Markedly delayed linear growth in a child with cloacal exstrophy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Alkalies↗
Biomedical subjects
K Kano
Publications and source records attributed to K Kano.
Enhancement of apoptosis in developing chick neural retina cells by basic fibroblast growth factor.
To evaluate the role of various growth factors in naturally occurring cell death during development of the neural retina, we examined the effects of such factors on the nuclear morphology and the size of DNA in cultured chick embryonic neural retina cells. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) increased internucleosomal cleavage of DNA and nuclear fragmentation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The effect was inhibited by anti-bFGF antibody, suramin, and cycloheximide. Epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, nerve growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and dexamethasone had no effect. These results provide evidence that bFGF may eventually act as a lethal factor inducing apoptotic cell death during the development of the neural retina in chick embryo.
Animals↗
[The physical, mental and social impacts of telling prostate cancer patients the true diagnosis].
BACKGROUND: Telling cancer patients the true diagnosis is inevitable to acquire informed consent especially in the Western world. In Japan, however, no such consensus has been established yet. We investigated the influence of telling the true diagnosis on QOL of prostate cancer patients. METHODS: We measured physical, mental and social aspect of prostate cancer outpatients by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the international Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS). Using the general linear models we tried to explore which variables would attribute to "severe depression", "anxiety and insomnia" and "social dysfunction". RESULTS: No significant differences were found in any of the eight variables (age, performance status, clinical stage, I-PSS and Goldberg's four factors of GHQ) among the two groups that were informed the true diagnosis or not. The correlation structures of "severe depression", "somatic symptoms" and I-PSS are significantly different in the two groups. As a result of the analysis by the GLM, "somatic symptoms", I-PSS and clinical stages had main effect on "severe depression". Also, there was an interaction between the effect of telling the true diagnosis and "somatic symptoms". CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the mental condition of prostate cancer patients remain stable when they are in good physical condition regardless of being informed the true diagnosis or not. However, the patients who weren't told the true diagnosis have a tendency to get depression accompanying deterioration of physical condition. It is therefore considered that telling the true diagnosis makes the patients understand the changes of their physical conditions and help their mind to be stable.
Aged↗
[Gender differences in lifestyles of the middle-aged and the elderly--a study in Satomi village, Ibaraki, Japan].
The purpose of this study was to examine the gender differences in the total lifestyles of the middle-aged and the elderly. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to assess the lifestyles of inhabitants aged 40 years and over. Only 400 middle-aged and elderly who lived in Satomi village, Ibaraki Prefecture were randomly sampled for this study. Though the questionnaires contained 99 items such as nutrition, exercise, cigarette use, alcohol use, rest; we used only 84 items in this study. Satomi village is a rural area with a population size of approximately 4,500 and an aging rate of 25.9%. Questionnaires were sent to the subjects by mail. The response proportion was 90%, and the valid response proportion was 85.3%. Subjects included 155 men and 186 women. The average age of all subjects was 61.5 +/- 12.0 years old: males; 60.8 +/- 11.5 years old, females; 62.1 +/- 12.4 years old. Gender differences were assessed for selected items with the chi 2 test. Women tended to have significantly better health habits on items such as nutrition, alcohol intake, and cigarette use (p < 0.05). Factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to separate the items. Three factors that had eigenvalues substantially > 1.0 were extracted and explained 49.7% of the total variance. Factor 1 reflects health promotional activities; Factor 2 denotes health preventive activities; Factor 3 reflects the avoidance of health risk. Though gender differences were not observed for Factor 1 (p = 0.8647), they were seen for Factor 2 (p = 0.0003) and Factor 3 (p = 0.0001) with the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Wilks'lambda test was utilized as likelihood ratio test mean vectors of Factor 1, Factor 2, and Factor 3 (p = 0.0001). The results of the Wilks'lambda test indicated significant gender differences. Our findings suggest significant gender differences in the total lifestyles, but not in the individual lifestyle habits.
Aged↗
Optical resolution of 1-arylethanols using transesterification catalyzed by lipases.
The enantioselective transesterification of various 1-arylethanols with vinyl acetate catalyzed by lipases has been studied in benzene. The phenyl, pyridyl, naphthyl, quinoryl, anthryl, phenanthryl and pyrenyl groups were used as the aryl groups. Amongst various lipases examined, the lipase from Candida antarctica (lipase CAL) is the best catalyst which shows high enantioselectivity and low substrate specificity.
