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Biomedical subjects

K Kawagoe

Publications and source records attributed to K Kawagoe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Deficiency of the GPI anchor caused by a somatic mutation of the PIG-A gene in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is an acquired hematopoietic disease characterized by abnormal blood cell populations in which the biosynthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor is deficient. Deficiency of surface expressions of GPI-anchored complement inhibitors leads to complement-mediated hemolysis. Here we report that PIG-A, which participates in the early step of GPI anchor biosynthesis, is the gene responsible for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Affected granulocytes and B lymphocytes had the same somatic mutation of PIG-A, indicating their clonal origin from a multipotential hematopoietic stem cell. We localized PIG-A to the X chromosome, which accounts for expression of the recessive phenotype of the somatic mutation and the fact that the same one of the multiple biosynthetic steps is affected in all patients so far characterized.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1992

A YIGSR-containing novel mutein without the detrimental effect of human TNF-alpha of enhancing experimental pulmonary metastasis.

The injection of B16F10 melanoma cells with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) into the tail vein of C57BL/6 mice resulted in 2- to 25-fold more metastatic foci in the lungs than the injection of tumor cells alone. Clearly, TNF-alpha significantly enhanced experimental tumor metastasis. Furthermore, it enhanced the metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma cells. In contrast, a mutein of TNF-alpha, designated as F4236, having the cell-adhesive sequence (Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg) at the N-terminus of the TNF molecule did not enhance metastasis, but rather exhibited similar antitumor activity to wild-type TNF-alpha in fibrosarcoma-bearing mice.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[Development of serodiagnostic kit "HITAZYME Chlamydia Ab" for Chlamydia trachomatis infections using extracted antigen].

To develop EIA kit with low cross-reactivity for the quantitative detection of anti-chlamydial antibodies, we examined the preparation of trachomatis antigens and its specificity to mouse antisera and human sera. The chlamydial elementary body (EB) purified from C. trachomatis L2/434/Bu strain was treated by Sarkosyl, dithiothreitol and SDS by turns to obtain the soluble EB outer membrane (COMC). SDS-PAGE showed that the major components of the COMC were 96K, 60K and 39.5 KDa peptides. The reactivity of the COMC immobilized to 96 wells microtiter plate to mouse anti-serum to C. trachomatis was higher than the other two mouse anti-sera to C. psittaci and pneumoniae. In human sera, the cut off values were calculated from an average optical density plus its two-fold standard deviation obtained by the testing of 100 samples of healthy human sera. We evaluated the specificity of the kit to 17 anti-C. pneumoniae, 9 C. trachomatis and 4 C. psittaci antibodies positive patients' sera judged by the MFA method respectively. The results showed that the concordance ratio of IgG and IgA were 88%, 100% in anti-C. pneumoniae, 89%, 78% in anti-C. trachomatis and 50%, 50% in anti-C. psittaci respectively. From the results obtained in this study, we concluded that the HITAZYME method which had a very low cross-reactivity to C. pneumoniae is clinically useful in the serodiagnosis of C. trachomatis infections, even if it has a little common antigenicity with C. psittaci antigen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Intravesical or intrarectal instillation of maalox for the treatment of radiation cystitis or proctitis].

Intravesical or intrarectal instillation of Maalox, a well-known material for protection of mucous epithelia, was performed in 3 cases of radiation cystitis and one case of radiation proctitis, resulting insuccessful control of hemorrhage. 4 cases of uterine cervical cancer with radiotherapy, including 2 cases of primary and 2 cases of postoperative radiotherapy, were managed by Maalox treatment with intervals of one to nine years between radiotherapy and Maalox instillation. One of the three patients of hemorrhagic cystitis, who had received internal iliac arterial embolization at the another hospital, was to be performed the operation of the urinary tract diversion. 50-100 ml of original or 1/2 diluted Maalox was instilled into urinary bladder or rectum with clump of catheter for 30 min. to 1 hr. after sufficient irrigation with 500 ml of 100 times diluted isodine. Blood transfusion for anemia was done in all cases, and antibiotics, or anticoagulant agents were systematically administered in some cases. Macrohematuria or melena ceased within 2 to 8 days after initiation of Maalox therapy in all cases. In one of the three cases of hemorrhagic cystitis, macroscopic hematuria, which reappeared one year later, was also successfully treated by Maalox therapy. In a case of radiation proctitis, though the melena disappeared in 5 days, diarrhea continued and the patient died of the primary disease two months later with the formation of rectovaginal fistula. No ultimate way of treatment of radiation hemorrhagic cystitis or proctitis has been established, though both of them were clinically important and serious side effects of radiotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Therapeutic results of the internal iliac arterial chemotherapy in uterine cervical and endometrial cancers].

