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Biomedical subjects

K Katagiri

Publications and source records attributed to K Katagiri.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of incubation temperature on infectivity titration of mouse brain-passaged avian infectious bronchitis virus in laboratory host systems.

Mouse brain-passaged infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) could not be assayed for its infectivity at 39.5 degrees C, but could be so at 37 degrees C and 39.5 degrees C. Antigen accumulation was not detected by immunofluorescence in CEK cells infected with mouse brain-passaged IBV at 39.5 degrees C, perhaps due to the difference in the cellular environments.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Incidence of chicken coccidia from broiler houses in Japan, 1973-1977.

A survey was made on the incidence of coccidial oocysts in 11,365 fecal samples from Japanese broiler houses during five years from 1973 to 1977. The Eimerian species were identified by a combination of two methods, examination of oocyst morphology and chicken passage test. Oocysts were detected from 7,526 (66.2%) of the samples tested during five years. Annual variation was statistically significant at the 5% level. Coccidial incidence during July to September (corresponding to summer season) was found to be higher than that of other seasons. With regard to regional variation, incidence found in the north-eastern half of Japan was lower than that in the south-western half. Oocyst detection rate increased up to 40 days of age in chickens and kept plateau thereafter. Eimeria acervulina predominated throughout the years, seasons, regions and age of chickens. Other species of Eimeria were subjected to wide fluctuation while the survey was carried out.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Plastic multiwell plates to assay avian infectious bronchitis virus in organ cultures of chicken embryo trachea.

Simple assay systems for infectivity titrations of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chicken embryo trachea organ cultures (OC) were developed using plastic multiplate wells with one tracheal ring per well; these assays appeared to be much more satisfactory than the conventional rolled-tube method. The medium, 0.05 M HEPES (N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid)-buffered Eagle minimal essential medium was not changed during observation. A medium containing 0.4% bovine serum albumin did not influence the virus yield, but did stabilize virus viability during storage. Reproducibility of results obtained in the OC system was confirmed by performing replicate titrations of the Beaudette strain with three different passage histories. The mean virus titers in the OC were lower than those in chicken embryos, depending on the IBV passage histories. The time required for ciliostasis was related not only to the concentration of virus, but also to the IBV passage history. Application of OC techniques for the constant serum-variable virus neutralization test gave low neutralization indexes with excellent reproducibility as compared with those obtained in the chicken embryo assay system. Also, the slopes of neutralization curves obtained by assays in OC were less steep than those seen in the chicken embryo system.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Clearance of sulfamethoxazole in eggs and tissues of chickens.

Clearance of sulfamethoxazole (SMX, or sulfisomezole) in eggs and tissues of chicken after withdrawal of the drug which was medicated feed additively (at 0.2 or 0.4%) or administered intramuscularly (100 mg./kg., twice daily) for 5 successive days was determined using a fluorescamine reagent. Clearance patterns of SMX were found to be different between albumen and yolk. SMX level in albumen diminished linearly to below 0.1 p.p.m. (sensitivity level) by 5 days after the cessation of medication. On the other hand, SMX level in yolk remained at a plateau until 4 days, and thereafter decreased linearly to below 0.1 p.p.m. by 10 days. SMX levels in most tissues diminished below 0.1 p.p.m. by 3 days and those in kidney and skin by 4 days. Clearance patterns in tissue were quite similar to those in egg albumen. Proportion of acetylated-SMX to total-one in both albumen and yolk tended to increase up to 10% with the lapse of time after drug withdrawal. Acetylation was high in liver (36.5-43.6%), spleen skin and fat, but low in breast muscle and kidney (3.7-11%) in the groups of feed addition; while acetylation was low in liver of the group of intramuscular injection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Studies on cyclophosphamide metabolites and their related compounds. 2. Preparation of an active species of cyclophosphamide and related compounds.

A synthetic study was made on the active metabolite of cyclophosphamide. Ozonolysis of O-(3 butenyl)-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidate, prepared by reaction of POC13 with 3-buten-1-ol followed by treatment with N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amine (nor mustard) and NH3, afforded 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-4-hydroperoxytetrahydro-2H-1, 3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-oxide (4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide). Deoxygenation of 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide by triphenylphosphine yielded 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide in a pure crystalline state. These products exhibited high cytostatic activity in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results give confirmatory evidence for the hypothesis that C4-hydroxylation on the 1,3,2-oxazaphosphorinane ring of cyclophosphamide is necessary for its activation.

Acetals↗
PubMed1975

Staphylococcal footpad infection in mice.

Local footpad infection in mouse was investigated with 55 clinically isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus. When 10(7) viable cells were inoculated into the footpad, local swelling and bacterial growth resulted after 24 hr. With a dose of 10(6) cells, moderate swelling was observed after a few hours but the reaction had almost disappeared after 24 hr. About 75% of the staphylococcal strains tested caused footpad edema in mice at doses of 10(7) cells. A statistical comparison of the virulence of the organisms on intravenous and intraperitoneal injection with that in inducing footpad swelling is also reported.

Ampicillin↗