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Biomedical subjects

K K Pandey

Publications and source records attributed to K K Pandey.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Parametrial invasion in carcinoma of cervix: role of MRI measured tumour volume.

The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between MRI measured tumour volume and parametrial invasion on histology in the evaluation of carcinoma of the cervix showing full thickness stromal invasion (FTSI). Original MR images of 159 surgical cases of carcinoma of the cervix retrieved from the MR image bank of the department were analysed retrospectively. Tumour volume from the maximum tumour diameters in each case was computed using the standard formula for an ellipse and correlated with parametrial invasion on histology. Of 105 cases showing FTSI on axial T(2) weighted MRI, tumour volume between the two groups of cases, with parametrial invasion (n=27) and without parametrial invasion (n=78), shows a statistically significant difference (p=0.006). Best accuracy of 60.95%, sensitivity 59.26% and specificity 61.54% was found for tumour volume of 36.39 cm(3). The study concludes that MRI measured tumour volume is associated with low accuracy in the evaluation of parametrial invasion in carcinoma of cervix showing FTSI in axial T(2) weighted MR images and may not help as an additional diagnostic criterion to predict parametrial invasion pre-operatively.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Pseudomonas indica sp. nov., a novel butane-utilizing species.

The taxonomic position of two butane-utilizing bacteria was studied using a polyphasic approach. Biochemical and physiological characteristics indicated these to be members of the genus Pseudomonas, showing more similarity to Pseudomonas mendocina than to any other species. The major fatty acids found in these two strains also pointed to their similarity to P. mendocina. On the other hand, DNA-DNA hybridization studies with seven related Pseudomonas species belonging to the gamma-Proteobacteria and the deltaTm values of reassociated molecules clearly showed that these two strains do not belong to any of the seven species tested. The 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and compared with the sequences available in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis using the region covering positions 31-1488 (Escherichia coli numbering) confirmed these observations and placed these two strains as members of the authentic Pseudomonas, but not in any existing species of the genus. On the basis of biochemical characteristics, fatty acid profiles, DNA-DNA reassociation and deltaTm values, as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, these two isolates were shown to belong to one species but to have characteristics distinct from those of validly described species of Pseudomonas (sensu stricto). These strains, therefore, should be recognized as a novel species, for which the name Pseudomonas indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain IMT37T (= MTCC 3713T = DSM 14015T).

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Structure and bonding in Hartwig stretched eta(3)-hydridoborate sigma-complex of niobium(III).

Ab initio calculations at the SCF, MP2, CASSCF, and CASPT2 levels of theory with basis sets using atomic pseudopotentials have been carried out for the stretched eta(3)-hydridoborate sigma-complex of niobium, [Cl2Nb(H2B(OH)2)], in order to investigate the nature and energetics of the interaction between the transition metal and the eta(3)-hydridoborate ligand. The geometry of the complex [Cl2Nb(H2B(OH)2] and its fragments [Cl2Nb](+) and [H2B(OH)2](-) were optimized at SCF and CASSCF levels. These results are consistent with [Cl2Nb(eta(3)-H2B(OH)2)] being a Nb(III) complex in which both hydrogen and boron of the [eta(3)-H2B(OH)2](-) ligand have a bonding interaction with the niobium preserving stretching B-H bond character. The calculated values of DEF (energy required to restore the fragment from the equilibrium structure to the structure it takes in the complex) for [Cl2Nb](+) are 5.35 kcal/mol at SCF, 3.27 kcal/mol at MP2, 4.80 kcal/mol at CASSCF, and 2.82 kcal/mol at CASPT2 and for [H2B(OH)2](-) 21.13 kcal/mol at SCF, 23.85 kcal/mol at MP2, 20.69 kcal/mol at CASSCF, and 23.48 kcal/mol at CASPT2. Values of INT (stabilization energy resulting from the coordination of distorted ligand to the metal fragment) for the complex [Cl2Nb(H2B(OH)2)] are -239.35 kcal/mol at SCF, -260.00 kcal/mol at MP2, -230.76 kcal/mol at CASSCF, and -252.60 kcal/mol at CASPT2. For the complex [(eta(5)-C5H5)2Nb(H2B(OH)2)], calculations at the SCF and MP2 levels were carried out. Values of INT for [(eta(5)-C5H5)2Nb(H2B(OH)2)] are -169.93 kcal/mol at SCF and -210.62 kcal/mol at MP2. The results indicate that the bonding of the [eta(3)-H2B(OH)2](-) ligand with niobium is substantially stable. The electronic structures of [Cl2Nb(H2B(OH)2)], [(eta(5)-C5H5)2Nb(H2B(OH)2)], and its fragments are analyzed in detail as measured by Mulliken charge distributions and orbital populations.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Tuberculous biliary strictures: uncommon cause of obstructive jaundice.