Anthracenes↗
Regulation of the redox order of four hemes by pH in cytochrome c3 from D. vulgaris Miyazaki F.
The assignment of 1H-NMR signals of the heme methyl and propionate groups of cytochrome c3 of D. vulgaris Miyazaki F was performed. The heme assignment was revised for hemes 2 and 3 (sequential heme numbering). Namely, heme 4 is mainly reduced at first with hemes 1, 2 and 3 following it in this order. The p2H titration of heme methyl signals in four macroscopic oxidation states was performed in the p2H range of 5.2 to 9.0. While the heme methyl resonances in the fully oxidized state showed just small changes with p2H, most resonances in the intermediate oxidation states revealed clear p2H dependence. In particular, the methyl resonances of heme 1 shifted significantly in the acidic region. Then, the chemical shifts of beta-CH2 (next to the carboxyl group) of all propionate groups in the fully oxidized state were observed at various p2H in the range of 4.5 to 9.0. Only the propionate group at C-13 (IUPAC-IUB nomenclature) of heme 1 showed a clear change in this p2H range, its titration curve being similar to those of the methyl resonances of heme 1 in the intermediate oxidation states. pKa of the propionate group was 5.95 +/- 0.05. Analysis of the microscopic formal redox potentials was carried out for the observations at p2H 5.2, 7.1 and 9.0. The redox potentials of heme 1 showed the most remarkable p2H dependence, resulting in the change of the order of the redox potentials of four hemes. A significant change was also found in the interacting potential between hemes 1 and 2. In the light of the p2H-titration experiments, the propionate at C-13 of heme 1 was identified as the most plausible ionizable group responsible for the p2H dependence of microscopic redox potentials of heme 1 in the acidic region.
Cytochrome c Group↗
Measurements of oxidoreductase-like activity of intact bacterial cells by an amperometric method using a membrane-coated electrode.
The oxidation of D-glucose and nicotinic acid by intact cells of Gluconobacter industrious and Pseudomonas fluorescens, respectively, is successfully measured by an amperometric method using such compounds as Fe(CN)6(3-), p-benzoquinone, and dichlorophenolindophenol as electron acceptors. Analysis of the experimental results reveals that the intact cells behave like oxidoreductases whose kinetics follows a Michaelis-Mententype equation. The catalytic behavior is explained by a model which treats the bacterial cells as bags of enzymes and assumes distribution equilibrium in the concentrations of both the substrate and the electron acceptor between the test solution and the medium within the cells. The catalytic activity can be characterized by three quantities: the maximum reaction rate (vB) and the ratios of the Michaelis constant to the distribution constant for the substrate (Ks,cell/Ks,p) and to that for the electron acceptor (KM,cell/KM,p). Advanced modification of the model to involve the membrane permeability reveals that the three quantities are effective for explaining the catalytic behavior even when the permeability effect is significant. Thus, the three quantities should be regarded as the parameters which can reflect the permeability effect.
Electrochemistry↗
Enhancement of anticoagulant action by warfarin-benzbromarone interaction.
To investigate the interaction between warfarin potassium and benzbromarone, administration of benzbromarone to patients receiving long-term treatment with both drugs was discontinued for 1 week and then resumed, and the resulting changes in the coagulation system were examined. Thrombotest value, activity of coagulation factors II and VIII, concentration of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), total plasma concentration of warfarin, and free warfarin concentration were measured during the period of concurrent administration of the two drugs, 1 week after discontinuation of benzbromarone, and after resumption of benzbromarone administration. After administration of benzbromarone had been discontinued for 1 week, the thrombotest value and factor II activity rose significantly whereas PIVKA-II activity dropped significantly compared with corresponding levels before discontinuation, but these parameters tended to revert to the previously maintained levels after resumption of benzbromarone treatment. Activity of the vitamin K-independent factor VIII displayed almost no changes, however. Total plasma warfarin concentration also decreased significantly, and free warfarin concentration was nearly unchanged. These results verified that the anticoagulant action of warfarin is enhanced by concurrent administration of benzbromarone. Accordingly, adequate consideration must be devoted to the prevention of grave hemorrhagic tendencies when these two drugs are administered concurrently.
Aged↗
Expression of estrogen receptor and proto-oncogene messenger ribonucleic acids in reproductive tracts of neonatally diethylstilbestrol-exposed female mice with or without post-puberal estrogen administration.
