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Biomedical subjects

K Jessen

Publications and source records attributed to K Jessen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Multiparametric tumor marker (CA 19-9, CEA, AFP, POA) analyses of pancreatic juices and sera in pancreatic diseases.

With respect to their diagnostic utility CA 19-9, CEA, AFP and POA were determined in pancreatic secretions and serum of patients suffering from pancreatic cancer (n = 76/55) or chronic pancreatitis (n = 79/45) and of controls (n = 81/42), respectively. While the determination of AFP and POA both in pancreatic secretions and serum does not permit a differential diagnosis, serum CEA (greater than 10 ng/ml) and CA 19-9 (greater than 50 U/ml) levels were indicative of pancreatic cancer in 30% and 83%, respectively, with a rate of false positive results of 5% and 8.5% confined to the chronic pancreatitis patients. A combination of tumor marker analyses, that is, serum CA 19-9 (greater than 50 U/ml) and pancreatic secretion CEA (greater than 70 ng/ml), proved to be positive in 92.9% of tumor patients with a maximum of 10.5% false positives. Likewise, values of serum CA 19-9 (greater than 50 U/ml) and serum CEA (greater than 10 ng/ml) were found in 85.8% of the pancreatic cancer patients with only 8.8% false positives, which were confined to the chronic pancreatitis patients. These results indicate the superiority of multiparametric tumor marker analyses for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, especially when including new monoclonal antibody defined tumor markers.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1983

[Current status of the standardization of air impulse tonometers and their evaluation--as an example: the Non-Contact Tonometer II].

The standard values and tolerances used in the assessment of the clinical efficiency of different types of tonometers are once again demonstrated. Investigations carried out in accordance with the existing test plan for comparative clinical measurements using two non-contact tonometers II (NCT II) and a calibrated applanation tonometer as a reference instrument in 155 patient eyes showed that both the regression equation and the scattering of the individual values around the regression curve satisfy the conditions of clinical assessment criteria. Of the individual values, 2.6% are outside the 95% limits. Following a brief illustration of the measuring principle of the NCT II, a test procedure is described for this type of tonometer. It consists of a torsion balance mounted on a cross-sliding carriage with a small mirror 2.5 mm in diameter and a control balance. A lens equipped with a centering cross is used for adjustment to the nominal distances of 11 mm between the nozzle and the cornea. This test procedure makes it possible to determine whether the digital display of any particular NTC II deviates from the nominal value by not more than +/- 1 digit in the range between "12" and "30" and by not more than +/- 2 digits between "31" and "50".

Calibration↗
PubMed1983

Catecholamine response to the clinical use of alpha adrenergic receptor blocking agents.

Treatment with alpha adrenergic receptor blocking agents has been used clinically for many years to obviate peripheral vasoconstriction in patients suffering from circulatory or thermoregulatory distress. Various reports indicating that administration of these agents may be followed by an increased plasma concentration of catecholamines, and subsequently an increased oxygen demand, led to 29 investigations on humans who were placed in a horizontal position in a thermoneutral environment and given 25 mg chlorpromazine intravenously, dissolved in 500 cc low molecular weight dextran. Blood pressure and heart rate remained unchanged during the infusions and significant changes in plasma noradrenaline (average fall: 4.42 nmol X 1(-1), range: -31.9- + 5.1) and in plasma adrenaline (average fall: 1.06 nmol X 1(-1), range: -16.3- + 5.11) were observed (P less than 0.01). The results indicate that as long as any baro-reflex activation of the sympathetic nervous system and acceleration of the nonshivering thermogenesis is avoided, the recommended treatment with alpha adrenergic receptor blocking agents can be performed without any increase in plasma concentration of catecholamines.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1983

[Bipolar electrocoagulation in active upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Results of a prospective, non-controlled, multicenter study].

This is a report on a prospective, non-controlled, and multicenter trial using a new bipolar electrocoagulation unit (BICAP system) in patients with active upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. From November 1980 to June 1982 55 patients have been treated. In 87% the bleeding could be stopped by electrocoagulation. In 27% rebleeding occurred. The mortality of upper GI bleeding in this series was 10.9%.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Combined irrigation and endoscopy in the treatment of biliary duct stones (author's transl)].

In ten patients with biliary duct stones reoperation was not indicated and endoscopical stone extraction after papillotomy had failed due to the size of the concrements. As in some patients cholecystectomy had been performed several years ago and in others had not been done yet, treatment was commenced via an endoscopically inserted nasobiliary tube using media dissolving cholesterol and calcium bilirubinate stones. Results of treatment were satisfactory and side effects were tolerable. Results were compared with those after treatment with glycero-1-monooctanoate (Capmul 8210). In four patients distribution in the intra and extrahepatic biliary duct system was investigated by admixture of radiographically opaque media with both irrigation fluids. It was shown that both the oily and watery phase of the irrigation media were distributed homogeneously in the duct system and that the stone surface was covered adequately.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Notes on clinical criteria for the evaluation of tonometers (author's transl)].

