dramatic as that seen with lamivudine. Thus, we confirmed the validity of the uniform therapeutic regimen of stavudine in Japanese people with HIV-1 infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New monitoring system for ninety pesticides and related compounds in river water by solid-phase extraction with determination by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

A new monitoring system was established for the determination of 90 pesticides and 10 pesticide degradation products in river water. The pesticides consisted of 18 fungicides, 30 insecticides, and 42 herbicides. The pesticides were extracted with a solid-phase, styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, eluted with acetone, hexane, and ethyl acetate, and determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Overall recoveries ranged from 72 to 118%. The limits of detection were 0.01-0.1 microgram/L. This system determines most of the pesticides used in Japan and was successfully applied to practical monitoring of water polluted with pesticides and related compounds.

Environmental Monitoring↗