Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Kaise

Publications and source records attributed to K Kaise.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effect of prednisolone and salicylate on serum thyroglobulin level in patients with subacute thyroiditis.

Twelve patients with subacute thyroiditis were divided into two groups and treated with prednisolone or salicylate. The initially elevated T4, T3, free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT3) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were reduced during the early phase within about 4 weeks in both groups. The serum levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) were elevated in both groups treated with salicylate and prednisolone (252 +/- SD 117 ng/ml and 233 +/- SD 157 ng/ml, respectively) at initial examination. The serum level of Tg declined during the early phase with prednisolone treatment, and it reached normal values at the end of the early phase (17 +/- SD 15 ng/ml). With salicylate treatment, the decline of levels of Tg was delayed and it was elevated (80 +/- SD 34 ng/ml) despite normal levels of thyroid hormones and ESR at the end of early phase. The serum level of Tg at the end of the early phase of prednisolone treated was significantly lower than that of salicylate treatment (P less than 0.01). It is suggested that the effect of prednisolone on rapid decrease of Tg may be related to its inhibitory action of intrathyroid hydrolysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thyroid function and antimicrosomal antibody during the course of silent thyroiditis.

The thyroid function and antithyroidal antibody were studied in 17 patients with silent thyroiditis unrelated to pregnancy. The antimicrosomal hemagglutination antibody (MCHA) was negative in ten of them (group I) and was positive in seven (group II). At one month after the thyrotoxicosis, thyroid function became normal in both groups. At two months after the onset of thyrotoxicosis, in group I T4 (8.1 +/- 1.8 micrograms/dl, Mean +/- SD), T3 (113 +/- 25 ng/dl) and TSH were normal. At that time T4 (2.8 +/- 2.2 micrograms/dl) was significantly decreased (p less than 0.001) compared with those of group I and the levels of TSH were strikingly increased in 6 patients in group II. The level of T3 (96 +/- 29 ng/dl) in group II was not different from that of group I. Therefore MCHA was negative in patients who did not develop hypothyroidism and MCHA was positive in patients who developed hypothyroidism. The development of hypothyroidism two months after thyrotoxicosis and positive MCHA are correlated. The Tg was elevated in 7 out of 13 patients (54%) with negative antithyroglobulin hemagglutination antibody and in the remainder was normal during thyrotoxicosis. The discrepancy between the level of Tg and thyroid hormones was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Characteristics of anti-TSH receptor antibodies in two patients who developed spontaneous hypothyroidism after antithyroid drug therapy for hyperthyroid Graves' disease.

Spontaneous hypothyroidism was developed in two patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism 1.8 or 1 years after antithyroid drug therapy. In these patients anti-thyrotropin (TSH) receptor antibodies were detected. Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) index measured with TSH radioreceptor assay was 61.0% in case 1 and 68.0% in case 2 (normal value: -10 to 10%), and human thyroid adenylate cyclase stimulating activities (HTACS) were 154% in case 1 and 190% in case 2 (normal value: 70 to 130%). IgG from case 1 suppressed the stimulating activity of bovine TSH (bTSH) on thyroid adenylate cyclase in low concentrations in vitro. These results indicate that a blocking type of anti-TSH receptor antibodies as well as concomitant chronic thyroiditis might be a causative factor in patients who developed spontaneous hypothyroidism shortly after the cessation of antithyroid drugs.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1986

Measurement of TSH in human amniotic fluid: diagnosis of fetal thyroid abnormality in utero.

Using a highly sensitive immunoradiometric assay kit for human TSH, we measured TSH concentrations in unconcentrated amniotic fluids in normal pregnancies and those complicated for example by maternal hyper- and hypothyroidism, and compared them with those in maternal and cord sera. In normal pregnancies the mean concentration of TSH in amniotic fluid samples was 0.129 microU/ml, ranging from 0.065 to 0.278 microU/ml. In patients with premature delivery, the amniotic fluid TSH concentration was higher at 0.218 microU/ml. In four patients with abnormal thyroid function, TSH in amniotic fluid changed in parallel to that in cord serum, and there was a significant positive correlation between the two. No such correlation was observed between the concentrations of TSH in amniotic fluid and maternal serum. These results suggest that TSH in human amniotic fluid reflects fetal rather than maternal thyroid function and that the determination of TSH levels in amniotic fluid is useful in the diagnosis of abnormal thyroid function in fetuses.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1986

Effect of changes in thyroid state on metabolism of thyroxine by rat placenta.

