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Biomedical subjects

K Kakinoki

Publications and source records attributed to K Kakinoki.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical effect on tumor regression and tissue concentration of peplomycin treated with peplomycin emulsion in hydroxypropylcellulosum].

Peplomycin emulsified in hydroxypropyl cellulosum (HPC-PEP) was prepared for intravesical chemotherapy. Clinical efficacy of HPC-PEP and tissue concentration of peplomycin (PEP) were studied in 12 patients with bladder tumor. Histopathology showed transitional cell carcinoma; 2 in grade 1,8 in grade 2, and 2 in grade 3. The total volume of 30 ml HPC-PEP was prepared from a mixture of 2% HPC and 90 mg PEP in 15 ml saline, and was intravesically administered through a urethral catheter and retained for two hours. Clinical evaluation 7 days after the initial instillation demonstrated good tumor regression in 2, good response in 5, and no change in 5. The mean PEP level in tumor tissue was 0.36 microgram/gr after 7 days and 0.19 microgram/gr even after 14 days. These clinical observations and tissue levels of PEP suggest that HPC-PEP might be useful as an intravesical instillation agent for bladder tumor.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of transrectal longitudinal ultrasonography of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis].

Transrectal longitudinal ultrasonography was performed in 34 patients with chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. Prostatic stones and cystic lesions were associated with chronic non-bacterial prostatitis in 67.6% and 11.8%, respectively. The annual relapse rates of clinical symptoms were related to the presence of prostatic stones and cystic lesions. Transrectal ultrasonography plays a very important role in predicting the clinical courses of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Studies of enzymuria and proteinuria: Report 2; Relationship between glomerular filtration rate and urinary enzymuria and proteinuria].

Urinary splitting enzymes and proteins including N-acetyl-b-D-glucosanimidase (NAG), beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2MG), and alpha 1 microglobulin: (alpha 1MG), which are established to be useful in the evaluation of renal dysfunction, especially renal tubular impairment, were measured to determine the extent of renal tubular impairment in relation to the degree of glomerular dysfunction in patients with renal deterioration. In healthy volunteers, urinary NAG, alpha 1MG and beta 2MG levels were 3.5 +/- 1.4 (mean +/- SD) U/g creatinine, 2.5 +/- 2.0 mg/l and 88 +/- 75 micrograms/l, respectively. While serum beta 2MG level (SBMG; microgram/ml) was between 2.0 and 2.9, among the patients with renal dysfunction, NAG, alpha 1MG and BMG levels showed 8.6 +/- 5.5, 9.8 +/- 5.8 and 785 +/- 1,264, respectively, and further elevated to 10.1 +/- 5.0, 16.5 +/- 0.7 and 525 +/- 440, respectively with a SBMG level over 3.0. Thus glomerular function was deteriorated, urinary alpha 1MG level elevated to significantly higher with a parallel to renal dysfunction. In patients with more severe renal dysfunction, the corresponding urinary NAG and alpha 1MG levels became significantly higher. However, urinary beta 2MG level was significantly higher in patients with moderate renal dysfunction compared to healthy volunteers only when SBMG level was more than 2.0. Therefore, it was more valuable to measure urinary alpha 1MG with NAG or beta 2MG at SBMG level of less than 1.9 and to determine urinary NAG and alpha 1MG at greater than 2.0. These results indicated that the measurement of the levels of urinary splitting enzymes and proteins is valuable in the evaluation of proximal tubular impairment, even when the degree of glomerular impairment is minimal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

[Study on urinary splitting enzymes and proteins. III. Effect of non-ionic contrast medium on renal function].

Renal toxicity of non-ionic contrast medium (iohexol) for drip infused pyelography (DIP) was studied in a randomized trial of nine patients with normal renal function. Urine samples were collected before and immediately after DIP, and analyzed for albumin, an index of glomerular permeability; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), a brush-border enzyme; N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), a lysosomal enzyme; alpha 1 microglobulin (alpha 1MG) and beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2MG), an index to tubular proteinuria; and creatinine. The urinary excretion of enzymes and proteins was compared with urinary creatinine. Urinary excretion of gamma-GTP and NAG increased significantly (P less than 0.001, 0.02) after DIP. Urinary alpha 1 MG and beta 2-MG did not change significantly. The change of urinary albumin was mild. Our data suggest that non-ionic, low osmolal radiocontrast medium ioheol shows a lower renal tubular toxicity, and the brush-border enzyme gamma-GTP and lysosomal enzyme NAG are considered as a good index for renal tubular damage.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of metoprolol in patients with renal hypertension].