As the treatment of inoperable, radioresistant or recurrent cases of uterine cancer (cervical or endometrial) whose lesions were restricted to the pelvis, internal iliac arterial chemotherapy was carried out and its therapeutic results were evaluated. Thirty three cases including 22 primary and 11 recurrent ones were dealt with this study. Among 33 cases, catheter was introduced to the internal iliac artery via superior gluteal artery in 9, inferior gluteal artery in 22 and lateral umbilical artery in 2 cases. Oncostatics, including mainly cisplatin, adriamycin and pepleomycin, were administered via artery daily or once or three times a week with indwelling of the catheter as long as 7 months in average. Eight patients out of 33 were living with average survival time of 18.2 months following the initiation of intra-arterial chemotherapy. Among 27 cases whose therapeutic effects were evaluable histologically, tumor cells had disappeared as long as at least 4 months in 23, within 4 months in 3 cases and tumor cells continued to be present in one case. In 22 primary cases, 3 were living without evidence of disease, one was living with disease and remaining 18 cases were dead due to other diseases in two cases, distant metastasis in 7 cases, troubles of the primary site in 8 cases and unknown reason (septic shock?) in one case. Four of 11 recurrent cases were living with one case of tumor bearing state. Complete response (CR) was obtained in 5 cases and partial response (PR) in 4 among 9 evaluable recurrent cases. As for the recurrent cases whose main therapy was intra-arterial chemotherapy only, CR was gained in 3 and PR was got in 4 out of 7 cases. Severe side effects were observed in 11, moderate one in 15 and mild one in 6 cases.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Androblastoma in a five-year-old girl.

A case of androblastoma with not only signs of virilization but also manifestations of precocious puberty occurring in a five-year-old girl is presented. The postoperative diagnosis was one of undifferentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the right ovary in stage I c (International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology). The histopathological findings are precisely described with special reference to occurrence in young females and unique hormonal manifestations.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

[A clinicopathological study of advanced ovarian cancers without an enlargement of the ovaries].

A clinicopathologic study of advanced ovarian carcinomas without an enlargement of the primary site has been performed. Cases studied were taken from 64 cases with a "common" epithelial tumor whose ovaries upon resection were directly measured for size. The ovaries of five cases (8%) were normal in size, and 3 (5%) of this number had been treated by chemotherapy prior to the resection of their ovaries. All three cases had been suspected to have an ovarian cancer at the start of treatment, one of these cases given a definite diagnosis of ovarian cancer, stage III, and the remaining two cases diagnosed as belonging to a special category. In these 3 cases, the ovaries had decreased in size and the primary cancerous site was difficult to determine, owing to the administered chemotherapy. A preoperative diagnosis of the remaining two of the 2 cases suspected an ovarian cancer in one, and a uterine corpus carcinoma, Ia in the other, associated with an ovarian cancer, stage III. These findings suggest that even though the enlargement of the ovaries was not to be remarkable, a laparotomy should be performed in cases strongly suspected of ovarian cancer, so as to ascertain the correct diagnosis by a careful inspection of the intraabdominal cavity, such as checking for the presence of ascites with malignant cells, or an elevated serum CA 125 without any other accountable primary foci.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Pregnancies following conservative treatment of malignant ovarian tumors.

Sixteen patients with malignant ovarian tumors were treated conservatively; 1 had a serous cystadenoma of low potential malignancy; 6 had a mucinous cystadenoma of low potential malignancy; 2 had a pure dysgerminoma; 2 had a mature solid teratoma; 3 had a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma; and 2 had an endodermal sinus tumor. Postoperative chemotherapy was given in 12 cases and 1 patient with a pure dysgerminoma had radiotherapy. Eighteen pregnancies occurred in 13 patients. One full-term and one 8 month premature infant died in utero, and 2 infants had malformations; the other 14 infants are all well. The patient with moderately differentiated mucinous cystadenocarcinoma who delivered a premature infant and 2 patients with endodermal sinus tumors died of recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Comparison between nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis.

Two groups, 16 nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients (group I) and 22 alcoholic hepatitis patients (group II) classified according to the presence or absence of drinking and their histological characteristics, were compared on the basis of clinical, biochemical, and liver biopsy findings. The frequencies of female patients (p less than 0.01), obesity (p less than 0.001), and maturity-onset diabetes (p less than 0.005) were significantly greater in group I than in group II. The serum glutamic pyruvic transminase (p less than 0.05) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (p less than 0.05) contents were significantly greater in group II than in group I. The cholinesterase content (p less than 0.05) was significantly less in group II. Significant differences were found in the grades of nuclear vacuolation (p less than 0.001, Fisher's exact probability test), periportal pericellular fibrosis, proliferation of bile ductules, and changes in the shape of the portal tracts (p less than 0.001, Wilcoxon's rank-sum test). Zonal necrosis in group I was seen in only severe steatohepatitis. These clinical and biochemical findings were found to be useful in differentiating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from alcoholic hepatitis. Liver biopsy was of limited value at best in separating the two conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Advanced ovarian cancer treated by intraperitoneal immunotherapy with OK-432.

