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Biomedical subjects

K Kawano

Publications and source records attributed to K Kawano.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

New antiviral antibiotics, cycloviracins B1 and B2. I. Production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activity.

Kibdelosporangium albatum No. R761-7 (ATCC 55061) produced new antiviral antibiotics, cycloviracins B1 and B2. They show weak activity against Gram-positive bacteria and potent antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1. Unique acylsaccharide structures were established for cycloviracins B1 and B2 by degradation and spectroscopic analysis.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1992

[Extramedullary diseases as presenting features of aleukemic acute monocytic leukemia].

We present a case of acute monocytic leukemia presenting with extramedullary disease clinically resembling lymphoma. A 36 year-old man presented with arthralgia and was found to have skin eruption, nasopharyngeal mass, hepatosplenomegaly and superficial lymphadenopathy. The biopsies of those lesions as well as bone marrow revealed infiltration of CD45 positive large atypical cells and were interpreted as malignant lymphoma. At that time blood film showed leuko-erythroblastic picture, but no atypical cells were noted. He was treated with CHOP followed by VEPA chemotherapy and achieved partial remission. Four months later headache and double vision occurred with the same atypical cell in the cerebrospinal fluid. The cells were identified as monoblasts by cytochemistry and immunophenotype. The diagnosis of aleukemic acute monocytic leukemia was made and its CNS involvement was successfully treated with chemotherapy with DHAP and intrathecal MTX. However, two months later, blasts finally appeared in the peripheral blood and the patient died of multiorgan failure eight months after presentation. The blasts were positive for T cell markers (CD2, 4, 8) and NK marker (NKH-1) as well as monocytic markers. This finding, together with those by other investigators, may indicate the association between these immunophenotypes and extramedullary manifestations of acute monocytic leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinicobacteriological study of Pasteurella multocida infection as a zoonosis. (2)--Comparisons of P. multocida separated from patients and their pet dogs and cats].

A total of 17 strains of Pasteurella multocida, of which 13 were isolated from patients treated at Nihon University Itabashi Hospital or Nihon University Surugadai Hospital between April, 1984 and March, 1991 and 4 from 1 dog and 3 cats kept by the patients, were evaluated with respect to their biochemical properties, sensitivity to drugs, and serotype. The isolated strains were all considered to be Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida because of the agreement of their responses to indole, sorbitol and dulcitol with those of this subspecies, except for 1 sorbitol-negative strain of Pasteurella multocida subsp. septica isolated from 1 patient who had been bitten by a cat. All the isolated strains showed high sensitivities to various drugs. The serotype was capsular type A, which is often observed in cats and dogs, in 7 strains, which consisted of 6 of the 7 strains derived from the airway of the patients and 1 of the 6 strains derived from bit or scratch wound. The remaining strains could not be classified. Five morphological types, namely 1, 3, 3.8, 6, and 8 were observed. In 2 patients, Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida of the same serotype was also isolated from their cats. One of these patients had intimate contact with the cat including kissing. Our findings suggest that: 1) Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida has been responsible for most conventional cases of Pasteurella multocida infection. 2) Strains isolated from patients differ in the capsular type according to the disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The experiment and clinical evaluation of chemosensitivity test for esophageal and gastric cancer by ATP assay using endoscopic biopsy].

The chemosensitivity test for esophageal and gastric cancer cells collected by endoscopic biopsies before operation was investigated for evaluation by ATP assay. Experimentally, ATP assay was applied in human esophageal and gastric cancer cell line transplanted in nude mice. ATP level was measured by Lumiphotometer and showed positive linear correlation with the number of cancer cells in more than 10(3). Also ATP level increased when more than 10(3) cancer cells were cultured for more than 48 hours. On the other hand, more than 10(3) cancer cells were indicated to be collected by endoscopic biopsies, experimentally. Clinically, 7 specimens collected by endoscopic biopsy and 5 anticancer agents (MMC, CDDP, 5-FU, ADM and BLM) were used for the test. Forty-nine cases, 31 cases of esophageal cancer and 18 cases of gastric cancer were subjected to the study. The evaluability rates were 93.8%, respectively. Over-all predictive accuracy for esophageal cancer between the clinical responses and results of the assay was 72.0%. These results suggested the usefulness of biopsy specimens for the chemosensitivity test of anticancer agents.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

[A water intoxication patient who showed remarkable ST depression and suspected ischemic heart disease].

