Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Kadowaki

Publications and source records attributed to K Kadowaki.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene expression together with NOS activity in the rat hypothalamo-hypophysial system after chronic salt loading: evidence of a neuromodulatory role of nitric oxide in arginine vasopressin and oxytocin secretion.

Chronic salt loading up-regulated the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mRNA in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus with a concomitant increase in NOS activity in the posterior pituitary. Once daily ip injection of N-omega-nitroarginine (N-Arg), a NOS inhibitor, significantly inhibited NOS activity in the posterior pituitary in a dose-dependent manner, but did not influence NOS mRNA levels. Two percent salt loading for 3 or 4 days significantly depleted the contents of both arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) in the posterior pituitary, and simultaneous treatment with daily injections of N-Arg at a dose of 10 mg/kg significantly enhanced the depletion of both AVP and OT. This effect was dose dependent and paralleled the inhibition of NOS activity in the posterior pituitary. N-Arg treatment had no effect on the levels of both AVP and OT transcripts in PVN or SON. These results suggest that NOS gene expression in the SON and PVN of the rat hypothalamus is increased during hyperosmotic stimulation and suggest a neuromodulatory role for NO in the rat hypothalamo-hypophysial system as an inhibitory regulator of AVP and OT secretion.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1994

[Long-term results and complications of intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guerin for prophylaxis of bladder cancer recurrence].

Since 1982, we treated 22 patients with superficial bladder cancer via intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (Tokyo 172 strain) for prophylaxis against tumor recurrence. To determine the long-term efficacy and complications of BCG therapy, retrospective analysis was performed. The BCG therapy was initiated one to two weeks after complete transurethral resection of visible tumors. One hundred twenty mg or 80 mg of BCG suspended in 40 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution was instilled into the bladder once a week for 6 times, then monthly for 10 times. Of 22 patients, 10 tumor recurrences were recognized in 4 patients (mean followup 74 months). Recurrent free rate at 5 years was 78.5%. Common side effects were low grade fever and bladder irritability. Although these side effects were self-limiting, 15 patients (68%) refused instillation of BCG before completion of our protocol because of the bladder irritation. No relationship was observed between total dose of BCG instilled and tumor recurrence. Severe side effects such as permanent structural or functional alterations of the bladder or mycobacterial infection of other organs were not observed. Intravesical administration of Tokyo 172 strain of BCG seemed to be safe and useful for long-term prophylaxis of superficial bladder cancer recurrence.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1994

[Pseudocoarctation of the aorta associated with aortic valve regurgitation: a case report].

We reported a case of pseudocoarctation of the aorta associated with severe aortic regurgitation. A 63-year-old male admitted with congestive heart failure due to aortic regurgitation. The blood pressure was 170/60 mmHg in the right arm and the systolic pressure was 132 mmHg in the right leg. To and fro murmur and diastolic grade IV/VI blowing murmur was heard along the lower left sternal border. Aortogram demonstrated marked buckling of the descending aorta at the origin of the left subclavian artery without collateral circulation and bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation. His pressure gradient across the pseudocoarctation was 40 mmHg in the preoperative catheterization. We performed an aortic valve replacement (AVR) without further surgical treatment. The pressure gradient was reduced to 10 mmHg and his symptom improved after AVR. These results suggested that pseudocoarctation of the aorta may require no surgical treatment in some case associated with aortic valve regurgitation because of improvement of high pressure gradient across it by AVR alone.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of calcium binding protein mRNAs in rat cerebellar cortex.

The distribution of three calcium binding protein mRNAs in the rat cerebellar cortex was investigated using alkaline phosphatase labelled specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide probes. Calbindin D28k mRNA was detected in the Purkinje cells, parvalbumin mRNA was located in the Purkinje cells and also in basket/stellate cells of the molecular layer. Calretinin in contrast was found only in the granule cell layer. Use of multiple alkaline phosphatase (AP)-labelled oligodeoxynucleotides resulted in an increase in signal strength and reduced detection time with no increase in background staining indicating the utility of these enzyme labelled probes for non-isotopic in situ.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Production of a fungal protein, Taka-amylase A, by protein-producing Bacillus brevis HPD31.

