Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K J Sher

Publications and source records attributed to K J Sher.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Subjective effects of alcohol: the influence of setting and individual differences in alcohol expectancies.

Contemporary theorists view many alcohol effects as complex functions of a number of interacting variables ranging from pharmacological factors (e.g., limb of the blood alcohol curve), environmental factors (e.g., setting) and dispositional factors (e.g., individually held expectations concerning the effects of alcohol). To examine this general model, the joint effects on subjective state of beverage (alcohol vs placebo), of setting (alone vs group) and of individual differences in alcohol expectancies were examined in a sample of 98 men social drinkers. Assessment of subjective state included measures of both mood and perceived physical sensations. The results demonstrated the complex determinants of subjective effects of alcohol and illustrated the difficulty of making strong generalizations concerning the subjective effects of alcohol. Alcohol consumption, alcohol expectancies and setting appear to have both independent and interacting effects on subjective state. These effects appear to vary in importance across the types of effects considered and the time since drinking.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale: severity of alcohol abuse and parental alcoholism.

The MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale (MAC), an empirically derived MMPI scale, appears to measure a relatively stable trait common to many alcoholics. The present study examined the relationship between the MAC and two potentially important sources of variation within an alcoholic population, severity of alcohol abuse and history of parental alcoholism. Study participants included 105 consecutive admissions to an alcoholism day treatment program. For both male and female patients, scores on the MAC were found to correlate with the severity of alcohol abuse and factor analytically derived subscales of the MAC were found to differentiate alcoholics with and without a history of parental alcoholism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comorbidity of alcohol and anxiety disorders among college students: effects of gender and family history of alcoholism.

We evaluated the effects of gender and family history for alcoholism on the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and alcohol disorders ("comorbidity") in a large university student sample (N = 489). A structured diagnostic interview was used to elicit life-time histories of anxiety disorder (29%) and alcohol disorder (26%). The proportion of subjects receiving an alcohol diagnosis was significantly greater among those with an anxiety diagnosis (39% vs. 21%). Male subjects, as well as those with a parental history of alcoholism, had a significantly greater base-rate of alcohol disorder than did other subjects. However, these factors did not affect the relative increase in risk for an alcohol disorder associated with the presence of an anxiety disorder; that is, these factors did not interact with (i.e., moderate) comorbidity risk. In discussing these results, we emphasize issues relevant to identifying and distinguishing between interaction effects and base-rate effects in comorbidity studies.

Adolescent↗