Biomedical subjects

K Kaga

Publications and source records attributed to K Kaga.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Speech discrimination and lip reading in patients with word deafness or auditory agnosia.

The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of four patients with word deafness or auditory agnosia to discriminate speech by reading lips. The patients were studied using nonsense monosyllables to test for speech discrimination, a lip reading test, the Token Test for auditory comprehension, and the Aphasia test. Our results show that patients with word deafness or auditory agnosia without aphasia can improve speech comprehension by reading lips in combination with listening, as compared with lip reading or listening alone. In conclusion, lip reading was shown to be useful for speech comprehension among these patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Temporal bone pathology of two infants with Larsen's syndrome.

Two infants who had multiple joint dislocations, unusual facies, and bony abnormalities, typical of the syndrome first reported by Larsen et al. (J. Pediatr., 37 (1950) 574-581) are described. This report expands Larsen's syndrome to include the following findings of temporal bone pathology. Case 1 (one year and 8 months old) showed dislocation of the malleus and incus, an abnormal foot plate, mesenchyme remaining in the attic and mesotympanum, poor development of the mastoid air cells, and poor development of the labyrinth. Case 2 (3 years and 6 months old) showed dislocation of the malleus and incus, mesenchyme remaining in the attic and mesotympanum, and an abnormal stapes. These histological findings suggest that a maldevelopment similar to that which occurs in the skeletal system occurs in the temporal bones as well as in the face and extremities including many joints.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1991

Gardenia fruit extract does not stimulate the proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, A10.

We investigated the effect of a hot water extract from Gardenia fruit (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) (GFE), which has a stimulatory effect on endothelial cell proliferation, on the proliferation of A10 cells, an established cell line of vascular smooth muscle cell from murine aorta in a culture system. GFE did not change the number of A10 cells after a 48 h culture. GFE significantly increased the incorporation of [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine into the acid-soluble fraction of bovine aortic endothelial cell layers, but significantly decreased that of A10 cells. These results suggested that GFE stimulates the proliferation of endothelial cells but not of A10 cells. In the endothelial cell culture, GFE significantly increased the accumulation of basic fibroblast growth factor, which is an autocrine for endothelial cell proliferation in medium and low-affinity (glycosaminoglycans-binding) fractions, while A10 cells did not produce a significant amount of the factor. Since it is postulated that a selective stimulation of endothelial cell proliferation by increasing the production of basic fibroblast growth factor is appropriate for prevention of arteriosclerosis and thrombosis, GFE may contain a beneficial component as a useful drug.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

P300 response to tones and speech sounds after cochlear implant: a case report.

P300 potentials evoked by tones and spoken words were recorded from a 20-year-old man with a House-3M single-channel cochlear implant. Three months after cochlear implantation, there was a slight appearance of P300 response to both pure-tone stimuli and spoken-word stimuli; 6 months later, clearly identifiable P300 response to both pure-tone stimuli and spoken-word stimuli were obtained. These results are consistent with an encoding improvement for re-establishment of information processing after auditory rehabilitation.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Computer analysis of the optokinetic pattern test in acoustic tumors, brain stem and cerebellar lesions. Slow and fast phase velocities of optokinetic nystagmus.

Optokinetic pattern (OKP) abnormalities in 36 patients with infratentorial lesions were analyzed by microcomputer (7T18 Nihondenki-Sanei). The parameters used for analysis consisted of slow phase velocity (S-VEL) and fast phase velocity (F-VEL) in optokinetic nystagmus. In 16 patients with acoustic tumors, S-VELs were normal or borderline when the tumors were less than 2 cm in diameter, but when the tumors were more than 2 cm, S-VELs were severely impaired. In 20 patients with brain stem and/or cerebellar lesions, S-VELs were abnormal in all the patients with the exception of 3. F-VEL abnormalities were seen in only 5 patients with brain stem lesions, especially pontine lesions. These findings suggest that S-VEL is a sensitive indicator of infratentorial lesions and F-VEL an important indicator of pontine lesions.

Brain Diseases↗

PubMed1991

Computer analysis of optokinetic pattern test for patients with localized lesions of unilateral frontal eye fields.