Tuberculous biliary stricture is a very rare cause of obstructive jaundice. A case of a man who had had pulmonary tuberculosis 20 years ago is reported. He now presented with obstructive jaundice due to multiple strictures just below the confluence of the hepatic ducts and in the right hepatic duct. At surgery these turned out to be tuberculous in origin. There was also tuberculous involvement of the gall bladder and cystic duct. The commonest differential diagnosis in such cases is cholangiocarcinoma (as in the present case). Imaging helps in defining the extent of bile duct obstruction. Suspicion of the disease and establishing a tissue diagnosis is very important in treating this potentially curable condition, especially with the worldwide resurgence of tuberculosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

A novel gene encoding a 54 kDa polypeptide is essential for butane utilization by Pseudomonas sp. IMT37.

Twenty-three propane- and butane-utilizing bacteria were isolated from soil samples collected from oilfields. Three of them have been identified as Rhodococcus sp. IMT35, Pseudomonas sp. IMT37 and Pseudomonas sp. MT40. SDS-PAGE analysis of the membrane of Rhodococcus sp. IMT35 revealed the presence of at least four polypeptides induced by propane. Polyclonal antibody raised against a 58 kDa polypeptide from Rhodococcus sp. IMT35 specifically detected bacteria which were actively utilizing propane or butane. Immunoscreening of a genomic library in lambdagt11 with this antibody resulted in isolation of a clone containing a 4.9 kb EcoRI genomic DNA fragment. This 4.9 kb DNA fragment was found to hybridize specifically with organisms which could grow on propane or butane. This fragment could therefore be used as a probe for detection of such bacteria. A 2.3 kb fragment having an ORF encoding a polypeptide of 54 kDa was identified by screening a genomic library of Pseudomonas sp. IMT37 with this 4.9 kb EcoRI fragment. The sequence of the ORF (designated orf54) was found to be novel. Primer extension and S1 nuclease mapping showed that transcription of the ORF starts at base 283 and it had sequences upstream similar to that of a Pseudomonas promoter (-12, -24 type). Disruption of the ORF by a kanamycin ('kan') cassette prevented the organism from growing on any alkane but did not affect its ability to utilize the respective alkanols and acids, indicating that alcohol dehydrogenase and subsequent steps in the pathway remained unaltered. The mutants had no detectable level of butane monooxygenase activity. Therefore, the product of this gene plays a crucial role in the first step of the pathway and is an essential component of monooxygenase. The findings imply that this bacterium either employs a common genetic and metabolic route or at least shares the product of this gene for utilization of many alkanes.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1997

Role of steroid hormone and growth factor receptors and proto-oncogenes in the behavior of human mammary epithelial cancer cells in vitro.

The cultivation of cells from primary breast cancers is very unpredictable. The majority of breast-cancer-derived cell lines are of metastatic origin. To define the characteristics of tumor cells which govern their ability to grow in vitro as primary cultures as well as continuous or established culture cell lineages, human mammary epithelial cancer (HMEC) cells from 18 cases of unselected primary breast cancer were propagated in culture. Propagation of HMEC cells in vitro as monolayers in primary culture was successful in 10 out of 18 (55.5%) cases, which showed continous proliferation of tumor cells only up to 6-8 passages before they reached senescence. An investigation of the effects of phenotypic expression of estrogen receptors (ER), the progesterone receptors, c-erbB-2 oncoprotein and epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) on the capacity of HMEC cells to grow in vitro as monolayers showed that expression of ER and EGFR is required for controlling tumor proliferative activity in vitro. Expression of ER protein made the growth of HMEC cells more difficult, while expression of EGFR protein made their growth in vitro easier. Phenotypic characteristics of floating HMEC cells were found to be different from those grown on cover slips as adherent cultures, suggesting a selective growth of HMEC cells of a specific phenotype in culture. Cultured HMEC cells in subsequent passages showed a decrease in their proliferative capacity, alterations in phenotypic characteristics and development of morphologic features of terminal differentiation, resulting in senescence.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1994

Transverse colon conduit urinary diversion in patients treated with very high dose pelvic irradiation.

OBJECTIVE: To study the results of transverse colon conduit urinary diversion in patients receiving very high dose pelvic irradiation (> or = 65 Gy). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Records were reviewed for 30 such patients who underwent transverse colon conduit as a primary form of urinary diversion between January 1986 and June 1992. Most of the conduits were constructed using refluxing ureterocolic anastomoses with stents. RESULTS: There was no operative mortality. Although the procedure was associated with a complication rate of 37% and a re-operation rate of 20%, there were no bowel or urinary anastomotic leaks. The operation could be safely performed on patients with renal failure, with 83% of such patients showing normal or improved serum creatinine levels post-operatively. CONCLUSION: The advantages of transverse colon conduit urinary diversion are the use of non-irradiated bowel and ureters for diversion. We recommend it as a primary form of urinary diversion in these high risk cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intrauterine perineal tear: a rare birth injury.

