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Biomedical subjects

K K Mittal

Publications and source records attributed to K K Mittal.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A population study of herpesvirus infections and HLA antigens.

In a population-based study of herpesvirus infection and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotype, conducted during the period 1977-1979 in the Framingham Study cohort, HLA-Bw16 was found less often and HLA-Cw2 more often in individuals with histories of herpes labialis than in other individuals. Similarly, both geometric mean antibody titer to herpes simplex type 1 and proportion of individuals with detectable antibody were higher in those without Bw16 and in those with Cw2. No strong association was found between HLA and history of herpes zoster or titer to herpes simplex type 2, varicella-zoster virus or cytomegalovirus.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Lack of association between HLA and age in an aging population.

In a sample of 228 Framingham Study participants aged 58 to 86 who were typed for HLA, neither frequencies of individual antigens nor heterozygosity at the A or B loci appeared to be related to age. Previously found associations could be chance occurrences, or HLA-related effects on longevity in the general population might be small. It is also possible that such effects occur at younger ages than those included in our study or that HLA is related to the aging process in a way that is detectable only at very advanced ages.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Sperm priming reveals specific autoreactive lymphocyte clones.

Human spermatozoa from 18 donors were used to prime lymphocytes from 15 donors in a total of 60 different combinations. The sperm primed lymphocytes were tested in second culture against a total of 60 autologous and 180 allogeneic x-ray irradiated cells. We found that lymphocytes primed for 10-12 days in first culture with allogeneic spermatozoa showed highly significant responses in second culture to leukocytes autologous to the responder. The degree of autologous reactivity between specific subjects ranged from weak to significantly higher than the usual preferential primed lymphocyte typing reaction seen in a secondary mixed leukocyte culture reaction. These findings indicate that healthy human volunteers possess a set of self-reactive lymphocytes that can be detected by priming with allogeneic sperm in specific combinations.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1981

HLA-DR typing: a comparison between nylon wool adherence and T cell rosetting in the isolation of B cells.

A comparison was made between two different methods of B cell isolation, nylon wool adherence versus SRBC rosetting in terms of the technical ease of B cell purification and the reproducibility of DR phenotyping. It was found that B cells isolated by either method from 30 randomly selected donors gave equivalent results in the determination of DR phenotypes. Due to its simplicity and reliability, nylon wool adherence may be preferred over the SRBC rosette method for the routine phenotyping of B cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

An information theory quality score for reagent sera.

A quality score adapted from information theory is of interest in evaluating HLA typing sera in that it permits the evaluation of a panel of sera detecting a given specificity from the quality characteristics of the sera considered individually. The empirical question of additivity of quality scores is considered using data of the 8th International Histocompatibility Workshop. Additivity is only approximate, which indicates that panels of sera will not be quite as good as would be predicted by summing quality scores of the component sera. Methodological problems regarding estimation of the quality score are considered. The information quality score is related to other indices of serum quality for the special case in which reactions are scored as positive or negative.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1981

Cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxicity mediated by non-T lymphocytes from peripheral blood of normal volunteers.

The cytotoxicity of circulating mononuclear cells from normal volunteers was determined using human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-typed, low-passaged human skin fibroblasts infected with cytomegalovirus as target cells. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from both seropositive and seronegative individuals possessed virus specific cytotoxicity. Although all target cells used were susceptible to virus specific lysis, lymphocytes from some individuals were more active against some target cells than others. This differential cytotoxicity did not follow a consistent pattern of HLA restriction. Some variations in cytotoxic activity were noted on sequential studies of individual volunteers. Studies of fractionated lymphocytes from selected immune and nonimmune individuals demonstrated that cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from both groups was mediated by nonadherent, Fc receptor bearing cells which did not form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. Repeated washing sometimes decreased cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from immune individuals, and addition of serum containing antibody to cytomegalovirus enhanced cytotoxicity, suggesting antibody dependence. It is concluded that cytotoxic lymphocytes from nonimmune volunteers possessed characteristics of natural killer cells, whereas those from immune volunteers probably consisted of both natural killer cells and antibody-dependent killer cells.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1981

Iridocyclitis in black Americans: association with HLA B8 suggests an autoimmune aetiology.