An expression-secretion vector, pMK300, was constructed to express the Aspergillus oryzae Taka-amylase A (Taa) cDNA. The promoter and signal peptide regions of the HWP (a major cell wall protein of Bacillus brevis HPD31) gene on pMK300 were efficiently utilized in B. brevis HPD31 and a large amount of Taa (22 mg/l) was secreted into the medium. The HWP signal peptide utilized for secretion of Taa was correctly processed during the protein transport across the membrane. The enzymatic properties of Taa produced by B. brevis HPD31 were the same as those of the Aspergillus oryzae Taa in several respects; specific activity, thermal and pH stabilities, and temperature and pH optima. These results, in combination with previous results, indicate that B. brevis HPD31 could be used to produce extracellularly foreign proteins of diverse origins as functional proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of Bacillus brevis with descriptions of Bacillus migulanus sp. nov., Bacillus choshinensis sp. nov., Bacillus parabrevis sp. nov., and Bacillus galactophilus sp. nov.

Thirty-five Bacillus brevis strains obtained from culture collections, including protein-producing isolates, were taxonomically studied by using numerical analysis, DNA base composition, and DNA-DNA hybridization. Six DNA relatedness groups were represented, and these groups correlated well with clusters based on the numerical analysis. The B. brevis strains were separated into B. brevis sensu stricto, four new species, and an unidentified species of the genus Bacillus. Bacillus migulanus sp. nov., Bacillus choshinensis sp. nov., Bacillus parabrevis sp. nov., and Bacillus galactophilus sp. nov. are proposed.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1993

Prolactin stimulates [3H]dopamine release from dispersed rat tubero-infundibular dopaminergic neurons and dopamine decreases gonadotropin-releasing hormone release induced by calcium ionophore.

In order to investigate the involvement of prolactin-dopamine and dopamine-gonadotropin interactions in the hypothalamo-pituitary axis of hyperprolactinemia, in vitro studies were performed using primary cultures of dispersed rat hypothalamic heterogeneous cells containing tubero-infundibular dopaminergic neurons or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. We observed that prolactin caused dose-dependent stimulation of [3H]dopamine release after a 16-h incubation. Staurosporin (10 nmol/l), an inhibitor of protein kinase C, significantly reduced the [3H]dopamine release induced by prolactin (1 mg/l). Incubation of tubero-infundibular dopaminergic neurons with prolactin (1 mg/l) had no effect on intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation. Dopamine (1 mumol/l) significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the release of GnRH induced by 50 mumol/l calcium ionophore from dispersed hypothalamic cells from the preoptic area, while prolactin had no effect on GnRH release. These data support the hypothesis that the antigonadotropic effect of prolactin on the hypothalamus is mediated by an inhibitory effect of dopamine on GnRH release.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical analysis in 2266 cases of transurethral resection of the prostate].

During the past 20 years from August 1971 to July 1991, 3215 cases of transurethral resection were performed at Kitasato University Hospital, and consisted of 2008 benign prostatic hyperplasias, 692 bladder tumors, 258 prostate cancers, 167 bladder neck contractures, 38 urethral strictures, 20 chronic prostatities and 32 various urologic diseases. On 2266 transurethral resections of the prostate including 2008 benign prostatic hyperplasias, and 258 prostate cancers analysis was conducted. Patient age ranged from 44 to 97 (mean, 70.1). Resected tissue varied from 1 to 177 (mean, 26.9) grams. The time required for resection was from 9 to 245 (mean, 73.0) minutes. The volume of irrigation fluid was from 4 to 92 (mean, 25.0) liters. The duration of catheter placement after operation was 3 to 44 (mean, 4.1) days and hospitalization, 10 to 81 (mean, 12.1) days. The number of complications and blood transfusions were 308 (13.6%) and 381 (16.8%) respectively. Resected amount of tissue, volume of irrigation fluid, duration of catheter placement and frequency of complication in the benign prostatic hyperplasia group exceeded those in prostate cancer group. The length of hospitalization and blood transfusion rates were higher in the prostate cancer group. The rate or frequency of each item increased with the operating time and amount of resected tissue. Today, 60 minutes of operating time as a limiting factor of transurethral resection is not considered a important factor. Based on the results of the 2266 TURP cases, an attempt will be made to establish safer methods of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Pre-operative, operative and postoperative complications in 2266 cases of transurethral resection of the prostate].

