The effects of the aromatase inhibitor, CGS16949A, and the fluoropyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), on cell cycle distribution and growth were studied using FACS analysis and MTT assay in the human breast cancer cell line, SK-BR-3. CGS16949A induced an increase in the G0-G1 fraction on SK-BR-3 cells, and the growth inhibition rate of the combination of both (65.7 +/- 3.0%) was significantly higher than 10 nM CGS16949A (37.9 +/- 6.9%) or 100 microg/ml 5-FU (45.6 +/- 4.5%); p < 0.01). Administering 5-FU after preincubation with CGS16949A significantly increased the combined cytotoxic efficacy, suggesting that clinical therapy using this combined therapy may be more efficient.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship of p53 and Helicobacter pylori to clinicopathological features of human remnant stomach cancer after gastric surgery for primary gastric cancer.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biological features of gastric cancer of the remnant stomach (RSC). Twenty-one patients underwent resection of the remnant stomach for RSC and were divided into two groups: the RSCB group consisted of 11 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy for benign disease and the RSCM group consisted of 10 patients who underwent gastrectomy for primary gastric cancer. The interval between primary surgery and the appearance of gastric cancer in the remnant stomach was significantly shorter in the RSCM group than in the RSCB group. Invasion of adjacent organs was more frequent in the RSCM group than in the RSCB group and the Ki-67 labeling index of the tumors was significantly higher in the former group. Furthermore, p53 overexpression by tumors was almost twice as common in the RSCM group as in the RSCB group. Although there was no significant difference of the H. pylori positivity between the two groups, the rate for both groups was higher than reported in previous studies. Mutation of p53 may play an important role in the high proliferative activity of tumors in the RSCM group and H. pylori infection may be closely related to carcinogenesis in patients with RSC.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in a renal transplant patient--report of a case and literature review.

A 45-year-old woman underwent hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma developing after 2 renal transplants. She had a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma and central bisegmentectomy of the liver was performed. Administration of immunosuppressants was continued to maintain renal function in the perioperative period. Although our patient suffered from severe pneumonia postoperatively, she recovered without a decline in renal function. She has been alive for 1 year and 3 months after hepatectomy with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence in the remnant liver. Any patient undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma after renal transplantation should be managed as an immunocompromised host. Previously reported cases of hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in renal transplant recipients were reviewed.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro fertilization of oocytes from polyovular follicles in mouse ovaries exposed neonatally to diethylstilbestrol.

In 35-day-old female ICR/JCL mice given 5 daily injections of 1 microgram diethylstilbestrol (DES) from the day of birth, a significantly higher incidence of polyovular follicles was found in the ovaries than in those of age-matched control mice. Gap junctions of granulosa cells of mature follicles in neonatally DES-exposed mice were larger than those of the controls. When stimulated by gonadotropins (PMSG and hCG) and caged with males, the number of tubal embryos in DES-exposed mice was less, but the rate of fertilization and development was not different compared to the controls. Division of oocytes collected from the ovaries of 40-day-old DES-exposed and control mice after stimulation of gonadotropins was examined 24 to 72 h after in vitro insemination to ascertain whether fertilization had occurred in oocytes from polyovular follicles. Seventy-seven % of oocytes from uniovular follicles of control mice developed up to 8-cell stage embryos following in vitro insemination; 66% of those from similar follicles of DES-exposed mice developed into the same stage. By contrast, only 47% of oocytes from polyovular follicles of DES-exposed mice showed the division up to 8-cell stage 72 h after insemination, indicating a significantly lower fertilization rate compared to the oocytes from uniovular follicles of control and DES-exposed mice. Without insemination, oocytes taken from the same pools in these experiments never divided during the period of manipulation and incubation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

DNA-binding characteristics of aclarubicin as compared with daunorubicin and doxorubicin.

The effect of ionic strength on aclarubicin - DNA complexes was studied in comparison with its effect on daunorubicin - or doxorubicin - DNA complexes, using the spectrophotometric method. The hypochromic shift of aclarubicin, induced by its binding to native DNA, decreased to a lesser extent by the addition of Na+ than those of daunorubicin and doxorubicin, which suggests that aclarubicin-native DNA complexes are the most stable at high ionic strength. Similar examinations were made with heat-denatured DNA and polyvinyl sulfate (PVS). Aclarubicin-denatured DNA complexes showed a greater decrease in the hypochromic shift by the addition of Na+ than the corresponding complexes with native DNA. However, for daunorubicin and doxorubicin, there were no significant differences between the complexes of anthracyclines with native and denatured DNAs. In addition, the hypochromic shift of aclarubicin-PVS complexes decreased more prominently by the addition of Na+ than those of daunorubicin - and doxorubicin - PVS complexes. These results suggest that the electrostatic interaction of aclarubicin with DNA is more labile than that of daunorubicin and doxorubicin, since anthracyclines bind to single-stranded DNA and polyelectrolytes primarily by electrostatic interaction. Therefore, the other types of interaction, which may be stronger than that of daunorubicin and doxorubicin, seem to be associated with the higher stability of aclarubicin-native DNA complexes at high ionic strength. The structural differences between aclarubicin and daunorubicin or doxorubicin are considered to contribute to the differences in DNA-binding characteristics observed in this study.

Aclarubicin↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro and clinical evaluations of a dentin bonding system with a dentin primer.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a dentin primer in improving dentin-to-composite bond strengths mediated by a dentin adhesive. The investigation consisted of both an in vitro tensile bond test, in which fresh bovine dentin was used, and clinical evaluation. In the in vitro bond test, bovine dentin surfaces were treated with the primer (an aqueous solution of HEMA) for different durations (10, 20, 30, and 60 seconds) prior to bonding of the light-cured adhesive and placement of a light-cured composite material. For the clinical evaluation, a total of 33 cervical erosion lesions were restored with the combination of the primer, the adhesive, and the composite. To comply with ADA requirements for the acceptance program of dentin-bonding agents, no enamel etching nor any mechanical retentive locks were performed in those restorations. Significant increases in bond strength were obtained in specimens treated with the primer. Regarding the clinical evaluations in which 30 restorations were available for the 6-month recall and 15 restorations were also available for the 1-year recall, all samples demonstrated a retentive rate of 100%.

Adult↗