Four patients with localized lesions of the left frontal eye field as demonstrated at autopsy or MRI were studied. Their electronystagmography (ENG) recordings, which were induced by optokinetic stimulus, were analyzed by computer. Four factors were calculated by the ENG analyzing program. We conclude that the asymmetry of OKP in patients with localized lesions of the unilateral frontal eye fields is primarily caused by impaired S-VEL and F-VEL of the contralateral OKN compared with the side of the frontal eye field lesion.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

The relation between motor function development and vestibular function tests in four children with inner ear anomaly.

It is well known that the development of motor function is frequently retarded in children with congenital deafness, particularly in cases of inner ear anomaly. The relation between the results of vestibular function tests and the development of motor function in 4 children with inner ear anomaly is studied. CT scan obtained from these cases revealed the absence of lateral semicircular canals in both ears. There were no responses to caloric stimulation using 40 ml ice-water. However, damped rotation test elicited per-rotatory nystagmus in all cases. In contrast to this result, the same nystagmus was provoked only in 2 cases in Barany rotation test. Early development of motor functions, especially that of first walk, was more retarded in the 2 cases showing no per-rotatory nystagmus in Barany rotation test than in the other 2 positive cases.

Child↗

PubMed1991

Results of damped-rotation tests in brain damaged infants and children.

We studied the relation between vestibular functions and neurological diagnosis in 477 brain damaged infants and children who had delayed gross motor functions. They were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 319 infants with cerebral palsy in the first year of life, and Group 2 consisted of 158 brain damaged children up to 4 years of age. The damped-rotation test was used to evaluate vestibular function and the number of perrotatory nystagmus were measured. In Group 1 there were 24 infants with no vestibular responses, including two who were deaf. Five of those in Group 1 showed no responses at the first year of life but normal responses as they developed. In Group 2, all had normal vestibular responses. These results show that the incidence of no vestibular response is very high in infants with spastic cerebral palsy.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Slow and fast phase velocities of optokinetic nystagmus induced by the optokinetic pattern test in infratentorial lesions.

Optokinetic pattern (OKP) abnormalities in 36 patients with infratentorial lesions confirmed by CT or MRI were analyzed by microcomputer. The computer analysis system enabled the OKP data to be changed to digital data consisting of the slow phase velocity (S-VEL) and the fast phase velocity (F-VEL) in optikinetic nystagmus. In 16 patients with acoustic tumors. S-VELs were normal or borderline when the tumors were less than 2 cm in diameter, but when the tumors were more than 2 cm. S-VELs were severely impaired. F-VEL abnormalities were not seen in our study except in one patient. In 20 patients with brain stem and/or cerebellar lesions, S-VELs were abnormal in all the patients with the exception of 3. There was no significant difference in S-VEL between the group with brain stem lesions and that with cerebellar lesions. F-VEL abnormalities were seen in only 4 patients with brain stem lesions, especially pontine lesions. These findings suggest that S-VEL is a sensitive indicator for infratentorial lesions and F-VEL an important indicator for pontine lesions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[A case of bilateral sudden hearing loss and vertigo caused by bilateral temporal bone metastasis from pancreatic carcinoma--comparison of clinical findings and temporal bone pathological findings].

We report temporal bone pathology in a 25-year-old man with bilateral temporal bone adenocarcinoma which was caused by metastasis from a primary lesion in the pancreas. The initial symptoms began with vertigo and headache and the patient noticed left hearing loss in the left ear on the following day. A few days later, he noticed hearing loss in the right ear, and bilateral hearing was totally lost within two weeks of the onset. In addition to severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, left IInd, bilateral Vth and VIIIth cranial nerve paralysis occurred. Brain CT showed multiple metastatic lesions in the brain. The patient's general condition rapidly deteriorated, and he died of acute pneumonia on the 42nd day after onset. At autopsy it was revealed adenocarcinoma of the tail and body of the pancreas and its metastasis to the brain and meninges. Pathological study of the temporal bone showed infiltration of carcinomatous cells along the VIIth and VIIIth nerves in the bilateral internal auditory canals.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[Auditory brainstem response and extratympanic recorded electrocochleography in patients with multiple and severe handicaps].