We studied the effect of the state of the thyroid on T4 monodeiodination in the rat placenta, and it was compared with those in the liver and kidney. The tissues, maternal serum, and amniotic fluid were obtained from pregnant rats. The tissues were homogenized in cold 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.5. The homogenate (1 mg protein) was incubated at 37 degrees C for 60 min with 1 microgram T4 in the presence of 5 mM DTT. The T3 and reverse T3 generated in the reaction mixture were extracted into cold ethanol and measured by RIAs. The conversion of T4 to reverse T3 in rat placenta was not significantly changed in MMI-induced hypothyroidism or T4 induced hyperthyroidism. On the other hand, conversion of T4 to T3 in the liver and kidney were changed in parallel with the thyroid state. The concentration of reverse T3 in the amniotic fluid was increased in accordance with the increase in the maternal serum T4 concentration. These results indicate that the placental T4 inner ring deiodination is not affected by the thyroid state, and that the change in the amniotic fluid reverse T3 concentration in this study is mainly dependent upon the change in maternal thyroid function.

Amnion↗
PubMed1986

Free thyroxine estimation for the screening of hyper- and hypothyroidism in an adult population.

Serum free thyroxine (FT4), total T4 (T4) and total T3 (T3) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 1,114 adults during a periodic health evaluation to detect unsuspected thyroid dysfunction. As a result, 3 patients with hyperthyroidism, 4 with hypothyroidism, 3 taking thyroid medication, 4 with chronic thyroiditis, 1 with simple goiter and 3 women under estrogen administration were found. Free T4 values were within the normal limits in the present four subjects taking estrogens, but all of them showed high T4 and one high T3 values. FT4 and T4 were low in four patients with hypothyroidism, but two of them showed normal T3 values. For the screening of hyperthyroidism, FT4 was the most reliable measurement and determination of either FT4 or T4 was suitable for the screening of hypothyroidism, but T3 measurement did not diagnose all patients with hypothyroidism, but T3 measurement did not diagnose all patients with hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The relationship between serum IAP and peripheral K cells in patients with subacute thyroiditis].

In a previous study, we showed that the percentage of peripheral K cells of patients with subacute thyroiditis (SAT), determined by a plaque-forming cell technique, was significantly lower than that of normal controls, and that ther sera from SAT significantly inhibited the activity of K cells in normal lymphocytes, suggesting that in the sera of SAT there is some factor which inhibits K cell activity. In this study, we investigated the relationship between K cells and the serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP), the sex difference in percentage of K cells, and the absolute count of K cells in patients with SAT. In normal controls, there was a sex difference in the percentage of K cells in total lymphocytes; the percentage was significantly lower in women (mean +/- S.D., 5.0 +/- 2.0%; n = 12; p less than 0.01) than in men (8.4 +/- 2.9%; n = 20). However, there was no sex difference in the absolute count of peripheral K cells. In the acute phase of SAT, the percentages of K cells wee 2.4 +/- 1.8%; 2.4 +/- 1.9% and 2.7 +/- 1.0% in 19 patients, 16 females and 3 males, respectively, which were significantly lower than 6.8 +/- 3.0%, 5.0 +/- 2.0% and 8.4 +/- 2.9% in 25 controls, 12 females and 13 males, respectively. The absolute counts of K cells in the acute phase of SAT were 56 +/- 45/mm3 and 58 +/- 48/mm3 in 13 patients including 11 females, respectively, which were significantly lower than 165 +/- 63/mm3 and 153 +/- 73/mm3 in 12 patients including 5 female controls, respectively. It was observed that serum IAP values in SAT were correlated negatively with the percentage of K cells and positively with the inhibition rate of SAT sera on K cells from normal subjects. Moreover, purified IAP showed a dose-related inhibition on the K cells from the control subjects. These results suggest that IAP in the sera of SAT seems to be one of the factors which inhibits the activity of K cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[An epidemiological study of subacute thyroiditis in northern Japan].

