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Biomedical subjects

K Kanazawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Kanazawa.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Relationship between antigens and IgG subclasses in bullous pemphigoid.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease characterized in part by the presence of tissue-bound and circulating antibodies (mostly of IgG) to the basement membrane zone (BMZ). We previously reported that IgG subclasses of BP antibodies were IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4, and that only BP IgG1 fixed complements. In this study, we examined whether BP IgG sub-classes bound to the same epitope of BP antigen or a different epitope. In an inhibition immunofluorescence studies, the complement fixing capability of IgG1 was inhibited by the pretreatment with IgG4 and partially inhibited by IgG2. On immunoblot analysis, IgG1 and IgG4 were bound to the same MW of BP antigen. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the binding capability of IgG subclass fractions from patients with BP to synthetic peptide P1-2, exceeding normal IgG subclass fractions was seen in five IgG1, one IgG2 and two IgG4, from eight BP patients. The binding capability of IgG subclass fractions from the patients with BP to P1-1, exceeding the normal IgG fractions was seen in two IgG1, three IgG2 and one IgG4 from ten BP patients. On inhibition ELISA, the binding activity to P1-2 of IgG4 was partially inhibited by the pretreatment of IgG1 and IgG2. These findings suggest that BP IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 could bind to the same epitope though considerable variation occurred between patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Tissue blood flow of the sigmoid colon for safe anastomosis following ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery].

We examined the tissue blood flow (TBF) of the sigmoid colon to determine which level of inferior mesenteric artery. In 13 patients, TBF of the sigmoid colon was measured in the control state and the clamped state, in which the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), left colic artery and the rectal were wall clamped. In the clamped state, means of TBF at 10 cm and 15 cm distal to the descend-sigmoid junction were 1.87 +/- 0.77 and 1.10 +/- 0.40, respectively. Mean of TBF at 15 cm was significantly lower than that at 10 cm. In conclusion, TBF which is enough for safe anastomosis reaches as far as 10 cm distal from the descend-sigmoid junction after ligation of IMA. Anastomosis at this level in anterior resection of the rectum is safe in concerning with TBF.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of infertility associated with endometriosis by selective tubal catheterization under hysteroscopy and laparoscopy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of treatment for infertility associated with endometriosis by selective tubal catheterization under hysteroscopy and laparoscopy. STUDY DESIGN: Eighty-eight infertile women who underwent selective tubal catheterization with insufflation of oil-soluble radiopaque dye were reviewed. The efficacy of treatment was analyzed with regard to conception rate. RESULTS: The conception rate after selective tubal catheterization was higher in women with endometriosis (60%) than in women without endometriosis (36.5%) (p < 0.05). Most women conceived within the first 4 months after treatment. No statistical difference in conception rate was observed among patients with stage I, II, or III disease. CONCLUSIONS: Selective tubal catheterization with insufflation of oil-soluble radiopaque dye was an effective treatment for infertility associated with endometriosis.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1993

Effects of newly introduced chemotherapeutic agents on a cytogenetically highly malignant neuroblastoma, xenotransplanted in nude mice.

A human neuroblastoma xenograft, designated TNB9, was used in this experiment. This xenograft is known to have a homogeneously staining region (HSR) on chromosome 20 and to exhibit 60- to 100-fold amplification of clones 8, G21 and N-myc, and showed a rapid tumor weight doubling time of 5.9 days; it represents one of the most malignant strains of human neuroblastoma. The effects of nine different chemotherapeutic agents on this xenograft were studied according to the standard Battelle Columbus Laboratories protocol, and the in vivo chemotherapeutic sensitivity assessment disclosed that Mitomycin C, Ifosfamide, and Carboplatin were highly effective against it, while VP-16, NK-171, 5-Fluorouracil, and THP-Adriamycin were ineffective. Cytogenetic and molecular-cytogenetic analyses suggest that the present data may accurately predict the clinical results with these chemotherapeutic agents in treating patients in advanced stages, as did those from our previous studies. Inclusion of Mitomycin C, Ifosfamide, and/or Carboplatin into a new chemotherapeutic protocol may be recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Induction of inflammatory cytokines in the pleural effusion of cancer patients after the administration of an immunomodulator, OK-432: role of IL-8 for neutrophil infiltration.

