Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Jones.
An adult membrane oxygenator of new design has been described which possesses excellent operating characteristics. The preliminary safety and efficacy of the device was demonstrated by in vitro performance testing and by the minimal blood trauma and absence of significant time dependent change during 6 hr ex vivo perfusions. These encouraging results are the basis for proceeding with clinical studies.
The cause of cranial arteritis is unknown, but the demonstration of immunoglobulin and complement in temporal artery biopsies by immunofluorescence suggest that it may be a disease of disordered immunity. Because of the inevitable problems of histologic interpretation associated with the fluorescent technique, 15 temporal artery biopsies from patients with active arteritis were examined by an immunoperoxidase method. Varying amounts of IgA, IgG, and IgM were identified in plasma cells and macrophages. Extracellular IgG was identified in 1 case, but there was no staining for complement. These findings provide no support for the concept of cranial arteritis as a form of immune complex vasculitis.
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Sarcoidosis is characterised by changes in the lymphocyte subpopulations of the peripheral venous blood in the majority of patients. Thymus derived lymphocytes (T cells) are low whilst Bursa derived lymphocytes (B cells) are usually normal in number. The T cell lymphopaenia is best regarded as a "switching off" of available receptors as in vitro treatment with Levamisole restores this population to normal control values. A functional subset of T cells, T suppressor cells (T gamma) are activated, in sarcoidosis, in peripheral venous blood. Sarcoid sera is characterised by two inhibiting fractions; one, of low molecular weight (60 000 daltons) inhibits E rosette formation by normal T lymphocytes and may be a product of T suppressor cells or epithelioid/macrophage cells: the other is an immune complex which is capable of activating normal T suppressor cells and the serum immune complex concentration is positively correlated with suppressor cell activation in sarcoidosis.
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Digital image processing has been used for over a decade to provide startling improvements in the quality of photographs from deep space, satellites and low light level photography. In the last decade considerable work has gone on in major microscope labs in applying these techniques to electron micrographs. Within the last few years a number of factors have come together which allow large scale image processing techniques to be applied at reasonable costs in microscope labs everywhere. The system described here provides hardware for digitization and storage of multiple images simultaneously and multimode scan generation. System software provides easy scan control, image digitization, automatic prescale adjust on acquisition, grey scale histogram generation, grey scale manipulation, image filtering, smoothing, and random color assignment to grey levels.
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After nearly two decades of genesis, human sexuality has become a regular part of the curricula for most medical schools. Evaluation of sex education is less common and often hampered by the absence of appropriate control groups and misinterpretation of statistical analysis. To evaluate a new sex education course at Louisiana State University Medical Center, we compared pre- and postcourse sex knowledge and attitude SKAT scores of 136 sophomore medical students with those of 43 seniors who received no formal sex education. Consistent with prior studies, sophomore pre-post course score changes indicated statistically significant increases in sex knowledge, recognition of sexual myths, and more liberal attitudes toward masturbation, abortion and heterosexuality. The magnitude of postcourse changes, however, was small. Postcourse sophomores and seniors displayed almost no differences in sex knowledge or attitudes. Criteria for sex education evaluation, and whether the formal course in human sexuality actually and effectively enables a student ultimately to better fulfill his/her function as a physician are discussed.
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The influence of epidermal growth factor on DNA and protein synthesis by human gingival fibroblasts was studied. Synchronized cells treated with epidermal growth factor synthesized considerably greater amounts of DNA relative to 10% fetal calf serum and the peak of synthesis ocurred 6 h later than with serum. Epidermal growth factor caused a dose-dependent stimulation of protein synthesis (proline incorporation). Collagen synthesis remained unaffected and, as a result, the proportion of collagen synthesized decreased with increasing epidermal growth factor concentration. Aspirin and indomethacin did not abrogate these effects, indicating that prostaglandins may not be involved.
"This paper addresses itself to one of the problems inherent in any spatial analysis of census data, namely the variable size of the enumeration units. This variation renders some proportions unstable, due to the small numbers involved. Attempts to overcome this, using visual methods, can be unsatisfactory, whilst doing nothing to aid statistical analysis. Chi-square maps are suggested as a satisfactory alternative in both contexts, and data for Reading, Berkshire are displayed to illustrate this. These maps suggest that some inferences, based upon indicators derived from proportions, may be unsound."
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