A rare case of birth injury having intrauterine complete perineal tear is presented. Defunctioning sigmoid colostomy was undertaken because of bad perineal condition. The baby died of Pseudomonas septicemia on the 15th day before definitive surgical procedure could be undertaken.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1990

Peroral pneumo colon--a double contrast technique to evaluate distal ileum and proximal colon.

The technique of peroral pneumocolon (POPC) has been found to be simple and easy to obtain excellent double contrast visualization of the distal ileum and proximal colon. Thirty-four patients were subjected to the POPC examination of which 29 had undergone prior barium meal follow through studies. In 86.2% of these cases POPC was found to be superior as compared to conventional studies. In 5 patients who could not retain Ba-enema, POPC was performed as first line of investigation with 100% efficacy.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1990

Role of cimetidine in prevention and treatment of stress induced gastric bleeding in neonates.

Gastric bleeding from stress ulcers in acutely sick infants frequently signals impending mortality. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of cimetidine in preventing and treating stress ulcers in such neonates. One hundred babies were included in this study. Out of this, 32 babies were given prophylactic cimetidine and 68 neonates acted as controls. It was observed that the babies on prophylactic cimetidine fared better than controls. In the second part of study, 77 neonates with clinical evidence of hemorrhage were included, 43 were put on cimetidine and 34 acted as controls. It was observed that babies on cimetidine therapy showed a better response. The gastric bleeding stopped earlier, and more babies responded favourably to this therapy. Use of cimetidine in stress induced bleeding in high risk neonates is recommended.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1990

Premature infant feeding: role of diluted formula.

The role of half strength, double volume milk feeds for initiating feeding in preterm newborn infants was evaluated. Thirty eight premature infants were included in the study and divided into Groups A and B having 20 and 18 babies, respectively. Group A babies were fed half strength (10 cal/oz) formula feeds but the volume was doubled, while Group B babies were fed full strength formula feeds (20 cal/oz) with standard volume. A pre-set schedule was evolved for feed increments in the two groups. The amount of feeds was increased daily till a volume of 150 ml/kg/day was reached. The end point of the study was achieved when the caloric intake became 100 cal/kg/day. It was observed that Group A babies attained enteral energy intake of 100 cals/kg/day much earlier and experienced lesser complications, viz., persistent gastric aspirate and abdominal distension. They required intravenous supplementation for a shorter duration thus reducing the associated complications.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1990

Typhoid fever below five years.

During a seven year period (1981-87), 53 cases of typhoid fever in children below five years were seen. This accounted for 13.5% of all typhoid admission in pediatrics during the above period. Predominant symptoms were fever (100%), vomiting (52.8%), diarrhea (30.2%) and anorexia (24.5%). Chills and rigor associated with fever was noticed in 38% of the children. Salmonella typhi was isolated from blood in 22 of 53 (41.7%) cases. A significant finding on peripheral smear was eosinopenia (86.8%). Complications like endotoxic shock, enteric encephalopathy and gastrointestinal hemorrhage were noticed in only few cases (7.6%). There were no deaths.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1988

Renal stone presenting as an abdominal lump.

We report a case of bilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction associated with bilateral stones, one of which was large. An Anderson-Hynes operation was performed on both sides, the stones were removed and the patient became asymptomatic. To our knowledge the stone in our case is the largest and heaviest ever to be described in the literature.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Genetic transformation in chicken by the use of irradiated male gametes.

Genetic transformation for egg and feather colour hs been obtained in the whole animal, chicken, by the use of irradiated male gametes. In this technique recipient females are first inseminated with irradiated semen from the donor and 24 h later are reinseminated with unirradiated, normal semen of the recipient strain. The transformed progeny are identical to the female strain but for one or a few genes derived from the irradiated semen. The expression of the transferred gene is irregular and may occur either in the first generation, after insemination with irradiated semen, or may occur in the following backcross generation. It is suggested that integration of a normally recessive, transferred gene at non-homologous sites in the recipient chromosomes might affect not only its regularity of expression but also its dominance relationship with the original maternal gene, "releasing" it from the dominance of the latter. The technique potentially offers a rapid method of improving an already established strain of an animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparative study of free omental, peritoneal, Dacron velour, and Marlex mesh reinforcement of large-bowel anastomosis: an experimental study.

The comparative role of free omental, peritoneal, Dacron velour, and Marlex mesh grafts in reinforcement of an extremely vulnerable experimental model of large-bowel anastomosis was studied in dogs. While both the omentum and peritoneum proved not to be effective in preventing anastomotic leakage, Dacron velour did considerably lower this incidence to within reasonable limits but led to formation of low-grade lymphoma at the reinforcement site in two animals. Only Marlex mesh was found to be highly effective in sealing the suture line, and it is anticipated that, with the usual technique of anastomosis, this sealing effect will be foolproof, thereby nullifying any risk of suture-line breakdown.

Animals↗