A 63 year old female, who was admitted to a psychiatric hospital for schizophrenia, was referred to our emergency room because of sudden loss of consciousness and convulsions. On arrival, she was drowsy and hypoxemic. Her chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly with pulmonary edema. ECG showed marked ST depression in precordial leads and serum chemistry revealed marked elevation of CPK, GOT and LDH along with hyponatremia and hypochloremia. She was immediately admitted to CCU on suspicion of acute non-transmural myocardial infarction complicated with congestive heart failure. After fluid restriction and intravenous infusion of dopamine she passed large amount of urine, and her consciousness level, electrolyte imbalance and ECG change, improved gradually. Although serum CPK level increased as high as 32,307 IU/ml, there were no signs of left ventricular asynergy on UCG and CPK isozyme analysis performed later revealed more than 99% of serum cCPK was MM-type. We concluded that water intoxication was the cause of the ECG change and the elevated serum CPK, GOT and LDH levels. There are few reports on elevated CPK level in association with water intoxication, in which rhabdomyolysis is speculated as the cause of CPK elevation. But there is no report on ECG change complicated with water intoxication. In our case, electrolyte imbalance caused by water intoxication seemed to play a major role in ST depression and QT prolongation. Although water intoxication is a rare disorder in the general population, it is not infrequent among patients with psychiatric diseases. Care must be taken when such patients present ECG change and serum enzyme elevation mimicking ischemic heart disease.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1992

[Distribution of IGG antibodies to several phospholipids in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism].

Seven pulmonary thromboembolism cases with IgG antibodies to three phospholipids i.e. cardiolipin (CAR), phosphatidyl inositol(PI) or phosphatidyl serine(PS) were reported. We investigated the distribution of these antibodies in relation to clinical courses or clinical laboratory data. The cases had anti-phospholipid antibodies not only to CAR but also to PI or PS without regard to collagen disease cases or non-collagen disease cases. Two out of three collagen disease cases were positive to 2 antibodies among the measured 3 IgG antibodies. The two cases were chronic progressive, complicated with multiple thromboses, prolongation of blood coagulation time and decrease of platelet count. The other four non-collagen disease cases were positive to only 1 antibody among the 3 antibodies. Most of the 4 cases were acute and there were cases not complicated with multiple thromboses, prolongation of blood coagulation time or decrease of platelet count.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Acute lymphocytic leukemia (L1) preceded by hypercalcemia].

A 37-year-old female with hypercalcemia presented with lumbago, nausea and vomiting. Peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) smears revealed no lymphoblasts on the first admission. The value of parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) was increased and osteoporosis was found in the lumbar vertebrae. After 5 months, diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) was made on the evidence that lymphoblasts were found in PB (1%) and in BM (98%). Treatment with vincristine, daunorubicin, prednisolone and L-asparaginase achieved complete remission (CR) and the serum calcium level returned to the normal range. She has maintained CR, and is currently treated with consolidation therapy by cyclophosphamide and methotrexate. Acute leukemia is known to be rarely accompanied with hypercalcemia. This rare case was accompanied with hypercalcemia in acute leukemia. Hypercalcemia appeared to be attributable to the increased bone absorption by PTHrP derived from tumor cells. This important case will help understanding the etiology of hypercalcemia associated with ALL.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Elastin in adenomatoid tumor. Light microscopic and electron microscopic study.

