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Biomedical subjects

K J Ho

Publications and source records attributed to K J Ho.

175 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual computed tomographic manifestations of benign metastasizing leiomyomas as cavitary nodular lesions or interstitial lung disease.

The unusual computed tomographic manifestations of benign metastasizing leiomyomas diagnosed in two patients 3 1/2 and 6 years after hysterectomy for uterine fibroids are described. One showed multiple pulmonary nodules with a round or irregular air-filled cavity representing obstructive emphysema. The other showed interstitial lung disease with tumor cells spreading along alveolar septa, the vascular wall, and the bronchial tree. We consider such metastasizing tumors as low-grade leiomyosarcomas.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wegener's granulomatosis upper respiratory tract and pulmonary radiographic manifestations in 30 cases with pathogenetic consideration.

Although the radiographic manifestations and pathologic features of Wegener's granulomatosis have been well described, their relationship to two variants of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (c- and p-ANCA) remains unclear. The purposes of this study are to analyze the radiographic and pathologic findings in 30 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and to correlate c- and p-ANCA with such findings. Major histologic findings included parenchymal necrosis, necrotizing vasculitis, and granulomatous inflammations. Nodular lesions were more often associated with arteritis whereas patchy fluffy lesions associated with hemorrhagic capillaritis. ANCAs, particularly c-ANCA, instead of p-ANCA, were present in a high percentage of patients tested. These findings suggest that c-ANCA could play an important pathogenetic role in Wegener's granulomatosis which showed dual pathologic processes: vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation manifested radiographically as either nodular or pneumonia-like lesions, whereas p-ANCA was more often associated with patchy fluffy lung lesions as the consequence of hemorrhagic capillaritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical significance of azygos vein enlargement: radiographic recognition and etiologic analysis.

Azygos vein enlargement can be detected in congestive heart failure, portal hypertension, inferior vena cava thrombosis, right atrial mural thrombosis, a pulmonary embolism, congenital azygos continuation to the inferior vena cava, and the arteriovenous fistula. Radiography, particularly computed tomography (CT), is very useful, not only in recognition of azygos vein enlargement, but also in evaluation of its etiology for the institution of the appropriate treatment of the diseases.

Azygos Vein↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pitfalls in CT evaluation of chest wall invasion by lung cancer.

Computed tomography in a patient with a peripheral lung cancer in the right upper lobe revealed obliteration of the extrapleural fat and direct connection of the tumor with an intercostal soft tissue mass of similar density. The findings were suggestive of chest wall invasion by the cancer which was, however, proven to be false after en bloc resection of the tumor and the contiguous chest wall. Such a diagnostic pitfall could be avoided if special attention were paid to the asymmetry of the CT image at the level of upper thoracic outlet due to improper positioning of the patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT evaluation of distended pericardial recess presenting as a mediastinal mass.

A patient with a remarkably distended pericardial recess due to massive pericardial effusion mimicking a mediastinal mass is reported. The nature of the "mass lesion" was clearly demonstrated by CT and the lesion disappeared after removal of the pericardial effusions. The importance and usefulness of CT in evaluation of pericardial recesses is stressed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Current clinical practice of induction and maintenance immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Current systemic treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma revolves around the use of interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha, often in combination with 5-fluorouracil. This article looks at the currently reported response rates for these modalities. It also looks at current practice as regards maintenance treatment, i.e. the continued therapeutic regimen following the initial response to the induction immunotherapy cycles.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psoas haematoma and femoral neuropathy associated with enoxaparin therapy.

Haemorrhage into the iliopsoas muscle causing femoral neuropathy is an infrequent complication of haemophilia or anticoagulant therapy. The association of an iliopsoas haematoma with enoxaparin therapy is very rare. We describe a case of femoral neuropathy secondary to psoas haematoma in a patient who was on enoxaparin therapy for suspected non-Q wave myocardial infarction. There is no clear consensus for the treatment of these haematomas, with both surgical and conservative options advocated. In this case, our patient recovered fully following conservative management.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Small aorta: CT detection and clinical significance.

Small aortas were documented by CT in six patients, 16-34 years old. The diameter of these aortas measured at the level of 1 cm below the orifice of the superior mesenteric artery ranged from 10 to 12 mm, much smaller than the mean of 17 mm obtained from 20 subjects, 16-20 years old. Such small aortas are usually produced by vasoconstriction as a compensatory response to hypovolemic shock.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mediastinal cystic hygromas: CT characteristics and pathogenetic consideration.

Two cases of asymptomatic primary mediastinal cystic hygroma in adults are reported. The CT findings, including: paratracheal and paravertebral location; round, smooth, and sharp outline; homogeneous density with low attenuation number; compression of surrounding tissue without gross invasion; and lack of calcification, together with the superior mediastinal location are sufficiently characteristic to suggest the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circadian rhythmic hepatic biliary flow, constituents, concentrations and excretory rates in patients after cholecystectomy.

Twelve adult patients with indwelling common bile duct T-tube were selected for the study of circadian fluctuation of biliary excretion. From the 10th postoperative day on when the enterohepatic circulation was well reestablished a 5 ml bile sample was collected at the end of each 4-h interval for 3 to 4 days for determination of the concentrations of various biliary constituents. This was followed by measurement of bile flow rate by collecting the bile continuously through the T-tube at 4-h intervals for another 3 to 4 days. One quarter of the twelve patients showed no persistent daily fluctuation of all the variables studied. A circadian rhythm was demonstrated by single cosinor rhythmometry in the biliary concentrations of bile acid, cholesterol, phospholipid, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase in the remaining nine patients. Among them six also showed a circadian fluctuation of hepatic bile flow. The lack of synchronization of the rhythm of the concentrations of various biliary constituents with the bile flow rate resulted in undetectability of a circadian rhythm for their excretory rate in the great majority of patients. Those few patients in whom a rhythm remained to be detectable had a much reduced amplitude but the same acrophase. We concluded that bile flow rate played a major role in the circadian rhythm of biliary excretion and might coordinate the fluctuation of the concentrations of various biliary constituents. However, a true circadian rhythm for their concentrations also existed at least in certain subjects.

Adolescent↗