It is difficult to study subacute thyroiditis epidemiologically since it occurs sporadically and infrequently. Information about 1,127 cases (108 males, 1,019 females, from 1967 to 1982) of subacute thyroiditis in northern Japan was obtained through a questionnaire. It was found that the usual age for the disease was forty, that females predominated in a ratio of 10.6:1, and that the prevalent month was July. In clinical features, the frequencies of the inflammatory symptoms were high in the acute phase of the disease, and the frequencies of hyperthyroid symptoms increased with the progress of the disease. According to the course of the disease (days after the onset without treatment), the patients were divided into seven subgroups, such as 1 approximately 7 days, 8 approximately 14 days, 15 approximately 21 days, 22 approximately 28 days, 29 approximately 42 days, 43 approximately 56 days and over 57 days, respectively. Compared with the 1 approximately 7 days group, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum T4 and T3 concentrations in the 15 approximately 21 days group showed a significant increase from 64 +/- 35 to 75 +/- 30 mm/h (p less than 0.001), 14.6 +/- 5.5 to 17.6 +/- 5.6 micrograms/100 ml (p less than 0.001) and 218 +/- 124 to 263 +/- 109 ng/100 ml (p less than 0.05), respectively, but the BMR showed as insignificant increase from 20 +/- 15 to 24 +/- 14%. The 24-hr 131I-thyroid uptake and resin sponge uptake (RSU) in the 21 approximately 28 days group were 1.2 +/- 1.5% and 35.1 +/- 6.7%, respectively; the former was significantly lower (p less than 0.02) and the latter was insignificantly higher than the values (2.0 +/- 2.6% and 33.9 +/- 7.9%, respectively) in the 1 approximately 7 days group. The recovery time in the steroid-treated group was 57.2 +/- 47.6 days, which showed a statistically insignificant difference from 64.8 +/- 50.5 days of the sodium salicylate-treated group. But the recovery time of 78.2 +/- 64.9 days in other anti-inflammatory drug-treated groups was significantly longer than that of the steroid and sodium salicylate-treated groups (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.05). Among 9 viral diseases, such as measles, varicella, erythema infection, hand-foot and mouth disease, rubella, mumps, influenza, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis observed in northern Japan and Miyagi prefecture in the past 4 years, mumps, hand-foot and mouth disease and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis were prevalent in summer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Human placental thyroxine inner ring monodeiodinase in complicated pregnancy.

Production of rT3 from T4 in the placenta were measured in four patients with induced abortion, in three patients with spontaneous abortion, in 19 patients with various complications of pregnancy including Graves' disease, and in 18 normal pregnancies. The placentas, obtained at delivery, were homogenized and centrifuged at 800 X g. Supernatants (1 mg protein) were incubated with 1 microgram of stable T4 and 50 mmol/L dithiothreitol at 37 degrees C for 60 minutes. The generated rT3 was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). In patients who delivered at 38 to 41 weeks with complicated pregnancy, the net placental rT3 production from T4 was 7.3 +/- 2.5 ng/tube, which was not significantly different from that obtained in normal pregnancy (8.5 +/- 2.4) at an equivalent gestational age. In patients with abortions, the net placental rT3 generation from T4 was very high, and there was a significant negative correlation between the net placental rT3 production from T4 and gestational age. These results indicate that the net placental rT3 production from T4 is not affected by complications of pregnancy, but shows a significant change with the progress of gestation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1985

Determination of free triiodothyronine in serum: comparison of radioimmunoassay with equilibrium dialysis method.