Perinatal treatment of female mice with natural and synthetic estrogens including diethylstilbestrol (DES) results in estrogen-independent persistent proliferation and cornification of the vaginal epithelium. The dynamics of the induction of estrogen receptor (ER), c-jun, c-fos and c-myc mRNAs by 17 beta-estradiol (E2) was examined in the uterus and vagina of neonatally DES-exposed and -unexposed ovariectomized adult mice. In the uterus of neonatally DES-unexposed ovariectomized mice, the expression of ER mRNA increased within 1 h after E2 administration and declined by 12 h thereafter. ER mRNA in the vagina decreased within 1 h after the stimulation and recovered by 12 h thereafter. In the uterus, c-jun and c-fos mRNAs increased in concentration within 1 h after E2 administration, showing a peak 3 h after the stimulation; they decreased with time thereafter. In the vagina, the concentration of c-jun and c-fos mRNAs increased rapidly, reaching a peak within 1 h after the stimulation. However, the expression of c-myc in uterus and vagina was not changed by postpuberal E2. These results suggest that estrogen regulation of ER and proto-oncogene mRNAs in the vagina differs from those in the uterus. In the neonatally DES-exposed ovariectomized adult mice, uterine ER mRNA expression levels were significantly higher than in the unexposed ovariectomized controls; however, vaginal levels were drastically lower than in the controls. Expression of c-jun and c-fos mRNAs was greater in both the uterus (3- and 6-fold, respectively) and the vagina (18- and 4-fold) of neonatally DES-exposed mice than in controls. The ER mRNA and the increased levels of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs in both uterus and vagina of neonatally DES-exposed ovariectomized mice were not further altered by post-puberal E2 and may be related to ovary-independent persistent changes in the genital tract.
Animals↗
Glomerulonephritis with predominant paramesangial IgG deposition.
The new clinicopathological entity, immunoglobin G (IgG)-associated mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN), has been reported recently, but serial renal biopsies were not performed in the cases reported. The findings of three serial renal biopsies in a pediatric case with IgG-associated GN and paramesangial deposits are reported. Microscopic hematuria was found incidentally at the age of 8 years and the hematuria often worsened transiently during periods of upper respiratory infections. The patient was treated mainly with dipyridamole. The third biopsy showed that both paramesangial hemispherical deposits and predominant mesangial IgG deposits had increased, while mesangial cell proliferation had markedly decreased. These serial biopsy findings suggest that IgG-associated GN with microscopic hematuria and slight proteinuria may be characterized by a relatively benign histological and clinical course, as described in recent reports.
Child↗
Coffin-Siris syndrome: a case of an extremely low birthweight infant with severe kyphoscoliosis.
A case of Coffin-Siris syndrome in a male of extremely low birthweight with severe kyphoscoliosis is reported. His birthweight was 965 g, the lowest reported in the world for an infant with this syndrome. Coffin-Siris syndrome is characterized by nail hypoplasia of the fingers and toes, eyebrow hypertrichosis, prominent lips and prenatal or postnatal growth retardation. He was the only case who was mechanically ventilated from birth because of birth asphyxia. He died at 12 days of age because of sepsis, a poor immune system as in other extremely low birthweight infants, and because he easily suffered from upper respiratory infection as a result of Coffin-Siris syndrome. Kyphoscoliosis is suggested as one of the important features in low birthweight cases of Coffin-Siris syndrome in previous reports and in the present case.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Chronic respiratory failure after acquired cytomegalovirus infection in a very low birthweight infant.
The case of a female infant who developed chronic respiratory failure after an acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is presented here. She was a very low birthweight (VLBW) infant and was free from oxygen supplement until 2 months after birth. Interstitial pneumonia occurred at 2 months of age, and her respiratory condition gradually deteriorated. A chest roentgenogram at 4 months revealed hyperinflation and reticular shadow, similar to that of severe chronic lung disease (CLD) in preterm infants. She was mechanically ventilated because of progressive respiratory deterioration, and oxygen dependency continued for 5 months after extubation. There are several previous reports of CMV pneumonia in term neonates or infants. However, there appears to be no published report on the pulmonary sequelae of CMV pneumonia in VLBW infants. The present case seems to indicate that acquired CMV pneumonia in VLBW infants causes chronic respiratory failure even when mechanical ventilation is not administered, and this respiratory failure is very similar to CLD in clinical symptoms and chest roentgenogram.