Twelve patients with advanced ovarian cancer with ascites were treated by intraperitoneal immunotherapy with OK-432 in combination with surgery and systemic immunochemotherapy. The median time for total resolution of ascites after the OK-432 injection was 7.1 days. In three of the four patients who died, it took more than the average number of days for the ascites to disappear. The ascites index, the ratio of the ascitic fluid volumes before and after intraperitoneal immunotherapy, was significantly higher in the patients who died than in those who survived. The side effects of intraperitoneal administration of OK-432 varied, but were not serious and relief was not needed in most cases. Intraperitoneal injection of OK-432 was considered effective in preventing the reappearance of ascites in these cases of advanced ovarian cancer, and the ascites index was believed to be related to the prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Serum thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine/thyroxine ratio in patients with fulminant, acute, and chronic hepatitis.

The concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), T3/T4 ratio, free thyroxine index, and thyroxine-binding globulin were investigated in 114 viral hepatic disease patients and 36 controls. The T3/T4 ratio in healthy hepatitis B virus carriers was significantly greater than those in the controls and fulminant, acute, or chronic active hepatitis patients. The T3/T4 ratio in the fulminant hepatitis patients was significantly less than those in the controls and other liver disease patients. The correlation coefficient between the T3/T4 ratio and microsomal arylamidase activity in liver tissue from 30 patients was 0.78 (p less than 0.001). The correlation coefficient between the T3/T4 ratio and the content of cholinesterase was 0.64 (p less than 0.001). These results suggest that the T3/T4 ratio represents a marker of microsomal function and is useful for estimation of prognosis of fulminant hepatitis or differentiation of various viral hepatic diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

A case of mixed mesodermal tumor of the uterus with alpha-fetoprotein production.

A case of mixed mesodermal tumor of the uterus with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) production in a postmenopausal woman is reported, with special reference to its histogenesis. Judging from the serum AFP levels, the AFP content of the tumor and immunohistochemical localization of AFP in the tumor, AFP was produced by the tumor. The observation that in this patient AFP existed exclusively in carcinoma cells strongly supports the hypothesis that malignant transformation of Müllerian epithelial and stromal cells in mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus occurs independently after the primitive mesenchymal cells have differentiated towards epithelial and stromal components.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Immune reaction between maternal and fetal tissue at the nidatory site of tubal pregnancy].

From the standpoint of local immunity of the nidatory site, the morphological appearance of 85 cases of tubal pregnancies whose nidatory sites were histologically proven, was analyzed. Also, the localization of human chorionic gonadotropin or hCG, a locally strong immunosuppressive substance, was immunohistochemically observed at the nidatory site in five cases of tubal pregnancies, aiming at the clarification of the feto-maternal immune reaction in early human pregnancy. In 48 cases out of 85 (56%), the basic structure of the nidatory site was observed, while in 37 out of 85 (46%), it was not. This shows that in some cases of tubal pregnancy, fibrinoid layer or lymphocytic layer was not always well developed. The finding that a band of lymphocytes appeared around the nidatory site seemed to show the existence of antigenicity of trophoblasts and of feto-maternal immune reaction at the implanted site. However, it was considered that there was little possibility of the lymphocytes participating in the rejection of the fetal tissues. Though the direct immunosuppressiveness of purified hCG is in dispute, the characteristic localization of hCG at the nidatory site suggested a possible role of the trophoblast in the trophoblastic shell with a great amount of hCG on local immunosuppressiveness at the nidatory site.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1985

[Complete remission of recurrent ovarian dysgerminoma obtained by combined chemotherapy with cisplatin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide].

Based on the clinical course of ovarian dysgerminoma with multiple metastatic foci in the lung recurring at 7 years and a half after initial therapy, various problems of diagnosis, treatment, and administration of this tumor were discussed. As to the multiple recurrent foci, complete remission was obtained by 3 courses of combined chemotherapy with cisplatin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide. Generally speaking, this type of tumor is remarkably sensitive to various kinds of oncostatics, and chemotherapy involving the above chemotherapeutic agents is worth trying in selective cases of advanced or recurrent cases.

Adult↗