In normal volunteers, serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) concentrations determined by Immophase FT3 RIA kit, Amerlex FT3 RIA kit and equilibrium dialysis methods (absolute FT3, AFT3: product of total T3 and percent FT3) were 4.03 +/- 0.65, 3.69 +/- 0.58 and 3.22 +/- 0.65 pg/ml (mean +/- S.D.), respectively. The normal free triiodothyronine index (FT3I) was 38.4 +/- 6.5. In patients with hyper-and hypothyroidism, the FT3 values measured by these methods were clearly abnormal. In patients with decreased thyroxine binding-globulin, the mean FT3 concentrations determined by these methods were not significantly different from the normal. However, the mean FT3I was significantly lower than normal. In pregnant women at delivery, Amerlex FT3 values were subnormal in 7 of 9 subjects. All of these samples except one were within the normal range when evaluated by Immophase FT3 and AFT3, although their mean values were significantly lower than the mean of normal. On the other hand, the mean FT3I was not significantly different from the mean of normal. The correlations between FT3 were all statistically significant. In a clinically euthyroid patient who had chronic thyroiditis and who was shown to have anti-T3 antibody in her serum, Immophase FT3 and Amerlex FT3 values were above the high standards. However, AFT3, calculated by multiplying total T3 (determined after ethanol extraction) by percent FT3 was normal. In conclusion, the evaluation of FT3 by these radioimmunoassay methods proved clinically useful, when appropriate limitations are considered.

Dialysis↗
PubMed1985

Effect of carteolol, indenolol and metoprolol on the thyroid hormone of hyperthyroid patients.

Thirty-four hyperthyroid patients were divided into four groups: placebo, carteolol (20 mg/day), indenolol (60 mg/day) and metoprolol (120 mg/day) groups. The heart rate was determined before and two weeks after the treatment with each drug. Serum levels of T4, T3 and rT3 were measured before, and one and two weeks after the treatment. Both indenolol and metoprolol significantly reduced the heart rate (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively), whereas carteolol was ineffective. Carteolol significantly decreased T4 from 23.4 +/- 4.4 micrograms/100 ml to 20.1 +/- 3.2 micrograms/100 ml (p less than 0.01) in one week and to 20.0 +/- 3.7 micrograms/100 ml (p less than 0.01) in two weeks. T3 and rT3 were also decreased significantly (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively) two weeks after the treatment with carteolol. After two weeks of indenolol treatment, T4 was decreased significantly from 26.2 +/- 8.5 micrograms/100 ml to 23.9 +/- 8.2 micrograms/100 ml (p less than 0.05) and T3 from 789 +/- 391 ng/100 ml to 592 +/- 340 ng/100 ml (p less than 0.02). Metoprolol had no effect on serum thyroid hormone levels. The decrease in the serum level of thyroid hormones by carteolol and indenolol but not by metoprolol in patients with hyperthyroidism would be due to the blockade of beta 2-adrenoreceptors concerning with thyroid hormone secretion.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in antimicrosomal antibody, serum thyroglobulin and thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulin in a patient with silent thyroiditis who experienced four thyrotoxic episodes].

Serial changes of thyroid hormones, TSH, anti-thyroidal antibodies, serum Tg and TBII were studied in a patient with silent thyroiditis who experienced four episodes of transient thyrotoxicosis in a follow-up period of five years. The titers of MCHA were high in the thyrotoxic episodes and further increased in the following hypothyroid phases. In the euthyroid phase it became lower. The serum level of Tg was normal or moderated elevated in the thyrotoxic episodes, and it further elevated in the hypothyroid phase. Surgical biopsy, performed in the euthyroid phase about one year after the forth thyrotoxic episode, revealed the findings of Hashimoto's disease. Two different types of transient thyrotoxic episode, one with positive TBII and high uptake and the other with negative TBII and low uptake, were observed in the same patient with silent thyroiditis. In the beginning of the clinical course, the patient showed positive TBII, high 131I-uptake (77%) in the second episode of thyrotoxicosis, no response of TSH to TRH administration and absence of T3-suppressibility. The value of TBII gradually became normal and was negative at the forth episode of thyrotoxicosis when 131I-uptake was low (1.3%). After this last episode, TSH response to TRH administration was normal in euthyroid phase and augmented in hypothyroid phase. The presence of transient positive TBII and of histological changes of Hashimoto's disease was suggestive of the close relationship between Graves' and Hashimoto's diseases.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

[Peripheral K lymphocytes in patients with subacute thyroiditis].