Chronic Disease↗
[Role of growth factors in the eye].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Ultrastructural study on the harderian gland of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
The ultrastructure of the Harderian gland of the rabbit has been studied. The gland can be divided into two lobes (pink and white) by the naked eye. At the microscopic level, their epithelial cells differ morphologically, the vacuoles in the cells of the pink lobe being large, while those of the white lobe, small. In addition to the pink and white lobes, an intermediate area can be distinguished around the boundary between the two lobes on the basis of epithelial cell compositions. The acini on this area consist of two epithelial cell types, one is similar to that found in the white lobe, the second consists of the same cells as the pink lobe Myoepithelial cells are located between the secretory epithelium and its basal lamina. Mast cells, macrophages and plasma cells are found in the interstitial connective tissue of the Harderian gland.
Animals↗
Dolichyl phosphate, a potent inducer of apoptosis in rat glioma C6 cells.
Exposure of rat glioma C6 cells to dolichyl phosphate resulted in cell shrinkage followed by nuclear fragmentation and internucleosomal cleavage of genomic DNA, yielding ladder patterns of oligonucleosomal fragments, all characteristics of apoptosis. This phenomenon occurred in a dose and time dependent manner. Dolichol and prenol failed to induce apoptosis. The inhibitors of N-glycosylation, tunicamycin and swainsonine had no apparent effect on dolichyl phosphate-induced apoptosis. Apoptotic changes were also observed in HL-60 cells, SIRC cells and HeLa cells. Thus, dolichyl phosphate functions as a potential apoptosis inducer as well as an essential carrier lipid in the biosynthesis of N-linked glycoprotein.
Animals↗
Ability of non-cyclic oligosaccharides to form molecular complexes and its use for chiral separation by capillary zone electrophoresis.
The binding constants (K) for complexation of the phenyl acetates with linear alpha-1,4-linked dextrins have been determined from the kinetics of the hydrolyses of the esters. The K value tends to increase with increasing the number of the glucopyranose units, suggesting hydrophobic interaction as a binding force. The weak ability of the linear dextrins to form the molecular complexes makes it possible to separate the enantiomers of binaphthyl derivatives such as 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid, 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diyl hydrogenphosphate and 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid in their anionic forms. Hydrogen bonding as well as hydrophobic interaction is suggested as an essential force for enantioselective complexation between saccharide and anionic binaphthyl.
Carbohydrate Conformation↗
Poly A-linked non-isotopic microtiter plate reverse transcriptase assay for sensitive detection of clinical human immunodeficiency virus isolates.
A colorimetric reverse transcriptase assay (cRT assay) was developed for quantitative detection of HIV-1. In this format, reverse transcriptase incorporates biotin-labeled dUTP onto oligo-dT primers hybridized to poly A templates. The templates are covalently bound to the surface of microtiter wells. The amount of incorporated biotin-labeled dUTP is measured by binding horseradish peroxidase conjugated streptavidin, washing away unbound peroxidase, adding colorimetric substrate and then reading with a standard colorimetric reader. The sensitivity of the assay is very good. As little as 3 x 10(5) molecules of recombinant HIV-RT can be detected after 20 h of reaction time. Direct comparison using 3 cultured clinical isolates indicates that this level of detection is equivalent to the commercially available p24 antigen capture assay and the HIV-RNA assay based on branched DNA signal amplification. Other retroviruses, such as HIV-2 and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), can also be detected in this format. This non-isotopic assay is easy to perform and could provide a convenient and quantitative method for HIV study by monitoring reverse transcriptase, an essential activity in the infection process.
Animals↗
Event-related changes of background electroencephalogram during contingent negative variation paradigm.
The autoregressive model was applied to the background electroencephalogram during the tone(S1)-tone(S2)-respond contingent negative variation paradigm under eyes-open condition. The EEG data were obtained at the scalp sites of Fz, Cz, and Pz in seven normal males. During the first half of the interstimulus interval (ISI) of 2.5 s, Fz-dominant excitatory process was suggested in concordance with an orienting response to stimulus 1. In the second half of the ISI, Pz-dominant inhibitory process was considered. The stimulus 2 presentation and the required motor response promoted the Pz-dominant process.
Adult↗