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Biomedical subjects

K Kaaber

Publications and source records attributed to K Kaaber.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Nickel, cobalt and chromium sensitivity in patients with pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema).

Sixteen patients with negative routine patch tests were challenged orally in a controlled trial with 2.5 mg nickel, 1 mg cobalt, and 2.5 mg chromium given as salts of the respective metals. All of the patients had symmetrical, vesicular hand dermatitis and in some cases also foot involvement. The dermatitis of two patients flared after challenge with cobalt; in two patients flare occurred following chromate ingestion. Prior to the oral challenge all the patients were patch tested with nickel sulphate, cobalt chloride and potassium dichromate after adhesive tape stripping. Solutions of the same metal salts were used for intradermal testing. The intradermal test sites were read after 20 minutes and 48 hours, the patch tests after 48 h. Skin test reactivity correlated poorly to the results of the oral challenge, possibly due to nonspecific skin test reactivity. It is concluded that oral challenge is a valuable adjunctive diagnostic procedure in patients with pompholyx who have negative routine patch tests.

Chromium↗
PubMed1979

Antibodies against nickel-albumin in rabbits and man.

Five albino rabbits were immunized every 2 weeks by intradermal injections of a nickel rabbit-albumin complex and during alternate weeks by occluded cutaneous applications of 5% nickel sulphate in petrolatum. After 6 weeks of immunization, passive immunodiffusion disclosed precipitating antibodies against the nickel-albumin complex in the serum of the rabbits. The specificity of these antibodies was substantiated by the precipitation of anti-albumin antibodies with rabbit albumin prior to immunodiffusion. Passive immunodiffusion was used to examine serum from 14 nickel-sensitive patients for precipitating antibodies against nickel human-albumin complex. Five of the patients had widespread erythematous, non-eczematous reactions following oral challenge with 2.5 mg nickel as nickel sulphate, while five others suffered an aggravation of their nickel dermatitis. Precipitating antibodies were found in three patients, all of whom had experienced rapid-onset erythema after oral challenge. A weak precipitate was seen in one of nine controls. The specificity of the precipitates was substantiated by reproducibility and by negative immunodiffusion after precipitation in the positive sera with the antigen.

Albumins↗
PubMed1978

Low nickel diet in the treatment of patients with chronic nickel dermatitis.

Of 28 patients with chronic nickel dermatitis 17 experienced aggravation following oral ingestion of 2.5 mg nickel, but not a placebo tablet. The dermatitis of 9 of the 17 patients improved during a period of 6 weeks on a low nickel diet. The dermatitis of 7 of the 9 patients flared again when a normal diet was resumed. Nickel excretion over a 24-h period was measured for 14 of the 17 patients by atomic absorption spectrophotometry before, during, and after the diet. Reduced excretion was seen during the diet with no statistically significant difference between patients whose dermatitis improved during the diet and those whose dermatitis showed no change.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of pompholyx due to nickel allergy with chelating agents.

Ingestion of nickel is important for the chronicity of hand eczema in nickel-sensitive patients. We have tried the effect of chelating agents. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and tetraethyl thiuramdisulfide (TETD) have proved effective in the treatment of nickel carbonyl poisoning. A 66-year-old woman suffering from severe nickel dermatitis has been treated in three periods, first with DDC 100 mg Q. I. D. for 20 days, and later with TETD 100 mg T. I. D. for two periods. An improvement has been observed in all three experiments.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Nephrotoxicity in combined cephalothin and gentamicin therapy.

Thirty-two series of treatment with cephalothin and gentamicin for 5-10 days have been administered to 26 patients. An increase in serum creatinine occurred in 6 series. Important factors for the renal damage were elevated pretreatment serum creatinine, elevated serum gentamicin and probably a high serum cephalothin. In 2 patients the nephrotoxicity was fully reversible; the others died before a dicisive improvement in renal function could be expected. In 11 out of 28 treatment series there was a transient drop in serum potassium. Since the combination of cephalothin and gentamicin as the primary treatment of life-threatening infection has often proved effective, and since short-lasting treatment seems to entail only a minute risk of nephrotoxicity in patients with normal pretreatment serum creatinine, we still prefer this treatment in such cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The significance of chromate ingestion in patients allergic to chromate.

A double-blind study was carried out to demonstrate the significance of chromate ingestion in the persistence of chromic chromate dermatitis. Each of 31 chromate-allergic patients was given one tablet containing 7.1 mg potassium dichromate, plus a placebo tablet. The dermatitis of 11 of the 31 patients flared after the ingestion of chromate, but not after placebo. 3 patients had equivocal reactions to both tablets; the dermatitis worsened in 2 patients following ingestion of the placebo but not after the chromate tablet. No statistically significant difference could be found between reactivity to chromate and eczema of dyshidrotic morphology. Nor was it possible to correlate the degree of patch test reactivity to the reaction following chromate ingestion. It is concluded that a low-chromate diet is of value in the management of patients with chronic chromate dermatitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae type b infections among children in Denmark in 1985 and 1986.

A retrospective epidemiological study of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infections among children in Denmark 1985 and 1986 was carried out and 226 cases were identified. Of these 93% occurred in patients younger than five, corresponding to an annual incidence of 40 cases per 100,000 children aged 0-4 years, 68% occurred in patients younger than two years of age, and 6% in patients younger than six months. The annual incidences of meningitis and epiglottis were 27 and 8 cases, respectively, per 100,000 children aged 0-4 years. Of the 156 cases with meningitis four patients died and seven had severe neurological sequelae. Only 67% of the cases of meningitis had been notified.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A prospective study of gentamicin ototoxicity.

Twenty patients were included in a prospective otoneurological study performed to assess the ototoxicity in gentamicin therapy. Gentamicin was administered intravenously, and the serum level was currently determined. Audiographic and electronystagmographic studies were carried out at the institution and discontinuation of the treatment and again a few weeks later. Ten patients exhibited ototoxic actions, predominantly cochlear, 4 of the cases being fully reversible. Two patients developed severe hearing loss, associated in one with bilateral extinction of vestibular function. Low serum levels of gentamicin did not rule out the possiblity of ototoxicity. These results urge the continuing of prospective studies and indicate that gentamicin should be used only as a link in the primary treatment of severe infection or in cases in which other, less toxic agents have failed.

Adolescent↗