In a previous study, we showed that immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) was markedly increased in the acute phase in patients with subacute thyroiditis (SAT). In order to investigate the immunological abnormalities in SAT, peripheral K lymphocytes in SAT and hyperthyroidism were measured by the plaque-forming technique using sheep-red-blood cells as a target. The effect of the patients' serum on K-cells in normal lymphocytes was also investigated. The percentages of K-cells in 5 patients with SAT in the acute and recovery phases were 2.3 +/- 1.9 (mean +/- S.D.) and 5.3 +/- 2.2%, respectively. The former was significantly lower than the latter (p less than 0.05). Furthermore, the value in the acute phase showed a significant decrease against that of the normal controls (7.3 +/- 3.4, n = 14, p less than 0.01). The percentage of K-cells in 16 patients with hyperthyroidism was 2.8 +/- 2.2%, which was also significantly lower than that of the normal controls (p less than 0.05). The degree of inhibition of K-cells in normal lymphocytes by sera from 12 SAT in the acute and recovery phases was 69 +/- 21% and 35 +/- 22%, respectively, which was significantly higher (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively) than that in 12 normal sera (15 +/- 20%). Furthermore, the inhibition was markedly higher in the acute phase than in the recovery (p less than 0.01). The sera from 10 patients with hyperthyroidism also inhibited K-cells of normal lymphocytes (p less than 0.01). It was suggested that in the sera of SAT and hyperthyroidism there is some factor which inhibits K-cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Free thyroxine estimation for screening of hyper- and hypothyroidism in an adult population].

Serum free thyroxine (FT4) was determined in 1,114 adults (male 239, female 875) in a periodic health evaluation in 1980 to detect unsuspected thyroid dysfunction, especially hyper- and hypothyroidism. The participants were dwelling in two towns of Miyagi prefecture. Beside FT4, serum T4 and T3 were also determined by radioimmunoassay. If thyroid dysfunction was suspected, further detailed examinations such as TRH-test (500 micrograms i.v.), radioimmunologic determinations of serum TSH and TBG, resin-sponge T3-uptake, 24-hr thyroid radioiodine 131I-uptake, radioiodine thyroid scan and anti-thyroid antibodies were performed. There were 3 patients with hyperthyroidism (0.27%), 4 with hypothyroidism (0.36%), 3 taking thyroid medication (2; Hashimoto's disease, 1; goiter), 3 on estrogen administration, 4 with Hashimoto's disease and 1 with goiter. Excluding these 18 patients, FT4, T4 and T3 values in 1,096 euthyroid subjects, 236 males and 860 females, were 1.1 +/- 0.3 (mean +/- S.D.), 1.1 +/- 0.3 and 1.0 +/- 0.3 ng/100 ml, 8.9 +/- 1.5, 8.8 +/- 1.6 and 9.0 +/- 1.5 micrograms/100 ml, and 122 +/- 33, 125 +/- 26 and 122 +/- 35 ng/100 ml, respectively. Serum FT4, T4 and T3 showed the distribution of logarithmic normal probability. The 95% normal range for free T4 was 0.60 to 1.80 ng/100 ml, total T4 6.0 to 11.8 micrograms/100 ml, and T3 84 to 176 ng/100 ml, respectively. Out of 1,114 subjects examined, the cases to be reexamined for the higher serum concentration than normal were 26 in FT4, 35 in T4 and 27 in T3, respectively. And the cases for lower values were 28 in FT4, 31 in T4 and 24 in T3, respectively. Serum FT4 values in the subjects during the administration of estrogens were within the normal range. FT4 and T4 were low in four patients with hypothyroidism, but two of them showed normal T3 values. Determinations of serum FT4, total T4 and total T3 were all useful for the screening of hyperthyroidism. But serum FT4 was the most reliable of the three. Determination of either serum FT4 or total T4 was suitable for the screening of hypothyroidism, but serum total T3 measurement did not cover all patients with hypothyroidism.

Adult↗