The limits of error existing hitherto in verifying the measuring force of applanation tonometers are to be extended in the IOP range above 4.0 kPa (10 mmHg). Relevant ISO proposals submitted by Japan and the Federal Republic of Germany are under discussion. The increase in the amplitudes of pulsations in the eye with increasing intraocular pressure i.e., about 10% per 1.33 kPa (10 mmHg), necessitates a restatement of the limits of error for deviations of individual values around the regression line in clinical control measurements with tonometers whose measuring process terminates in split seconds. Equations for parabolic limits of error are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Tonometer calibration (author's transl)].

After a survey of international developments in the standardization of tonometers since the introduction of the Schiötz tonometer in 1905, the bases for the calibration of tonometers are explained. Reference is made in particular to the criteria for comparative clinical measurements of tonometers in official acceptance tests. A description is given of all tonometers which have been approved for calibration in the Federal Republic of Germany so far, and of the test instruments used for calibration by the responsible authorities. Two pneumatic test instruments are also described, and the results of clinical examinations with them are mentioned. In conclusion, the prospects for international efforts to harmonize the standardization of tonometers are described.

Calibration↗
PubMed1981

Human body temperature and controlled cold exposure during moderate and severe experimental alcohol-intoxication.

In an attempt to obtain more conclusive data, especially concerning the condition in many cases of very high alcohol concentration, two groups of healthy volunteers were exposed to controlled cold surroundings in a climate chamber after i.v. infusion of 96% ethyl alcohol, 1-2 1/2 ml per kg bodyweight, supplemented with alcohol perorally; the maximum blood alcohol concentration measured was 57 mmol/l, corresponding to 2.62%. One group was not habituated to drinking; the other group was habituated to heavy drinking, but functioned well socially. During the stay in a neutral environment, the alcohol infusion caused a rapid elevation of skin temperature with a short, but significant delay in temperature elevation in the alcohol-habituated group. After controlled exposure to cold, a rapid fall in surface temperature back to pre-alcoholic infusion values was seen in both groups. During cold exposure, core temperature remained unchanged in both groups. No changes in plasma catecholamines were found. A 12-18% increase in metabolic rate was seen in both groups during cold exposure, probably as an expression of the specific dynamic effect of alcohol. That the observed vasoconstriction was sufficient to prevent an undue fall in core temperature is further supported by the fact that neither shivering, nor non-shivering thermogenesis was activated, as no visible shivering occurred and no rise in plasma catecholamines was seen.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed1981

Pancreatic oncofetal antigen in pancreatic juices. Partial chemical characterization and diagnostic application of a pancreatic cancer-associated antigen.

Antisera were raised in rabbits to an antigenic structure present in fetal pancreas tissue, pancreatic tumor tissue, and pancreatic juices and in sera obtained from pancreatic cancer patients. The first chemical data indicate that this pancreatic oncofetal antigen is distinct from CEA, NCA, and NCA2 and is not glycolipid in nature. Immunoelectrophoretic analyses demonstrate that pancreatic oncofetal antigen is a protein or a glycoprotein, which displays microheterogeneity. The apparent molecular weight of the basic unit of pancreatic oncofetal antigen is estimated to about 40 K. So far 234 pancreatic juices have been investigated for pancreatic oncofetal antigen. Pancreatic oncofetal antigen was detected within the pancreatic juices from 59 of 74 (80%) pancreatic carcinoma patients but could be traced in only 16%-26% of samples obtained from patients with other diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Diagnosis of pancreatic cancer by pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa) in pure pancreatic juice.

Pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) was detected in the pure pancreatic juice by double immunodiffusion assay in a series of patients, using anti-POA prepared by immunizing rabbits with human fetal pancreas homogenate. The test was positive in as many as 72% of the patients with pancreatic cancer studied, whereas only less than 10% of patients with other diseases or normal controls were positive for this antigen, thus suggesting a potential usefulness of the pure pancreatic juice assay for POA in the diagnosis of cancer of the pancreas. The POA has proven to be distinct from such oncofetal antigens as AFP and CEA, to be labile to heating at 85 degrees C, to show beta-mobility on immunoelectrophoresis and to have a molecular weight of approximately 37,000 as estimated by gel filtration chromatography.

Adult↗