Elastin distribution was examined in adenomatoid tumors of the human genital tract. Two distinct patterns were identified: strongly positive or completely negative for elastin in the stroma, according to the case. Even in cases appearing to have very similar histologic features, the stroma was rich in elastin in some cases and was almost devoid of elastin in others. Electron microscopic examination with tannic acid staining revealed that the elastin in the stroma was composed mainly of amorphous material surrounded by a small amount of microfibrils and abundant collagen fibers. Fibroblasts were sparsely distributed in the stroma. Tumor cells displayed mesothelial cell-like features, such as abundant microvilli on the surface, numerous cytoplasmic organelles, several well-developed basal lamina. In some areas, elastin seemed to be formed by mesothelial cells. In some adenomatoid tumor cases, elastogenesis would be enhanced by activated mesothelial tumor cells as well as stromal fibroblasts.

Elastin↗
PubMed1991

Preparation of human manganese superoxide dismutase by tri-phase partitioning and preliminary crystallographic data.

Human liver manganese superoxide dismutase has been purified by a short procedure that includes a tri-phase partitioning step to provide materials that can be crystallized from ammonium sulfate. X-ray diffraction studies at 3 A resolution show that the crystals belong to the hexagonal space group P6(1)22 or P6(5)22, with cell dimensions a = b = 81.1 A, c = 242.2 A. Manganese superoxide dismutase levels as determined by enzymatic assay as well as by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay indicated that considerable variations occur in different livers but the total superoxide dismutase activity (Mn superoxide dismutase plus Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase) seems to be kept at constant values.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1991

Purification of GTPase-activating protein specific for the rho gene products.

A GTPase-activating protein specific for the rho gene products (rho-GAP) was purified from the cytosol of bovine adrenal gland. Purification procedures consisted of ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatographies on columns of phenyl-Sepharose and CM-Sepharose, gel filtration on a TSK-gel G3000SW, and Mono S fast protein liquid chromatography. By these procedures the activity was purified about 36,000-fold with a recovery of 0.6%. The final preparation showed a major protein band at Mr 28,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and stimulated GTP hydrolysis by the purified rho A protein in a time- and dose-dependent manner. No stimulation was found for ras p21. The ADP-ribosylation on the rho protein by botulinum C3 exoenzyme did not affect its interaction with the purified rho-GAP.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗
PubMed1991

Effects of aging on alpha 2-adrenoceptor mechanisms in isolated guinea-pig tracheal preparations.

The effects of aging on alpha 2-adrenoceptor mechanisms in tracheal preparations isolated from 3-, 6-, 10-, 40- and 100-week-old guinea-pigs were studied. The potency of noradrenaline decreased with age. The specific binding of [3H]p-aminoclonidine to microsomal fractions prepared from tracheal smooth muscles from 6- and 40-week-old guinea-pigs was analysed by Scatchard analysis. The capacity of maximum binding sites of [3H]p-aminoclonidine was greater in the preparations from 40-week-old guinea-pigs than in 6-week-old animals, whereas the dissociation constant did not change with age. The amount of prostaglandin F2 alpha released by noradrenaline and the contractile response to prostaglandin F2 alpha decreased with age. These results suggest that an age-related decrease in the potency of noradrenaline is due to the decrease in the amount of excitable prostaglandin F2 alpha released by noradrenaline and in the contractile response to prostaglandin F2 alpha, but not to a change in the total number of alpha 2-adrenoceptors or in the dissociation constant of a drug from alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Extraneuronal uptake also plays a role in the response to noradrenaline in the tracheal preparations from older guinea-pigs.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1991

Intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma: its frequency and characteristics in Japan.

The nature of intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma (ILL) in Japan was investigated. For this purpose, we have reviewed 1,766 cases of malignant lymphoma and related diseases, and 38 cases were selected as ILL. In two cases, small lymphoid cells proliferated as a wide mantle of atrophic secondary follicles. The frequency of ILL in nodal and extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was 3.4% and 3.9%, respectively. The frequency was high in orbit and salivary gland lymphomas; two out of three cases and one out of six cases, respectively. Age range (median) and sex ratio (M:F) in nodal and extranodal cases were 34-65 (52) years and 2.1:1 and 22-82 (61) years and 1.1:1, respectively. The majority of nodal ILL presented as systemic disease, but extranodal ILL usually presented as localized disease. ILL when treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy had a favorable prognosis, the 5-year survival rate was 82%.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effects of endometrial IgG on PHA-induced T cell mitogenesis.

