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Biomedical subjects

K K Kapoor

Publications and source records attributed to K K Kapoor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Chemical and biological changes during composting of different organic wastes and assessment of compost maturity.

Changes in organic C, total N, C:N ratio, activities of cellulase, xylanase and protease, and microbial population were determined during composting of different organic wastes such as mixture of sugarcane trash and cattle dung, press mud, poultry waste and water hyacinth biomass. There were losses of N in poultry waste and water hyacinth with the effect an initial increase in C:N ratio was observed which decreased later on due to decomposition. The activities of cellulase, xylanase and protease were maximum between 30 and 60 days of composting in various wastes. Similar trend was observed with respect to mesophilic bacterial and fungal population. Various quality parameters like C:N ratio, water soluble C (WSC), CO(2) evolution and level of humic substances were compared after 90 day composting. There was statistically significant correlation between C:N ratio and CO(2) evolution, WSC and humic substances. Significant correlation between CO(2) evolved and level of humic substances was also observed. The study shows that no single parameter can be taken as an index of compost maturity. However, C:N ratio and CO(2) evolved from finished compost can be taken as the most reliable indices of compost maturity.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2004

Effectivity of host-Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiosis in soils receiving sewage water containing heavy metals.

Disposal of sewage water in cultivated soils often containing considerable amount of potentially toxic metals such as Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb and Cr can be beneficial or harmful to plant growth, rhizobial survival, nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Soil samples from 14 such locations were collected. Symbiotic effectivity of host-Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiosis in these soils was assessed. The total metal contents of Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni in all the 14 samples collected from farmer's fields receiving sewage water ranged between 1.3 and 6.7, 55.8-353.2, 356.0-1028.0 and 90.0-199.7 mg kg(-1) of soil, respectively. In Rohtak 1 soil, levels of Cd, Cu and Zn were highest while Ni was highest in Sonipat 2 soil. The content of available Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni in these soils ranged from 1.0-29.3; 6.2-47.0; 2.4-13.5, respectively, and was 2-9 percent of their total metal contents. All the N2 fixing parameters in pea and Egyptian clover were adversely affected by the presence of heavy metals. Available Cd and Cu contents significantly affected the N contents of pea and Egyptian clover plants, whereas Ni contents were negatively correlated with the plant biomass of pea and Egyptian clover.

Fabaceae↗
PubMed1993

Clinico-therapeutic profile of pyogenic liver abscess.

Nineteen consecutive patients of pyogenic liver abscess (13 males, 6 females, mean age 45.2 +/- 6, 5 years) were studied over a period of 5 years for the clinical profile and therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous aspiration. Majority of them presented with spiking fever (94.7%), pain over right upper quadrant of abdomen (53.8%) and often with prostration and shock (31.6%). The onset has been rather acute in patients with multiple abscesses (7 cases). Ascites (10.5%), clubbing of fingers (15.8%) and splenomegaly (10.5%) were observed in cases with long duration of illness. There has been the polymorphonuclear leucocytosis (89.5%) and mild to moderate anaemia (52.6%). Jaundice (42.1%) was usually mild degree (serum bilirubin 4.6 +/- 2.4 mg/dl). The serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase were raised in 94.9% of cases. Ultrasonography revealed predominantly hypoechoic (54.1%) areas with frequent distal acoustic enhancement and internal echoes (21.6%). Seven patients had multiple abscesses with 25 lesions (size 5.2 +/- 4.6 cms) situated mainly over antero-inferior segment of the right lobe (45.9%) of the liver. The blood and pus cultures demonstrated the micro-organisms (positive in 63.9% and 86.6% respectively) predominantly of bowel flora including facultative gram negative rods and anaerobes. Mortality was 26.5% and pleuro-pulmonary complications were the commonest (26.4%) one. 15 cases were treated by percutaneous aspiration, proper antibiotic and metronidazole with encouraging results (only two deaths). Complete resolution of abscess took place in 14.2 +/- 1.2 weeks (range 6 weeks to 7.5 months). It is emphasized that percutaneous needle aspiration is useful both for diagnosis and treatment of pyogenic liver abscess.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Clinical profile of herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus was seen in 22 cases out of 195 cases of herpes zoster (11.3% incidence). It was affecting mainly adults (90.9%). Oedema over the lids (81.8%) was invariably present and lead to ptosis. Mucopurulent conjunctivitis, predominantly mucoid (72.7%) was the commonest manifestation associated with vesicles over the lid margins. Sectorial (22.7%) and diffuse (9.1%) episcleritis appeared in later part of first week, while nodular episcleritis was observed in one case only on 12th day of the disease. Nummular keratitis was seen in 31.8% of cases between 8-10 days. Iritis and iridocyclitis was seen in 45.4% of cases out of which 36.3% had secondary ocular hypertension (glaucoma). Neuroparalytic keratitis and internal ophthalmoplegia were detected in one patient each. Postherpetic neuralgia occurred in 22.7% of cases and was uncommon in younger age group (below 40 years, 4.5%). Carbamazepine was effective in relieving the herpetic pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Clinical profile of giardiasis and comparison of its therapeutic response to metronidazole and tinidazole.

