Cell damage by near-IR microbeams.
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Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
K König
Publications and source records attributed to K König.
Photodynamic therapy in psoriasis: suppression of cytokine production in vitro and recording of fluorescence modification during treatment in vivo.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) consists of the combination of photosensitizers absorbing light mainly in the red spectral region and irradiation with light of corresponding wavelengths. We analysed its effects on the cytokine secretion (IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, IL-6) of freshly isolated peripheral mononuclear cells from six patients with chronic plaque-stage psoriasis in comparison with PUVA. PUVA treatment resulted in a decreased production of all three cytokines, but most pronounced in the case of IL-6. PDT caused a similar change in the cytokine pattern, but its effectiveness was lower. In vivo fluorescence recordings were performed on psoriatic plaque lesions after topical application of the photosensitizer Photosan-3. Under irradiation, progressive photobleaching was noted with increasing radiation dosage. This is the first reported study of photochemical reactions using on-line fluorescence recordings during PDT of psoriatic lesions in vivo. Our results demonstrate the capacity of PDT to cause immunomodulatory effects similar to PUVA, thus indicating its potential application to the treatment of this common disease.
Cytokines↗
Photodynamic therapy of experimental colonic tumours with 5-aminolevulinic-acid-induced endogenous porphyrins.
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a precursor in the biosynthesis of haem. External application of 5-ALA leads to the formation of protoporphyrin IX, the last intermediate product before haem, which is an effective sensitiser. The 5-ALA-induced endogenous photosensitisation of tumour cells has been exploited for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Experimental human G-3 colonic tumours were transplanted into nude mice, and ten mice were treated by PDT. Ten animals served as controls. We measured a fluorescence intensity of the tumour that was about eight times higher than in the surrounding tissue; a good correlation between the fluorescence intensity and the photodynamic effect was found. Tumour growth was inhibited significantly after PDT, two tumours being destroyed completely after the second PDT treatment. In addition, on-line fluorescence detection during PDT showed a change in the intensity and the fluorescence spectrum of protoporphyrin IX caused by photobleaching and the formation of photoproducts.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Differences between patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic myocardial infarction: the relevance of psychological factors.
Several hypotheses describe the phenomenon asymptomatic myocardial infarction (MI) blockade of afferent cardiac nerves, pain inhibition by endogenous opioids, and insufficient severity of myocardial ischaemia. Psychological factors, however, are rarely considered. The present study involved 35 asymptomatic (AMI) and 35 symptomatic patients (SMI) selected from a sample of 199 patients with myocardial infarction. During observation in a rehabilitation clinic, the following were assessed: biochemical variables; ECG at rest, at exercise, and during Holter monitoring; and a special 23 h monitoring of physical activity, ECG changes, and subjective feelings. Psychological assessments with questionnaires were also performed and comprised: personality evaluation; physical complaints; possible predisposing features for the development of MI; expectations regarding the benefit of rehabilitation; circumstances at the time of infarction; and socioeconomic and historical data. The hypothesis that physiological factors might explain the differences between AMI and SMI is not substantiated by our results. However, the hypothesis of the role of psychological factors is supported. As opposed to AMI patients, SMI patients are characterized by frequent complaints of poor health, neuroticism, and introversion. At the time of infarction, SMI patients had more frequent premonitory symptoms of longer duration. Moreover, SMI patients had more frequent previous hospital or nursing home admissions. At the end of the rehabilitation treatment, only 43% of the SMI patients were judged by their physician as fit for work as against 71% of the AMI patients.
Angina Pectoris↗
In vitro and in vivo effects of photodynamic therapy in cutaneous T cell lymphoma.
Photodynamic therapy consists of the combination of photosensitizers absorbing light in the visible spectral region and irradiation with light of corresponding wavelengths. We analysed its effects in comparison to PUVA treatment on cell lines MyLA and HuT78, established from patients with cutaneous T cell lymphomas. Proliferation was reduced to 50% by exposure to 7.5 J/cm2 UV-A (= ED50). This effect was increased more than 10-fold in the presence of 10 micrograms/ml 8-methoxypsoralen. The ED50 for photodynamic therapy using 630 nm light emitted by a dye laser and 10 micrograms/ml Photosan-3 was found to be about 1 J/cm2. In vivo fluorescence recordings during topical photodynamic therapy of mycosis fungoides lesions showed photo-bleaching and thus documented the triggering of photochemical reactions. Our observations document the capability of photodynamic therapy to inhibit proliferation of transformed T cells similar to PUVA, pointing out its potential in the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphomas.
Cell Line↗
[Therapy of functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints in vestibular diseases].
Cervicogenic vertigo is caused by functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints. Improvement of vertigonous symptoms by chiropractic treatment was often described. The therapeutic effect of chiropractic treatment in 28 patients with vertigo and purely functional disorders of the upper cervical spine or with a combination of functional disorders of the upper cervical spine and the labyrinth was evaluated. Improvement of vertigonous symptoms on patients with purely functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints as well as on patients with combined functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints and labyrinth could be seen. Two of the 28 patients showed persistent relief of symptoms and normalisation of cervical motility whereas the vestibular deficit persisted. One patient with persistent vestibular dysfunction showed recurrent malfunction of the upper cervical spine and vertigo. In our opinion chiropractic treatment is mandatory for the therapy of patients with vestibular affections and functional disorders of the craniovertebral joints.
Atlanto-Axial Joint↗
[Clinical results and material behavior of composite, ceramic and gold inlays].
