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Biomedical subjects

K Kawamoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Kawamoto.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Generation mechanism of the negative endocochlear potential during early stage of anoxia.

To investigate the generation mechanism of the -EP in anoxic cochlea, the perilymphatic space was perfused with solution of various K+ concentrations in 38 guinea pigs when the -EP was maximally reduced by anoxia. Although the perfusion of scala tympani and vestibuli with Ringer-Locke solution or that of scala vestibuli with 154 mM K+ solution did not have any effect upon the -EP, the potential was elevated to 0 mV when the scala tympani was perfused with 154 mM K+ solution. Furthermore, the elevation of the potential was less remarkable when the K+ concentration in perfusate was reduced. The level of the potential during perfusion was closely related to K+ concentration in perfusates. The present results strongly suggest that the -EP is the result of the K+ diffusion potential and this diffusion mechanism is performed through the organ of Corti.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical experience with cefadroxil in otorhinolaryngological infections].

Cefadroxil (CDX), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin derivative, was administered to 20 patients with acute or chronic otolaryngological infections and following results were obtained. Of 11 cases with acute infections such as acute otitis media, acute otitis externa and postoperative maxillary cyst, excellent, good and fair results were obtained in 10 cases, the efficacy ratio being 91%, while the efficacy ratio in 9 cases with chronic infections such as chronic pharyngolaryngitis and chronic otitis media was 56%. CDX is, therefore, extremely effective for acute otolaryngological infections. No severe side effect was observed, although there were 2 cases with minor adverse effects, one with drug induced eruption and the other with stomatitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Formation of amino acids from reactor-irradiated ammonium acetate.

Ammonium acetate in various conditions was irradiated in a reactor to examine the contributions of both the reactor radiations and recoiled 14C nucleus to form the biologically interesting molecules. Present investigations demonstrated that several amino acids, glycine, alanine, beta-alanine and GABA, and may-be aspartic acid, serine and valine by prolonged irradiation, were formed in the aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate. 14C-radioactivities were also found distributed in these amino acids. However, no special relationship between 14C-radioactivity and these amino acids formed was observed.

Acetates↗
PubMed1982

Study on the chemical evolution of low molecular weight compounds in a highly oxidized atmosphere using electric discharges.

The molecular basis for the chemical evolution of low molecular compounds was studied using electric discharges on a highly oxidized atmosphere comprised of CO2, N2 and H2O. In the gas phase, O2 and CO were formed by the decomposition of CO2 and their yields were enhanced by the addition of N2 to the gas mixture. It was demonstrated that H2O suppressed the reduction of CO2 while H2O also had a role in producing organic compounds such as formic acid and formaldehyde. Infrared analysis of the water soluble products and the inner surface of the reaction vessel indicated the production of compounds more complex than formic acid and formaldehyde. These compounds contained the chemical bonds which were identified to be OH, CO, CN and/or CC.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1981

The inner ear dysfunction in hemodialysis patients.

Hearing and vestibular tests were performed in 229 patients who were treated with hemodialysis (H.D.) and the following results were obtained. (1) One hundred and six patients exhibited bilateral hearing loss and 31 showed unilaterally impaired hearing. (2) Vestibular dysfunction was found in 83 patients. (3) Those who were impaired both in the cochlea and the vestibular organ were 60. (4) No correlations were observed between the occurrence rate of the inner ear dysfunction and Hct, BUN and serum creatinine levels. (5) The results in the present study did not suggest the possibility that the hearing loss was progressively getting worse during the period of H.D. therapy. Based on these results, the possible etiological factors in the inner ear dysfunction were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Flow cytometric studies of human brain tumors. Part 2: Human benign brain tumors (author's transl)].

This report compares the DNA content distribution of normal human brain tissue and of benign tumors of the brain. The cells were obtained from seven normal specimens and from fourteen types of benign brain tumors of 79 patients. The DNA content was determined by flow cytometry on single cell suspensions. Propidium iodide was used as DNA-intercalating fluorochrome. Normal, non-stimulated lymphocytes served as diploid controls. The proportions of diploid cells in G1 ranged from 78% to 93% and from 80% to 95% in the normal cortex and normal white matter, respectively. In the specimens of benign brain tumor the range was from 70% to 98%. Histograms with a single, diploid peak was obtained with the specimens from cases of lipoma, plasmacytoma, most meningiomas and around one-half of the cases of neurinomas and astrocytomas. Two peaks were seen with a few cases of meningioma and the remaining cases of neurinomas and astrocytomas. With the pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas, in addition to the diploid peak, cells in the 4C and 8C ranges were also observed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content in cultured human brain tumor cells.

Analysis of DNA content in cultured cells derived from 5 benign and 8 malignant human brain tumors was performed by flow cytometry, using propidium iodide as fluorochrome. Normal, non-stimulated human lymphocytes were used as controls. Cells harvested from the first confluent subculture had DNA distribution histograms similar to those of a replicating, non-synchronous population of diploid cells. This observation was made on all cultures, regardless of the DNA distribution patterns in the original tumors, including two metastatic tumors which originally had a predominantly triploid DNA content. After 3 to 5 transfers an increase in the proportion of cells with a wide range of DNA content was observed in some cultures. These changes were usually associated with a loss of cell viability. These observations suggest that in the experimental setting described, in vitro proliferation of human tumor cells may be selectively associated with cells with diploid amounts of DNA.

Adenoma↗