Pre-operative and operative complications in 2266 patients having undergone transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) for the past 20 years at Kitasato University Hospital were analyzed. They consisted of 2008 benign prostatic hyperplasia and 258 prostate cancer patients. Seven hundred and fifty four patients showed some of physical disorders prior to TUR:hypertension in 147 cases, diabetes mallitus in 87, ischemic heart disease in 46, chronic obstructive lung disease in 41 and others. Operative and postoperative complications of TURP were seen in 308 cases (13.6%). Perforation of the prostatic capsule was seen in 100 cases (4.4%) and bladder perforation into intraperitoneal cavity in 6 cases (0.3%). Transurethral fulgulation for postoperative hemorrhage was conducted on 79 cases (3.5%). Hyponatremia lower than 130 mEq/L was noted in 14 cases (0.6%). Severe urinary tract infection leading to bacteremia was observed in 9 cases (0.4%). Postoperative epididymitis was evident in 20 cases (0.8%). There was postoperative urinary incontinence in 19 cases, 3 of which was treated with Teflon-paste injection successfully. One patient had to undergo AMS-800 artificial sphincter implantation. The number of postoperative urethral stricture patients requiring urethral dilatation or internal urethrotomy was 12 (0.5%) and postoperative bladder neck contracture was seen in 20 cases (0.9%). One patient (0.04%) who developed DIC after profuse postoperative hemorrhage died on the 37th postoperative day. The efficiency of TURP depends not so much on the skill of cutting as on the speed and accuracy of orientation and haemostasis. The quick recognition of anatomical landmarks will assure effective and safe resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Noninvasive assessment of left internal thoracic artery graft patency using transthoracic echocardiography].

To evaluate the utility of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for assessing the long-term patency of left internal thoracic artery (LITA) grafts, 36 patients who had coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were examined simultaneously for graft flow velocity by TTE and by graft angiogram. The flow velocity in the LITA graft was clearly visualized by TTE in 25 patients from the left supraclavicular echo view. On the basis of the angiogram, the sensitivity and specificity of TTE in the diagnosis of LITA graft patency were 71.4% and 100%, respectively. These 25 patients (mean follow-up time after CABG-29.6 months) were divided into 3 groups according to their preoperative diagnosis and the presence of grafts stenosis by angiogram as follows: APS(-), angina pectoris without graft stenosis in 15 cases; APS(+), angina pectoris with graft stenosis in 2 cases; OMI, old myocardial infarction without graft stenosis in 8 cases. The peak flow velocity D/S ratio and time velocity integral D/S ratio in the APS(-) group (2.48 +/- 0.73, 3.21 +/- 0.89) were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those in the APS(+) group (0.30 +/- 0.23, 0.35 +/- 0.21) or in the OMI group (0.96 +/- 0.44, 0.87 +/- 0.51). Peak flow velocity D/(S+D) and time velocity integral D/(S+D) ratios in the APS(-) group (0.70 +/- 0.05, 0.75 +/- 0.06) were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those in the APS(+) group (0.22 +/- 0.14, 0.25 +/- 0.11) or in the OMI group (0.46 +/- 0.17, 0.43 +/- 0.18).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Increase in galanin gene expression in locus coeruleus neurones of the rat following reserpine treatment.

Changes in galanin mRNA content in locus coeruleus neurones of the rat were studied after reserpine treatment (10 mg/kg s.c.) using an in situ hybridization technique and an alkaline phosphatase labelled oligodeoxynucleotide probe. An increase in galanin mRNA content in locus coeruleus neurones was detected as early as 3 h after reserpine treatment when compared to vehicle injected rats. A maximal increase in mRNA content was detected at 3 days after reserpine treatment. This transient increase in galanin mRNA content had subsided by post treatment day 20. The response of locus coeruleus neurones to the single reserpine injection was heterogeneous; cells in the dorsal portion of the nucleus exhibiting a greater response than ventrally located cells.

Animals↗