Laboratory-manufactured gold, ceramic and composite inlays were compared with the CAD/CAM produced CEREC inlay experimentally and clinically. The following systems were examined: Dicor, Optec, Hi-Ceram, Du-Ceram, Cerec, Kulzer, Coltene, SR-Isosit composite inlays, and gold inlays (Degulor C) with adhesive fixation (group I) and with zinc oxide phosphate cement (group II). In the clinical trial inlays in 270 teeth were re-evaluated in a total of 73 patients after 2.3 to 5 years. After 3 years the results obtained with Optec, Hi-Ceram and the Coltene composite inlay were less favorable than those of other systems--statistically however, this difference was of rather low significance (p less than 0.05). Fractures of ceramic inlays occurred in 6 cases within 8 months. 10 failures of ceramic and composite inlays were due to secondary caries.
Composite Resins↗
[A simple setup for measuring scattering in testing the photodynamic effectiveness of dyes].
An experimental setup for the determination of the photodynamic activity of dyes on the basis of scattering measurements is described. With its aid, photochemically induced morphological changes and the process of cell lysis can be registered, and action spectra measured by varying the irradiation wavelength. Different photoproducts of the photosensitizer hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) were tested in human erythrocyte suspensions. The photodynamic activity of these products was found to depend on absorption behavior, but is lower than that of HPD.
Cells, Cultured↗
[Caries status and periodontal health in 6- to 10-year old elementary school children in Graz compared to Swiss, Swedish and WHO principles].
In a complete survey, 7500 primary pupils in Graz aged between six and ten years were examined for caries and periodontal health. Comparison with the DMF-T values of primary school pupils in Switzerland and Sweden indicated that considerable efforts are required in Austria if preventive dental health education is to achieve the standard status it has enjoyed for years in the other countries mentioned.
Austria↗
Variation in the fluorescence decay properties of haematoporphyrin derivative during its conversion to photoproducts.
Haematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) photoproducts are formed in aqueous solutions during light exposure in the presence of oxygen. The evaluation of the fluorescence decay of the photoproduct-enriched HpD solution shows an increase in the short-lived components, especially about 2 ns, in comparison with HpD without photoproducts. The bleaching of the HpD fluorescence and the photoproduct formation by the fluorescence-exciting radiation has to be taken into account in the evaluation of stationary as well as time-resolved fluorescence measurements.
Animals↗
[Histological aspect of cyanoacrylate dental cavity lining].
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Adolescent↗
[Laser-induced fluorescence diagnosis of tumors exemplified by solid Ehrlich carcinoma].
The laser-induced fluorescence of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) sensitized experimental Ehrlich carcinoma on mice is investigated. The fluorescence is excited with the 364-nm argon laser line. The tumor fluorescence spectra are recorded in the red spectral region. The HpD induced fluorescence of the tumors is superimposed on the autofluorescence of tissue. The tumor fluorescence shows a maximum 4 h after i.p. application of HpD. The fluorescence intensity is reduced by strong excitation causing bleaching of the HpD absorption. The fluorescence spectrum is also changing and the generation of a fluorescent photoproduct is observed.
Animals↗
The effect of nitroimidazole and photochemotherapy on solid Ehrlich carcinomas.
The photodynamic effect of activated hematoporphyrin in combination with the radiosensitizer nitroimidazole was investigated. The tumor model used was the solid Ehrlich carcinoma, He-Ne laser was chosen as the light source. A significant difference between the tumor masses of control animals and the tumor masses of treated animals was recorded. It is possible that the photodynamic processes are based on Type I photooxidation. Especially in the treatment of hypoxic areas of tumors the additional administration of nitroimidazole may be important.
Animals↗
[Photochemotherapy of experimental tumors in animals using various photosensitizers].
Different colouring matters with high molar extinction coefficient were tested at the Friedrich Schiller University with regard to their photodynamic efficacy. Test system was the rapid-growing solid Ehrlich carcinoma. Methylen-blue, hematoporphyrin derivative Halle and chlorophyllin produce a markedly reduction of the tumor weight. In the presence of hypoxic areas an additional application of nitroimidazols is possible. A pilot laser unit for photochemotherapy of urinary bladder tumors is presented.
Animals↗
[Influence of preparation and margin finishing on accuracy of fit of intracoronal gold restorations].
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Cementation↗
In vivo autofluorescence investigations on animal tumors.
The in vivo fluorescence behavior of unmarked tissue (autofluorescence) of tumor-bearing mice was investigated. An argon-ion laser was used as the excitation source emitting radiation at 351 nm and 364 nn. Fluorescence bands in the red spectral range were recorded. The spectral distribution of the fluorescence of the solid Ehrlich carcinoma was different from that of the neighboring tissue.
Animals↗
[Laser-assisted transurethral resection of ureteral occlusions].
After transurethral resection across the ureteral ostium a scared stenosis or complete occlusion is possible and its transurethral recanalization is dangerous. Therefore, a new concept with utilisation of laser light is presented. After percutaneous renal punction the laser light fiber is placed antegrade into the ureter near the stenotic ostium and the stenosis is resected transurethrally under fluoroscopy onto the laser light spot. Thereafter a splint is placed transrenal into the bladder for 3 weeks. The presented technique could minimize the operative expense.
Cystoscopes↗
Photodynamic therapy with haematoporphyrin derivative on mice with solid Ehrlich carcinomas.
The tumor-toxic effect of the photosensitizer HpD/Halle activated by laser radiation was demonstrated. Solid Ehrlich carcinoma was used as model. Investigations into the tumor growth, the HpD-distribution after different kinds of drug administration by means of fluorescence measurements, the phototoxicity and the reduction of tumor masses after HpD application and laser irradiation were carried out.
Animals↗