When OK-432, a well-known streptococcal preparation for an anti-tumour drug, was administered into the pleural cavity of patients with malignant pleurisy, a rapid and prominent leukocytosis, predominantly consisting of neutrophils, was observed in the cavity. Neutrophil infiltration usually peaked 6-9 h after OK-432 administration, and levelled down after 24 h. Prior to the neutrophil accumulation, transient but marked elevation of various inflammatory cytokine levels including IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-8 and G-CSF was observed. In particular, IL-8 levels increased more than 10-fold, while GM-CSF did not change significantly. A good correlation between IL-8 levels and neutrophil chemotactic response was observed particularly during 0-3 h. Specific neutralization or removal of IL-8 by antibody column abrogated half of the neutrophil chemotaxis, while neutralization of C5a removed around 40%. Sequential removal of IL-8 and C5a abrogated totally 80% of chemotaxis, confirming that these two factors are mostly responsible for the neutrophil chemotaxis in the pleural fluids. These results have suggested that rapid neutrophil infiltration induced by OK-432 in vivo is ascribable largely to IL-8 and in part to C5a.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Papillo-choledochectomy in the operative management of mucosal neoplasms of the periampullary region.

Two patients with mucosal cancer of the periampullary region were treated with papillo-choledochectomy, which entails removal of the papilla of Vater and the whole length of the common bile duct. The neoplasm is dissected out through the plane between the duodenal circular and longitudinal muscles, deep to the sphincter of Oddi and the fibromuscular layer of the bile duct. Pathological examination showed that cancer was confined to the mucosal layer without stromal invasion, and that the operation achieved radical cure. For mucosal cancer, papillo-choledochectomy is an alternative to pancreatoduodenectomy, provided that repeated frozen-section studies confirm the completeness of excision.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

An abdominal wall-lift method of laparoscopic cholecystectomy without peritoneal insufflation.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is unusually performed with peritoneal insufflation of carbon dioxide gas, which limits the free use of conventional surgical techniques and is accompanied by operative risks resulting from trocar insertion, hypercapnia, and increased intraabdominal pressure. We have improved the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure by using an abdominal wall-lift technique that does not utilize peritoneal insufflation. The operative field is almost the same as in the pneumoperitoneum method with the exception of morbidly obese patients. Because airtightness between manipulating instruments and the abdominal wall is not required, we are able to use conventional surgical instruments and techniques in addition to those specifically designed for laparoscopic surgery. The abdominal wall-lift method enables us to perform laparoscopic surgery with greater ease than the pneumoperitoneum method. It can also be extended to other kinds of abdominal surgery in addition to cholecystectomy.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1992

Carbohydrate binding specificity of immobilized Psathyrella velutina lectin.

The carbohydrate binding specificity of Psathyrella velutina lectin (PVL) was thoroughly investigated by analyzing the behavior of various complex-type oligosaccharides and human milk oligosaccharides on a PVL-Affi-Gel 10 column. Basically, the lectin interacts with the nonreducing terminal beta-N-acetylglucosamine residue, but does not show any affinity for the nonreducing terminal N-acetylgalactosamine or N-acetylneuraminic acid residue. Substitution of the terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues of oligosaccharides by galactose completely abolishes their affinity to the column. GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----4sorbitol binds to the column, but GlcNAc beta 1----6Gal beta 1----4sorbitol is only retarded in the column. The behavior of degalactosylated N-linked oligosaccharides is quite interesting. Although all degalactosylated monoantennary sugar chain isomers are retarded in the column, those with the GlcNAc beta 1----2Man group interact more strongly with the column than those with the GlcNAc beta 1----4Man group or the GlcNAc beta 1----6Man group. The degalactosylated bi- and triantennary sugar chains bind to the column, but the tetraantennary ones are only retarded in the column. These results indicated that the binding affinity is not simply determined by the number of terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues. Addition of the bisecting N-acetylglucosamine residue reduces the affinity of oligosaccharides to the column, but addition of an alpha-fucosyl residue at the C-6 position of the proximal N-acetylglucosamine residue does not affect the behavior of oligosaccharides in the column. These results indicated that the binding specificity of PVL is quite different from those of other N-acetylglucosamine-binding lectins from higher plants, which interact preferentially with the GlcNAc beta 1----4 residue.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1992

Effectiveness of prednisolone/aspirin therapy for recurrent aborters with antiphospholipid antibody.

Seventeen women with recurrent fetal loss associated with anti-phospholipid antibody were treated by prednisolone and low-dose aspirin (PSL/ASP) therapy from the early gestational period. The success rate of pregnancy in the treated patients was significantly higher than that in 12 untreated patients of similar background, including age, number of previous fetal losses and anti-cardiolipin titre (76.5 versus 8.3%, P less than 0.01). The degree of fetal growth retardation evident in previous pregnancies was also improved by the therapy, suggesting that PSL/ASP itself has a beneficial effect against placental damage. These clinical improvements were accompanied by a reduction in anti-phospholipid antibody titre, especially that of anti-phosphatidylserine antibody (anti-PS), to within the normal range within 8 weeks after PSL/ASP administration in most of the treated patients. There was no reduction of antibody titre in the untreated patients during pregnancy. It was concluded that PSL/ASP therapy, when started in the early gestational period (prior to 8 weeks gestation), was effective for the achievement of successful pregnancy and the prevention of fetal growth retardation and that the anti-PS titre was a good clinical marker for evaluating the effect of PSL/ASP therapy.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1992

Benign follicular thyroid nodule composed of signet-ring-like cells with PAS-negative thyroglobulin accumulation in dilatated rough endoplasmic reticulums.