Seventy five cases (50 males, 25 females; mean age 20.2 +/- 5.8 years), whose stools were positive for cysts and/or trophozoites of Giardia lamblia, were studied for their clinical profile and therapeutic response to metronidazole and tinidazole. Maximum frequency of cases (41.2%) was noted upto 20 years of age, and it declined with advancing age. A majority of them (41.3%) presented with non-specific symptoms while 38.6% were asymptomatic parasite carriers. Features of malabsorption were observed in 12% of cases and 8% presented with acute illness, having explosive, watery, foul smelling diarrhoea along with crampy upper abdominal discomfort. Most of them (62.5%) had blood group A. Tinidazole (97.5%) was more efficacious (P less than 0.01) than metronidazole (54%) in a single dose of 50 mg/Kg, with good tolerance. Tinidazole can be recommended for the treatment of giardiasis in individual cases as well as in families and close communities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Male gonads in leprosy--a clinico-pathological study.

Sixty male leprosy patients (mean age 27.2 +/- 5.04 years) selected at random, were studied for gonadal involvement with the mean duration of illness 4.17 +/- 3.27 years. Only lerpomatous and borderline leprosy cases developed testicular and epididymal changes. Testicular pain and/or swelling (lepromatous 62.5%, borderline 30%) was the main presenting feature. Altered sexual function was observed in 34(56.6%) cases, and 11 patients revealed altered sexual hair pattern. Gynecomastia was seen in 9 cases. Reduced testicular size along with its soft feeling was present in 25% of cases while no testicular sensation was felt in 8 (13.3%) cases, and impaired testicular sensation in 9 (15%) of them. Spermogram revealed azoospermia in 19 (35%) and oligospermia in 16 (26.6%) cases. Histo-pathology revealed evidences of leprous pathology irrespective of testicular size, semen picture and clinical manifestations. There was marked variation in histopathological findings in testes and hence it was difficult to categorise them into vascular, interstitial and obliterative phase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Cholestasis in amoebic liver abscess.

Two hundred and thirty six patients with amoebic liver abscess were investigated for cholestasis, its mechanism and the natural course of the disease. Cholestasis was seen in 29% of cases and it presented with some unusual features: it was frequently seen in young men (mean age 38.6 +/- 6.3 years) (87%) with acute onset (69%) and was associated with signs of peritonism, or peritonitis (28%), splenomegaly (12%) and hepatic encephalopathy (coma 13%). Raised diaphragm was seen only in 37% of cases. Alcoholism may have contributed to the cholestasis in 37% of cases. Multiple (43%) and single (32%) large liver abscesses, especially on the inferior surface of the liver (25%), were common in jaundiced patients with amoebic liver abscess, while size and number of abscesses were directly related to the raised serum bilirubin concentrations. Bromsulphalein excretion (BSP) was found to be significantly reduced (p less than 0.01) in patients with jaundice (60%). Retrograde injection of contrast media into the common bile duct during six necropsies showed compression by amoebic liver abscess on the hepatic ducts. The mortality (43%) and the complications were significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in patients with jaundice. The aspiration/surgical drainage of amoebic liver abscess together with a combination of metronidazole and di-iodohydroxyquinoline was more effective than either metronidazole alone, or dehydroemetine with chloroquine.

Adolescent↗