To clarify the characterization and immunologic mechanisms of endometrial extract as a suppressive factor in tissues of the implantation site, the effects of endometrial extract and IgG on mitogen-stimulated cultures of lymphocytes from human peripheral blood were investigated. The inhibitory activity of endometrial extracts was observed to be augmented markedly in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle as compared to the proliferative phase. Secretory endometrial extract, at a concentration of 0.6 mg protein/ml, caused 50% suppression of PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis (PHA-BL). Column fractionation of endometrial extract on a Sephadex G-200 column showed a profile with three peak fractions and demonstrated that the 2nd peak fraction was mainly responsible for the suppression of PHA-BL. The 2nd peak fraction was shown to contain IgG by the method of immunodiffusion with anti-human IgG. The 2nd peak fraction from which IgG was removed with affinity chromatography caused significant depression of PHA-BL. Furthermore, the Fc fraction of IgG showed marked suppression compared to the F(ab')2 fraction. From these results, we suggest the possibility of an endogenous substance containing IgG as a suppressive factor which is implicated in the suppression of T cell function. The Fc fragment seemed to be the major fraction possessing such suppressive activity.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1991

1H-NMR study of the intramolecular interaction of a substrate analogue covalently attached to aspartic acid-101 in lysozyme.

We prepared the lysozyme derivative in which the beta-carboxyl group of Asp101 was modified with alpha-O-methyl N-glycylglucosaminide as an amide by means of the carbodimide reaction (alpha-MGG lysozyme). Since Asp101 residue is located at the edge of the active site cleft, a 1H-NMR study was carried out for this derivative in order to investigate the interaction between the introduced substituent and the active site cleft. It was confirmed that the alpha-MGG moiety sat in the active site cleft in alpha-MGG lysozyme from the reduction of line broadening of the NH-proton of Trp63 located in the active site cleft, the remarkable chemical shift change of the methyl group of the alpha-MGG moiety upon adding a trimer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine [(NAG)3], and the NOE between the C6-proton resonance of Trp63 and the methyl resonance of the alpha-MGG moiety. Furthermore, alpha-MGG lysozyme had increased thermal stability compared with native lysozyme. Therefore, it was concluded that the alpha-MGG moiety covalently attached to Asp101 interacted with the active site cleft to increase the thermal stability of lysozyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Preparation and properties of a lysozyme derivative in which two domains are cross-linked intramolecularly between Trp62 and Asp101.

A lysozyme derivative in which two domains were cross-linked intramolecularly was newly prepared by means of a two-step reaction. First, the beta-carboxyl group of Asp101 in lysozyme was selectively modified with 2-(2-pyridyldithio)ethylamine in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride. After reduction of the pyridyldithio moiety of Asp101 modified lysozyme at pH 4.5 with dithiothreitol, the derivative was allowed to cross-link intramolecularly by reaction with 1,3-dichloroacetone at pH 7. Intramolecularly cross-linked lysozyme thus formed was purified by gel chromatography followed by ion-exchange chromatography. Based on the results of 1H-NMR and peptide analyses, it was concluded that Asp101 was cross-linked to Trp62 with a -CH2COCH2SCH2CH2NH-bridge in this derivative. The derivative showed minor but distinct activity against Micrococcus lysodeikticus and glycol chitin. Its melting temperature for thermal denaturation was higher by 7.3 degrees than that of native lysozyme at pH 3.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

A novel in vitro chemosensitivity test using materials collected by endoscopic biopsy.

The usefulness of chemosensitivity testing of cells collected by endoscopic biopsy using the adenosine triphosphate assay (ATP assay) was investigated for esophageal tumors. Correlation between this chemosensitivity test and other chemosensitivity tests was more than 80% in most combinations. The predictive rate of clinical sensitivity was 77.8% and of clinical resistance was 68.8%. The predictive accuracy was 72.0%. These results will extend the indication and usefulness of chemosensitivity testing in inoperable and preoperable cases.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