A benign follicular thyroid nodule composed of signet-ring-like cells in a 46-year-old Japanese euthyroid woman is reported. Thyroglobulin was positive, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and other mucin stainings were negative in the cytoplasm of signet-ring-like cells. Ultrastructurally their cytoplasm contained many dilatated rough endoplasmic reticulums (rERs), the largest of which compressed the nucleus toward the cellular apical portion. Functional disturbance of rER or Golgi apparatus might be the cause of this characteristic cellular change.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1992

Carbohydrate structures of beta-core fragment of human chorionic gonadotropin isolated from a pregnant individual.

Highly purified beta-core fragment was obtained from urine of a pregnant woman with use of an immunoaffinity column. The amino acid sequence of beta-core fragment indicated that it is composed of two polypeptides linked by a disulfide bond. The two polypeptides correspond to the 6-40 and 55-92 portions of hCG beta-subunit. Both Asn13 and Asn30 residues were glycosylated. The N-linked sugar chains of beta-core fragment were quantitatively released as radioactive oligosaccharides by hydrazinolysis, followed by N-acetylation and NaB3H4 reduction. The radioactive oligosaccharides were fractionated by serial lectin column chromatography and Bio-Gel P-4 column chromatography, and their structures were investigated by sequential exoglycosidase digestion and periodate oxidation. The results indicated that they were a mixture of the four oligosaccharides: Man alpha 1----6(+/- Man alpha 1----3)Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4(+/- Fuc alpha 1----6)GlcNAc. The structural characteristics of the sugar chains of beta-core fragment are quite different from those of the beta-subunit of hCG whose structures were typical biantennary sugar chains containing the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----2 group as their outer chains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Ultracytochemistry of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in adrenal gland.

The distribution of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity has been studied by a copper ferrocyanide method in the adrenal cortex cells of a rat. The site of the G6PDH activity was close to the ribosome between the round mitochondria of zonas fasciculata and reticularis.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1992

Butylated hydroxyanisole produces both mutagenic and desmutagenic derivatives under gastric conditions.

Dietary butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) has been known to have inconsistent functions on carcinogenesis, both prevention and initiation. We assumed that both functions of BHA were introduced by the derivatives formed after the reaction with gastric components such as nitrite in the stomach. We then identified the derivatives produced by incubating BHA with sodium nitrite at pH 2.0 or pH 5.0. Eight derivatives were detected; 2-tert.-butyl-p-quinone (BQ), 3,3'-di-tert.-butyl-biphenyldiquinone-(2,5,2',5') (BBDQ), 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-8-hydroxy-dibenzofuran-1,4-quinone (BHDQ), 6-nitro-BHA, 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,3'-di-tert.-butyl-5,5'-dimethoxy-biphenyl (di-BHA), an oxidized product of di-BHA, and two unstable reaction intermediates. BQ was a major final product at pH 2.0, but not at pH 5.0. 6-Nitro-BHA and the oxidized products of di-BHA were also the final products. BBDQ was formed from di-BHA and easily converted to BHDQ. Their mutagenicity and desmutagenicity were assayed using Salmonella typhimurium strains. BQ and BBDQ were the mutagens of base-substitution type, BHDQ was the potent desmutagen against a mutagenicity of Trp-P-2, and the others had neither of the two activities. Thus, BHA was found to produce both the mutagen and desmutagen under the gastric conditions. BQ has been previously reported to be easily detoxified by glutathione, and BHA itself is well known to prevent carcinogenesis. In the assessment of dietary BHA on carcinogenesis, since one of the mutagens from BHA is easily detoxified in our bodies and another is converted to a desmutagen, BHA appears to be one of the favourable chemicals for us.

Anticarcinogenic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from lung cancer presenting with paraparesis: an autopsied case.

A 75-year-old male presented with paraparesis and pain in the thighs, which progressed rapidly. Five days later, he was unable to stand or to void urine. A lung cancer was found in the right upper lobe. A spinal cord metastasis from the lung cancer was suspected from the neurologic and pulmonary findings. After 2 weeks, motor dysfunction and a total sensory deficit were observed below the lumbar region, and the patient developed pneumonia, which resulted in death. Autopsy showed an extensive intramedullary metastasis at the third lumbar segment of the spinal cord. Histology revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