Nine patients ranged between 5 months and 35 years (means 14 years) of age with multiple and severe disabilities were comparatively studied, on extra-tympanic recorded compound action potential (AP) of electrocochleography and auditory brainstem response (ABR). Both ABR and AP were obvious in 3 patients with clear auditory behavioral responses. The ABR was not recorded to high intensity click stimuli in six patients without visible auditory behavioral responses. Four of the 6 cases showed undetectable AP and the 2 rest of the 6 cases showed abnormal but discernible AP. In two cases with history of the anoxic encephalopathy, AP was recorded but ABR was not detected in one case, and in the other, neither AP nor ABR was recorded. At least two different levels of lesions could be differentiated in cases without detectable ABR by using extra-tympanic recorded electrocochleography in these kinds of severely handicapped patients.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1991

[2 cases of rhinogenic intracranial complications with normal rhinoscopy].

Two cases of non-postoperative rhinogenic intracranial complications are reported: patient 1 was a 25-year-old female with meningitis and right orbital phlegmon, and patient 2 was a 21-year-old male with a brain abscess. Main symptoms in these patients were meningeal signs and high fever, and intranasal findings were normal in both patients. The diagnosis was not made until computed tomography revealed paranasal abnormalities. Soon after surgical intervention and treatment with large doses of antibiotics. These patients were completely cured of intracranial complications. It should be beared in mind that rhinogenic intracranial complications with lack of intranasal abnormal findings, as in these patients, can exist even today.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Bilateral congenital atresia. Auditory and vestibular testing and surgical approach.

Bilateral congenital atresia presents various problems of hearing, education, psychology and surgery. The complexity of these problems needs a systematic approach, from the initial evaluation to the rehabilitative recommendation. It is very important for infants and children with bilateral aural atresia to be provided with sufficient hearing either through surgical correction of the ear or by a hearing aid or both because bilateral aural atresia gives moderate hearing loss. This paper describes our preoperative assessment of auditory and vestibular function at very early age and the surgical technique for meatoplasty.

Bone Conduction↗

PubMed1990

Speech perception and auditory P300 potentials after section of the posterior half of the truncus of the corpus callosum.

A 47 year old woman who underwent surgical section of the posterior half of the corpus callosum because of meningioma in the right lateral ventricle was studied from the aspects of speech perception and auditory evoked potentials. The pure tone audiometry showed normal hearing levels for both ears. The monosyllable perception test disclosed that the left ear had lower correct percent than the right ear. The dichotic listening test demonstrated remarkable extinction in response to verbal stimuli in the left ear. Auditory brainstem, middle latency and slow vertex responses were normal for both ears, without right and left difference. P300 event related potentials were recorded by three different pairs of stimuli: pure tone (1 KHz vs. 2 KHz), words (Aka vs. Kuro), and monosyllable (PA vs. BA). Both P300 for pure tone and word stimuli to each ear showed large positive potentials within 200-500 msec but P300 for monosyllable stimuli to each ear did not show obvious potentials within 200-500 msec. These results suggest that the posterior half of the truncus of the corpus callosum can be related to transfer of speech information between right and left hemispheres.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1990

Gardenia fruit extract stimulates the proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture.

We previously reported that Gardenia fruit extract had a stimulatory effect on fibrolysis in vitro. In the present study, we describe that the hot water extract from Gardenia fruit (GFE) stimulates the proliferation of cultured endothelial cells from bovine aorta. The cells were cultured in RPMI1640 medium supplemented 10% fetal bovine serum for up to 96 h in the presence of GFE (100 micrograms/ml and below). GFE at 25 and 50 micrograms/ml significantly increased the cell number after 48 h and above of the treatment. The incorporations of [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine were significantly increased by 50 micrograms/ml GFE. The GFE stimulation of the proliferation was completely inhibited by 1 microM cycloheximide. The stimulatory activity of GFE was recognized in the low relative molecular mass (less than or equal to 10,000) fraction. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that a low molecular mass component of GFE stimulated endothelial cell proliferation and an increased protein synthesis was a essential component of this response. GFE may contain a useful compound to stimulate the proliferation of endothelial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Possible mechanism of the stimulatory effect of Artemisia leaf extract on the proliferation of cultured endothelial cells: involvement of basic fibroblast growth factor.

