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Biomedical subjects

K K Bhutani

Publications and source records attributed to K K Bhutani.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Effect of oleanane triterpenoids from Terminalia arjuna--a cardioprotective drug on the process of respiratory oxyburst.

The oleanane triterpenes arjunic acid, arjungenin and their glucosides, arjunetin and arjunglucoside II, were isolated from the bark of Terminalia arjuna. Arjungenin and its glucoside exhibited a moderate free radical scavenging activity while all the compounds showed no effect on the superoxide release from PMN cells. Further arjungenin also exhibited greater inhibitory action on the hypochlorous acid production from human neutrophils.

Biphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed2004

Ayurveda and gynecological disorders.

The science of life--Ayurveda is practiced in India since time immemorial. Besides being cheap and easily available Ayurvedic drugs are considered safe. Moreover, there is surge in the interest in Ayurveda due to quest of alternative medicines. Many of the gynecological disorders being not reported to the physicians, are treated with household remedies in India. The science of Ayurveda deals with these issues in a systematic manner as evident from the classification of diseases available and the number of plant drugs or the combinations thereof available for the treatment. In the present article, Ayurvedic herbal formulations and single plant drugs used traditionally in treatment of gynecological disorders are described.

Female↗
PubMed2004

Colonic drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil: an in vitro evaluation.

Compression coating has been found to be useful for colonic drug delivery. The aim of the present investigation was to design a formulation with a considerably reduced coat weight and gum concentration for colonic delivery of 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Rapidly disintegrating core tablets containing 50 mg of 5-fluorouracil were prepared and compression coating with 175 mg of granules containing a mixture of xanthan gum (XG) and guar gum (GG) in varying proportions was done. With this coat weight, a highly retarded drug release was observed. After 24h of dissolution the mean percent drug release from the compression coated XG:GG 20:20, 20:10 and 10:20 tablets were found to be around 18+/-1.23%, 20+/-1.54% and 30+/-1.77%, respectively. So, the coat weight was further reduced to 150 mg. It was observed that reduction of coat weight did not affect the initial drug release rate in simulated upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) conditions. At the end of 24h of dissolution the amount of drug released increased to 25+/-1.22%, 36.6+/-1.89% and 42.6+/-2.22%, respectively in XG:GG 20:20, 20:10 and 10:20 tablets. Studies of XG:GG (10:20) tablets in presence of colonic contents showed an increased cumulative percent drug release of 67.2+/-5.23% in presence of 2% cecal content and 80.34+/-3.89% in presence of 4% cecal content after 19 h of incubation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

Cyclooxygenase inhibitory flavonoids from the stem bark of Semecarpus anacardium Linn.

The ethyl acetate extract of stem bark of Semecarpus anacardium showing in vivo anti-in fl ammatory activity in carrageenan induced rat paw edema assay was investigated in order to identify its active compounds. Chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of S.anacardium afforded 3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone (butein) and 7,3',4'-trihydroxy fl avone. Evaluation of COX-1 inhibitory activity of 3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone and 7,3',4'-trihydroxy fl avone provided the IC(50) values of 28.4 and 36.7 micro M respectively. Further investigation of these compounds for COX-2 inhibitory activity revealed moderate potency towards this enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Madhucosides A and B, protobassic acid glycosides from Madhuca indica with inhibitory activity on free radical release from phagocytes.

The structures of madhucosides A (1) and B (2), isolated from the bark of Madhuca indica, were established as 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1--> 3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]protobassic acid and 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]protobassic acid, respectively. These two compounds showed significant inhibitory effects on both superoxide release from polymorphonuclear cells in a NBT reduction assay and hypochlorous acid generation from neutrophils assessed in a luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay.

Glycosides↗
PubMed2004

Luteinizing hormone estimation.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is an important hormone of the reproductive system, which has found application in diagnosis and therapeutic medicine. It plays a vital role in the development and functioning of the reproductive system. Determination of LH concentration is important for detection of dysfunction of the pituitary-ovarian axis, diagnosis of reproductive disorders, monitoring of antifertility programmes and in therapeutic preparations. On the basis of heterogeneity and various biological effects served by the hormone, different assay systems have been developed for its estimation. Initially, LH was quantified on the basis of in vivo and in vitro endocrine activity. However, with the advancement in biotechnology, various immunoassays have been designed for performing most of the physiological and clinical studies on serum LH. The immunoassays offer improvement in sensitivity, precision and convenience over bioassays. However, these immunoassays have their own limitations and results obtained in different laboratories are often not comparable. This review makes an attempt to enumerate and compare various assay methods used in the serum LH measurement in varied clinical conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Antioxidant properties of Indian medicinal plants.

The antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of 12 Indian medicinal plants, traditionally used in disease areas that probably involve free radical mechanisms, were evaluated by two methods, namely the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) test and the lipid peroxidation assay. In the latter assay, seven of these extracts showed 90% or more activity compared with the standard, vitamin E and hence were studied in detail after the removal of interfering pigments. The selective pigment removal from the extracts led to an increase in free radical scavenging activity and a decrease in inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Adaptogenic activity of a novel, withanolide-free aqueous fraction from the roots of Withania somnifera Dun.

The practitioners of the traditional Indian system of medicine regard Withania somnifera Dun. as the 'Indian ginseng'. A new withanolide-free aqueous fraction was isolated from the roots of this plant and was evaluated for putative antistress activity against a battery of tests such as hypoxia time, antifatigue effect, swimming performance time, swimming induced gastric ulceration and hypothermia, immobilization induced gastric ulceration, autoanalgesia and biochemical changes in the adrenal glands. This bioactive fraction exhibited significant antistress activity in a dose-related manner in all the parameters studied. The extract of Withania somnifera root (a commercial preparation available locally) was used to compare the results. A preliminary acute toxicity study in mice showed a good margin of safety.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Dammarane triterpene saponin from Bacopa monniera as the superoxide inhibitor in polymorphonuclear cells.

The hydroalcoholic extract of the whole plant of Bacopa monniera Wettst. (Scrophulariaceae), exhibited an inhibitory effect on superoxide released from polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells in the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay. The major saponin bacoside A(3) was found to be responsible for this effect in the herb. This compound showed 85, 91.66, 91.66, and 83 % inhibitions of NBT reduction at the concentrations of 200, 100, 50, and 25 microg/ml, respectively, with an IC(50) value of 10.22 microg/ml. These inhibitory effects were compared with those of the standard positive controls, quercetin and ascorbic acid with IC(50) of 111 and 14.16 microg/ml, respectively. Another major saponin bacopasaponin C was found to be much less potent as compared to bacoside A(3) whereas the remaining two mixtures of saponins were found to be inactive.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Adrenocorticosterone alterations in male, albino mice treated with Trichopus zeylanicus, Withania somnifera and Panax ginseng preparations.

The levels of corticosterone were estimated by the HPLC method in the adrenal glands of stressed (5 h constant swimming) male albino mice treated with Trichopus zeylanicus, Withania somnifera and Panax ginseng preparations and compared with non-treated stressed and normal controls. The treatments increased the corticosterone levels in all the groups. The physical endurance (increased survival time) of swimming mice also increased in all the treated groups, except in the group treated with Withania somnifera powder (500 mg/kg, p.o.).

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1992

Biological action of lantadene C, a new hepatotoxicant from Lantana camara var. aculeata.

Lantadene C (22 beta-2-methylbutanoyloxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid) isolated from the leaves of the hepatotoxic plant Lantana camara var. aculeata (Red) has been found to be identical with dihydrolantadene A reported earlier. Molecular structure of lantadene C has been deduced from single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It resembles lantadene A in the pentacyclic portion of the molecule but differs in the side chain region. Atom C-34 is cis to C-35 in lantadene C but is trans in lantadene A. Semisynthetic lantadene C was prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of lantadene A. Lantadene C was obtained in two forms, I and II. Form I was crystalline while form II was amorphous. Unlike lantadene A, both form I and II of lantadene C elicited strong hepatotoxic response in guinea pigs associated with decrease in fecal output, feed intake, hepatomegaly, hepatic injury at the cellular and subcellular level, increase in plasma bilirubin, and acid phosphatase activity. All the clinical signs, hepatic lesions, and changes in blood plasma typified lantana toxicity. This is the first report on the hepatoxicity of lantadene C. The interrelation of molecular structure and biological activity of lantadene A and C has been discussed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of marker constituents from Cissus quadrangularis Linn. and their quantitation by HPTLC and HPLC.

Four marker constituents, namely, onocer-7-ene-3 alpha, 21 beta-diol, delta-amyrin, delta-amyrone and 3,3',4,4'-tetrahydroxybiphenyl of an Ayurvedic crude drug Cissus quadrangularis Linn. are defined for standardisation purposes. 3,3',4,4'-Tetrahydroxybiphenyl has been isolated for the first time from this drug. The contents of the marker constituents were quantitatively determined by HPTLC and HPLC methods in samples collected from five different geographic zones of India.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new furanoditerpenoid marker for the distinction between the seeds of two species of Caesalpinia.

A new cassane furanoditerpene, 17-methylvouacapane-8(14),-9(11)-diene (1), has been isolated from the seed kernels of Caesalpinia crista and its structure determined by mass, IR and NMR spectrometry. The 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra were assigned using a combination of 1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC two-dimensional NMR experiments. An HPTLC method has been developed to quantify 1 in seed material. The furanoditerpene can serve as a marker chemically to differentiate C. crista from the synonymous C. bonduc.

Biomarkers↗