Eighteen patients with renal hypertension were treated with metoprolol (Seloken) for more than 3 months. Compared with the pretreatment value, the mean blood pressure decreased by 6.0, 11.2, 9.2 and 12.2 mmHg, after 2 weeks and 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment with metoprolol, respectively. All the differences observed were statistically significant (p less than 0.01). The blood pressure lowering effect of metoprolol was observed in 12 of the 17 patients (70.6%) examined. Decrease in plasma renin activity was seen in most of the responders. Although the number of patients was limited, the plasma level of metoprolol was also measured. The results indicated no sign of accumulation of metoprolol in the body. Moderate deterioration in renal function was observed in 1 patient but the treatment with metoprolol could be continued. Metoprolol administration had to be discontinued in 1 patient, who developed asthma. There were no other serious side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical efficacy of flucytosine on urinary candidiasis].

An antifungal agent (Flucytosine) was used to treat urinary candidiasis in 9 patients who had an indwelling catheter and developed fungal colony counts greater than 10(4). Among 9 patients with catheter drainage, urologic underlying diseases were benign prostatic hyperplasia in 7 and a neurogenic bladder in one patient all of whom had accompanied diabetes mellitus. Only one patient was supravesically diverted from the upper urinary tract through an indwelling catheter of bilateral ureterocutaneostomy after the removal of a tumorous bladder. All patients had previously received antimicrobials. Isolated strains of Candida were Candida albicans in 6, Candida tropicalis in 2, and Candida parapsilosis in one patient. Out of 9 patients having received daily administration of 1,500 mg Flucytosine for 2 weeks, 7 patients subsequently had no yield of fungal colony after the treatment. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of this agent was determined at the range of 0.1 to 0.2 microgram/ml in 5 patients with C. albicans and 0.2 microgram/ml in both patients with C. tropicalis. Otherwise, a high MIC of over 100 micrograms/ml indicating resistance to this agent was observed in only 2 patients with C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. Three of the 7 patients had recurrent urinary Candida infection even 2 weeks after the discontinuation of this antifungal therapy despite rapid and excellent eradication of urinary candidiasis. From these results, Flucytosine may be one of the most promising antifungal agent with a low MIC in the treatment of compromised urinary Candida infection and should be occasionally supplemented with a topical instillation of amphotericin B without any serious complication in the prevention of recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical studies of varicocele. 2: Radiographic examination and measurement of spermatic vein pressure in varicocele patients].

There are two types of internal spermatic veins (ISV) by radiographic examinations. In type 1, ISV is dilated with some collateral venous branches. On the other hand, ISV of type 2 is narrowed with increased collateral venous branches or abnormalities such as the circumaortic renal are seen. In these groups, pressure of renal vein and ISV were measured. As a result, renal vein pressure was about the same in type 1 as in the controls at 9.5 +/- 2.3 cmH2O but was higher in type 2 at 17.0 +/- 2.8 cmH2O. As for ISV, it was also about the same in type 2 as in the controls at 13.9 +/- 6.8 cmH2O but was markedly higher in type 2 at 33.3 +/- 3.9 cmH2O. When selective renal venography was performed, a contrast medium back-flow was seen in 9 out of 11 type 1 varicocele patients, but it was not seen in any of the cases with the nutcracker phenomenon. These results suggested that type 1 may be caused by the structural and functional disorders in the valve between the renal vein and ISV. In contrast, pathogenesis of type 2 varicocele may be due to an abnormality of the ISV in the embryo.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical studies of varicocele. 3: A rare venous return via Santorini's plexus in a varicocele patient. Report of a case].

A 12-year-old man was referred to our clinic because of sanguineous discharge. At the out-patient department, bilateral varicocele was found. Urinalysis showed microscopic hematuria, but no other laboratory data were abnormal. Excretion urography was normal. The retrograde phlebograph showed a rare venous return via Santorini's plexus and lumbar veins. After varicocelectomy, urinalysis improved.

Child↗
PubMed1987

[Studies of enzymuria and proteinuria: Report 1: N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in urological diseases].

N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) exists in renal tubules and seminal tract. We measured the NAG level in patients with urinary tract and seminal tract diseases and evaluated its clinical significance. The urinary NAG level was high in renal tubular function disorders such as glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy and hydronephrosis. In these patients, NAG-isoenzyme studies indicated that the A-type isoenzyme decreased while the B-type isoenzyme increased. On the other hand, in the seminal tract disease patients, the urinary NAG level was high in benign prostatic hypertrophy with a catheter indwelling and in prostatitis. Urinary and seminal NAG-isoenzymes were measured in normal subjects. The isoenzyme patterns for urinary NAG and seminal NAG differed. The urinary NAG isoenzymes were measured in acute prostatitis patients, we found that the A-type isoenzyme decreased and the B type increased. In conclusion, when the A/B ratio of the NAG-isoenzyme is close to 24.9/75.0 in the urine, the presence of urological diseases in which seminal plasma could be mixed in, especially prostatic diseases, should be suspected.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison of urinary and seminal N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase isoenzymes].

