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Biomedical subjects

K Karbowski

Publications and source records attributed to K Karbowski.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Samuel Auguste Tissot (1728-1797). His research on migraine.

The famous Swiss physician of the eighteenth century, Samuel Auguste André David Tissot, devoted an 83-page chapter to migraine in his Traité des nerfs et de leurs maladies (Treatise on the nerves and nervous disorders). From his own personal observations and an exhaustive critical review of the medical literature, he described in clear terms the signs and symptoms and the clinical course of the disease, made known his findings to contemporary physicians and created a basis for research for future generations of doctors. In so doing, he fully deserves his high reputation as the classical authority on migraine.

History, 18th Century↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnostic problems in hysterical seizures].

The steeply increasing number of publications on psychogenic seizures during the last few years does not appear to be due to an increase in their incidence but to the introduction of videography into clinical practice. By this method, analysis of seizures and differential diagnosis between hysterical and epileptic seizures has become much easier. Out of the total of 40 seizures which have been recorded on video at the Neurological Department of the University of Berne during 1982 through 1983, 13 were obviously of psychic origin. The case of a patient with both hysterical and epileptic seizures is reported to illustrate the diagnostic difficulties in differentiating these two types of attack.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[History of the discovery of the Lasègue phenomenon and its variants].

Ernest Charles Lasègue (1816-1883) discovered, but did not describe himself, the straight-leg-raising sign. This sign was described by one of this disciples, J.-J. Forst, in a doctoral thesis in Paris in 1881. Almost at the same time, L.K. Lazarević in Belgrade dealt with the same subject. The crossed-sciatic phenomenon was described for the first time by a Polish neurologist, J. Fajersztajn. In the same publication he mentioned the possibility of the activation of sciatica as a result of dorsiflexion of the foot. Independently of Fajersztajn, the Genevan specialist for internal medicine, Maurice Roch, observed the same phenomenon and called it "Lasègue du pied". The eponym "Bragard sign" for this manoeuvre is not correct.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1984

Electroencephalographic findings in children treated with cytotoxic agents.

106 EEG investigations were carried out in 17 children with various types of neoplastic disease without cerebral involvement during one or more courses of treatment with cytotoxic agents. EEGs were recorded before and 24 h after administration of the drugs. A transient slowing of the dominant frequency in the alpha-band by about 1 c/s and a decrease in the relative power of alpha-activity by 20-30% was observed in only 4 patients. These children did not receive the same antineoplastic treatment. 1 patient received very high dose methotrexate, 2 patients received vincristine combined with other cytotoxic agents, and the other patient received L-asparaginase. It is suggested that EEG changes in patients receiving intravenous cytotoxic treatment usually occur only where there is a preexisting impairment of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier or the blood-brain barrier.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Long-term EEG course study in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease].

In a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease subsequently confirmed by autopsy, 34 EEGs were carried out in a 14 months period. 6 weeks after the beginning of the prodromal stage of the disease a triphasic, periodic activity was recorded for the first time. This activity was maximally in evidence at 15th week. A synchrony occurring between repetitive complexes and myoclonic jerks could between repetitive complexes and myoclonic jerks could only be observed during one recording. From the 5th month onwards the intensity of the periodic EEG pattern, seen longitudinally, gradually decreased. In the time-span from the 10th to the 13th month considerable fluctuations of periodic activity were found, this during the course of one as well as between different EEG recordings. These could reach from a pronounced typical pattern to complete disappearance of periodic triphasic complexes. As possible causes for these fluctuations, we discussed a variable driving by the subcortical pacemaker as well as a decreased capability of cerebral cortex--gradually loosing so many neurons--to react to subcortical stimuli. From the 14th month onwards the periodic activity no longer could be put in evidence. In the last EEG recorded 3 days before death isoelectric periods alternated with paroxysmal delta waves respectively sharp and slow wave complexes.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1982

Conventional and spectral EEG analysis in children treated with cytotoxic agents.

One hundred and six EEG investigations were carried out in 17 children with various types of neoplastic disease without cerebral involvement during one or more courses of treatment with cytotoxic agents EEGs were recorded before and 24 hr after administration of the drugs. The EEGs were evaluated visually and by spectral analysis. A transient slowing of the dominant frequency in the alpha band by about 1 Hz and a decrease in the relative power of alpha activity by 20-30% was observed in only 4 patients. These children did not show any clinical or biochemical signs of neurotoxicity. The children did not receive the same antineoplastic treatment. One patient received very high dose methotrexate, 2 patients received vincristine combined with other cytotoxic agents and the other patient received L-asparaginase. It is suggested that EEG changes in patients receiving intravenous cytotoxic treatment usually occur only where there is pre-existing impairment of the blood--cerebrospinal fluid barrier or blood-brain barrier. No clinical signs of epilepsy, new epileptiform waves in the EEG or long-term changes in the background activity of the EEG were observed in this pilot study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Recurring paroxysmal abdominal pains of cerebral origin].

Cerebral origin of relapsing paroxysmal abdominal pains is discussed in the light of six case histories, other personal observations and the literature. The pains are assumed to be due to locally limited epileptic discharges in areas of the cortex where the digestive tract is represented. When the neuronal discharges reach other brain formations, multisymptomatic, partial or generalized epileptic seizures occur. In such cases, therefore, the abdominal symptomatology is either a first stage or a rudiment of a more complex course of attack, and should not be considered as the expression of a particular form of epilepsy that might be termed abdominal epilepsy. Difficulties regarding differential diagnosis ensue in the case of migraine with abdominal symptomatology. The latter should be taken into account when relapsing attacks of abdominal pain, which cannot be explained gastroenterologically, persist for hours and alternate with headache. In case of doubt, a family history of migraine confirms the diagnosis.

Abdomen↗