To investigate the possible mechanism of the stimulatory effect of a hot water extract from Artemisia leaf (Artemisia princeps PANPANINI) (AFE) on the proliferation of endothelial cells, cells from bovine aorta were cultured for 72 h in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum in the presence of 5 micrograms/ml AFE. The AFE treatment significantly increased the cell number after culture, while in the presence of 10 micrograms/ml unfractionated heparin, AFE conversely decreased it. This implied that AFE enhanced the cell growth promotion by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The accumulation of bFGF was significantly increased in the culture medium, in the low-affinity (glycosaminoglycans-binding) fraction, and in the cell extract fraction, but was unchanged in the high-affinity (receptor-binding) fraction. The contents of [35S]sulfate-labeled glycosaminoglycans in both cell layer and the medium were not increased by AFE treatment. The proliferation of A10 cells, an established cell line of smooth muscle cells from murine aorta, was not stimulated by AFE. A10 cells did not produce a significant amount of bFGF in the presence or absence of AFE. Thus, the production of bFGF was considered to be involved in AFE stimulation of cell proliferation. In conclusion, it was suggested that AFE stimulated endothelial cell proliferation by increasing the production of bFGF rather than by an increase in the number of bFGF receptors and the content of glycosaminoglycans in the cell layer. The enhanced reserve of bFGF in the low-affinity fraction of cell layer and in the medium would cause the AFE-stimulated proliferation of endothelial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

A stimulatory effect of Artemisia leaf extract on the proliferation of cultured endothelial cells.

To investigate the effect of the hot water extract from Artemisia leaf (Artemisia princeps Panpanini) (AFE) on the proliferation of endothelial cells, the cells from bovine aorta were cultured for up to 96 h in the presence of 1, 5, 10 or 50 micrograms/ml AFE in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After a 72 h culture, the cell number was significantly increased by AFE at 1, 5 and 10 micrograms/ml. An increase in the cell number by 5 micrograms/ml AFE observed after a 72 or 96 h treatment. The incorporations of both [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine by the growing cells were significantly increased by 5 micrograms/ml AFE after a 72 h treatment. In addition, the incorporation of [3H]thymidine by either growing or confluent cells was significantly increased by 50 micrograms/ml AFE after a 72 h treatment. The stimulatory activity of AFE was recognized in the low-molecular-weight fraction (molecular weight less than or equal to 10000 dalton). These results clearly indicated that AFE contained some low-molecular-weight component(s) which stimulates the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells in vitro.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Course of recovery from motor aphasia in four patients with localized lesions in the vicinity of Broca's area].

The neuropsychological signs and prognosis of patients with localized lesions in the vicinity of Broca's area of the left inferior frontal gyrus have been controversial. We studied periodic changes in the neuropsychological signs of four patients who had relatively localized lesions in the vicinity of Broca's area and manifested aphasia of the non-fluent type. The ages of the four patients at the onset were 62, 66, 30 and 37 years. The localized lesions in their brains were the result of brain infarctions revealed by CT scans, and included so-called Broca's center in the left inferior frontal gyrus along with adjacent brain tissue. The neuropsychological signs of the four patients were periodically assessed by means of the standard language test of aphasia (SLTA). In the early stage of aphasia, they had moderate difficulties in speaking to explain test materials or recall words and mild difficulties in reading aloud, repeating and writing words. One year later, most of their neuropsychological signs disappeared except for mild difficulties in speaking fluently and recalling words. It should be noted, however, that all four patients were able to return to their previous occupations one or two years later, because they had recovered from aphasia. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that the neuropsychological signs of Broca's aphasia caused by relatively localized lesions in the left inferior frontal gyrus are mild and largely disappear within one or two years.

Adult↗