Histocompatibility (HLA) testing was performed on a total of 171 black Americans, 129 controls, and 42 patients with iridocyclitis. None of the patients had a history of rheumatological disease. The phenotype frequency of HLA B8 was greatly increased among patients than the control group (exact p = 0.0010). Most striking was the almost identical phenotypic frequency of B27 found in patients and in the control group (exact p = 0.07087). No HLA DR antigen in the patient group was found to be significantly raised when compared with controls. The HLA B8 associated diseases was seen more in females, was bilateral and nongranulomatous, had no systemic disease associated with it, and left patients with visual handicap. The HLA B8 antigen has been associated with various entities of presumed autoimmune origin, and these data suggest that iridocyclitis, at least in blacks, may be of similar aetiology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Association of certain human leukocyte antigens with nephropathic cystinosis in the absence of linkage between these loci.

The HLA phenotypes of 41 patients (22 males and 19 females) with classical nephropathic cystinosis were analyzed and compared with those reported from a control group of 1,465 Americans of Caucasian origin. There was a significantly increased association of cystinosis with HLA B7, and a reduced association with A9. The calculated A3B7 and A1B7 haplotypes were also significantly increased in cystinosis. Lod score analysis of five families indicated that linkage between the gene(s) for cystinosis and the HLA loci is unlikely. While associations of other genetic diseases with specific HLA types should be sought, such relationships, as documented here, do not imply true genetic linkage.

Cystinosis↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of femoral diaphyseal fractures in children by strapping.

Sixty-three children with closed uncomplicated fractures of the shaft of the femur were treated by strapping the fractured thigh to the flexed leg by zinc oxide adhesive tape. Forty-eight patients with follow-up times of 6 months to 3 years were evaluated for final assessment. The result were good in 43 and fair in 5 children. The method is effective, safe and easy; it is performed in one stage and does not require anaesthesia.

Bandages↗
PubMed1980

Allelic subdivisions of the HLA-B12-Bw21 complex: association with Bw4 and Bw6.

Allelic subdeterminants (or splits) of the B12-Bw21 complex were characterized by the use of highly selected antisera and cell donors. The B12 antigen was separated into two major components, Bw44 and Bw45; and possibly a third. It was shown that Bw44 is primarily an antigen of whites, and Bw45 of blacks. Of the 68 persons who had B12, 49 were white and 19 were black. Among whites, 47 (96%) had Bw44 split, and only one (2%) had Bw45. Among blacks, however, 10 (53%) had Bw44, and 9 (47%) had Bw45. Thus, of the 57 persons who had Bw44, a majority (82%) were white, while of 10 persons who had Bw45, a majority (90%) were black. The broad specificity Bw4 was strongly associated with the presence of Bw44, and Bw6 with the presence of Bw45 (coefficient of correlationequa tol0.81). The Bw21 antigen was similarly separated into two major components, Bw49 and Bw50; and possibly a third. Among the 23 Bw21-positive persons, Bw49 was present in 68% of whites and 75% of blacks, while Bw50 was present in 26% of whites, and in 50% of blacks. The broad Bw4 was clearly associated with the presence of Bw49, and Bw6 with the presence of Bw50 (coefficient of correlation equal to 1.00).

Alleles↗
PubMed1980

HLA-compatible paternity in two "fertile eunuchs" with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia (the Kallmann syndrome).

Two men are described who fulfill the criteria for both the Kallmann and the fertile eunuch syndrome, and we report the erythrocyte and HLA phenotypes of these men and their children. There were no paternal exclusions noted in red blood cell phenotypes encompassing seven separate red cell systems. The HLA phenotypes indicate that the probability that these men were the fathers of the children was greater than 99.99%.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The HLA antigens in Cogan's syndrome.

HLA typing of ten patients with well documented Cogan's syndrome failed to support previous reports of an increased incidence of HLA-B17. Although HLA-A9 (Aw24), Bw35, and Cw4 appeared increased in frequency among patients, the small number of cases precluded attaching importance to the significance of these increased frequencies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The HLA and ABO antigens in pigment dispersion syndrome.

We found no statistically significant differences in phenotype frequencies of the 36 different HLA antigens or the ABO antigens when we compared 27 white patients with pigment dispersion syndrome (18 without glaucoma and nine with glaucoma) with 323 white controls. An increase was suggested in the incidence of B7 in patients without glaucoma, and of B13 among patients with glaucoma.

ABO Blood-Group System↗