N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) and its isoenzymes were measured in the urine and seminal plasma of healthy volunteers. Urinary NAG level was 2.62 +/- 1.30 U/L (mean +/- standard deviation), 1.99 +/- 0.77 U/g creatinine and seminal NAG level was 2370 +/- 1007 U/l. Urinary NAG level was 2.59 +/- 1.44 U/l, 1.93 +/- 0.80 U/g creatinine in males and 2.67 +/- 1.15 U/l, 2.08 +/- 0.78 U/g creatinine in females, and there was no significant sex difference. NAG isoenzymes in the urine and seminal plasma were divided into two major peaks, A and B. The A:B ratio was 78.0 +/- 6.5: 21.9 +/- 6.5 in the urine and 24.7 +/- 3.2: 75.2 +/- 3.2 in the seminal plasma, and was significantly different. Urinary NAG isoenzyme was 80.3 +/- 6.7: 19.6 +/- 6.7 in males and 74.1 +/- 4.3: 25.9 +/- 4.3 in females, and there was no significant difference between the sexes. These results indicated that urinary and seminal NAG can be differentiated by measuring the isoenzymes. Furthermore, the comparison of seminal NAG isoenzymes before and after vasectomy indicated that seminal NAG may be affected not only by the sperm but also by the prostatic fluid.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1987

[Clinicopathological examinations of sinus reactions of lymph nodes from tumor-bearing patients].

The sinus reaction of lymph nodes from tumor-bearing patients was classified into 5 categories, normal (N), sinus histiocytosis (SH), mixed sinus reaction (M), sinus catarrh (SC) and not classified (NC), according to the definition of Thoresen (1982). As a result, at the low stage, 93.8% were N and SH, while at the high stage, 97.0% were M, SC and NC. The same results were also obtained, when the transfer of the lymph nodes was taken into consideration. On the other hand, when the lymph nodes were studied from the distant lymph nodes area (DLA) and regional lymph node area (RLA) according to the position of the pathogen, SC was the most with DLA, since all cases were at the high stage. With RLA, SH was the most at 47.6% at the low stage, while at the high stage. SC and NC indicated 66.0%. Therefore, the sinus reaction can be used to estimate the degree of the response to the cancer and the diagnosis of tumor-bearing patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Renal papillary necrosis cured with endourological treatment].

We recently experienced a case of renal papillary necrosis which we removed by endourological treatment. A 58-year-old female diabetic patient complaining of left flank pain, fever and chills was admitted to our clinic. She had no past history of analgesic abuse or atypical vasculitis. Physical examination revealed a body temperature of 38 degrees C and tenderness in the left costovertebral angle. Pyuria was noted, and urine cultures grew more than 100,000 colonies of Escherichia coli per cubic millimeter. DIP revealed a diminished renal function, hydronephrosis, distorted middle and lower calyces and filling defect in the dilated ureter. However, there was no evidence of obstruction or ureteral reflux. Retrograde pyelography confirmed distortion and irregularity of the calyces and hydronephrosis due to a shadow defect which was movable during radiographic examinations. Laboratory studies revealed anemia, leucocytosis and hyperglycemia, but no elevation of BUN. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as renal papillary necrosis. We succeeded in its endourological removal through nephrostomy with a choledochoscope (Olympus Co.) under epidural anesthesia. After surgery, the patient made a satisfactory recovery.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1986

[Changes in N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) in prostatitis patients].

NAG was measured before and after treatment and compared in 11 acute prostatitis patients, 13 chronic prostatitis patients and 10 healthy volunteers. Urinary NAG before treatment was 34.1 +/- 18.4 U/l in the acute prostatitis patients and was significantly higher than that in the healthy volunteers, which was 5.1 +/- 1.2 U/l. It was 8.5 +/- 3.2 U/l in the chronic prostatitis patients. Urinary NAG after treatment decreased and was 7.6 +/- 4.4 U/l and 6.7 +/- 1.7 U/l in the acute and chronic prostatitis groups, respectively. These results suggest that urinary NAG is useful in evaluating the changes in the condition of prostatitis and in diagnosing prostatitis, especially acute prostatitis.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