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K J Cho

Publications and source records attributed to K J Cho.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Clinicopathological analysis of 501 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in Korea according to the revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

AIMS: The clinical relevance of the Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms (REAL) is still debated. To test the clinical validity of the REAL classification in Korea, where the incidence of T-cell lymphoma is higher, we investigated the clinicopathological features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) from Korea Cancer Center Hospital. METHODS AND RESULTS: Five hundred and one patients with NHL were reclassified according to the REAL classification and clinicopathologically analysed. Immunophenotypically, B-cell lymphoma accounted for 67.9% and T- and NK-cell type for 30.5%. Approximately 48.5% of cases were forms of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), while only 5.4% were follicular lymphoma. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTCL-U; 10.8%) and angiocentric lymphomas (11.8%) comprised the majority of T-cell lymphomas. Most of the angiocentric lymphomas presented with localized nasal/nasopharyngeal or tonsillar primaries. All peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) showed a significantly low overall survival compared to DLBCL (P = 0.02, log rank). Overall survival rates for DLBCL and PTCL-U were also significantly different (P = 0.0043, log rank), though for DLBCL and angiocentric lymphoma there was no significant difference (P = 0.2142, log rank). Angiocentric lymphoma, however, was characterized by a shorter median survival time than DLBCL (54 months vs. 96 months). Among DLBCL patients according to the REAL classification, overall survival was significantly better in nonimmunoblastic type (intermediate-grade, WF-F,G) as compared to large cell immunoblastic type (high-grade, WF-H) (log rank, P < 0.001). The morphological distinction of the immunoblastic and nonimmunoblastic among DLBCL of the REAL classification bears significant prognostic relevance worthy of further consideration. CONCLUSION: We conclude that lineage assignment (T vs. B) in the REAL classification is a clinically important distinction, but that it is necessary to subdivide the broad category of DLBCL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Solid mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver in adult.

This paper presents an unusual solid mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver (MHL) in adult. A well defined solid mass in the left lobe of the liver was found in a 57-year-old female. Preoperative radiologic examinations demonstrated solid mass with multifocal calcifications abutting the gallbladder. By light microscopy, the lesion was composed of dense fibrous stroma with hyalinization, bile ducts and thick-walled vessels without hepatocytes. The solid and hyalinized mesenchymal component would suggest an unusual degenerative change representing a burnt-out MHL.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Traumatic hemipelvectomy before body image has developed.

Traumatic hemipelvectomy is rarely observed because very few patients have survived from the initial trauma. We describe one male child who survived from this massive trauma with a good functional outcome. The boy was 28 months old when he was accidentally struck by a truck. He had severe open trauma of the pelvis and hemorrhage of the left lower limb. Amputation of the left hemipelvis, colostomy, cystostomy and removal of the left avulsed testicle were performed. Once healing had been achieved, he was transferred to our Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and rehabilitative management was begun, including prosthetic measurement and psychologic intervention for the patient and his parents. For 13 years of long-term follow-up, his prosthesis was readjusted annually. Now he is a 16-year-old middle school student. He is functioning remarkably well with a prosthesis. The psychologic report shows that he is emotionally stable and has good scholastic performance. Although hemipelvectomy appears to be a radical procedure in children, the potential for rehabilitation in a group of children before body image has developed appears to be unexpectedly good.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Thymic epithelial tumor progression in an SV40T transgenic mouse model. Cortical thymoma-thymic carcinoma sequence.

There have been several reports that thymoma in human is a progressive disease, and that thymoma and thymic carcinoma form a continuum. We established a stable line of SV40T transgenic mice, which consistently produced thymic epithelial tumours progressing to thymic carcinoma within a predictable time span. Using this animal model and a morphological approach, thymic epithelial tumour progression was studied with reference to sequential changes at different time points in animals aged from 3 to 32 weeks. At all ages, SV40T was expressed in the nuclei of thymic epithelial cells; in these transgenic mice we observed the entire spectrum from cortical type thymoma to thymic carcinoma. Thymic size tended to increase with ageing in SV40T TG mice. While younger mice had predominantly cortical (organoid) or cortical thymoma, older mice had well-differentiated thymic carcinoma (WDTC) or poorly differentiated thymic carcinoma. When SV40T TG mice (248 line) reached a certain age, carcinoma of the thymus was present in all of them. Cortical-type thymoma became malignant within a predictable time span, suggesting a cortical thymoma-carcinoma sequence. When the mice were 9 weeks of age, the thymuses formed gross masses compatible with cortical thymoma. At 14 weeks of age, WDTC appeared against the background of cortical thymoma. Poorly differentiated thymic carcinoma was found after 15 weeks and affected all animals over 23 weeks of age. Most thymic carcinomas coexisted in varying proportions with cortical-type thymoma. Medullary thymomas did not develop in the mice, and no transition from medullary-type thymomas to thymic carcinomas was observed. In this SV40T transgenic mouse model, thymic carcinoma is clearly preceded by cortical-type thymoma. These transgenic mice may provide an interesting model for the progression from cortical thymoma to WDTC and/or high-grade carcinoma.

Aging↗
PubMed1998

Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance venography of the portal venous system prior to transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and liver transplantation. Original investigation.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The accuracy of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (GdMRV) in identifying visceral venous abnormalities was assessed in patients before they underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with portal hypertension underwent GdMRV and transcatheter venography prior to OLT or TIPS. The gadolinium dose was 0.5 mL/kg (0.25 mmol/kg), administered by rapid hand injection. Coronal 3D spoiled gradient-echo GdMRV was performed in a single breath-hold. Four blinded reviewers retrospectively evaluated coronal maximum intensity projection (MIP) images, while two reviewers evaluated the MIPs and multiplanar reconstructions. Abnormalities that could affect transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt or transplantation were noted and compared with the results of corresponding catheter venograms read by a separate blinded reviewer. RESULTS: Abnormalities were identified by GdMRV with a sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 97% for the right hepatic vein, 86% and 100% for the main portal vein (MPV), 42% and 99% for the right portal vein, 54% and 94% for the left portal vein, 61% and 96% for the superior mesenteric vein, and 74% and 91% for the splenic vein. Varices and shunts were correctly identified with a sensitivity of 96%. Multiplanar reconstruction increased MPV sensitivity to 100%. CONCLUSION: Vascular abnormalities that affect TIPS and OLT can be identified by GdMRV. Multiplanar reconstruction increased the accuracy to 100% for the MPV.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1998

Vascular complications of liver transplantation: evaluation with gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography.

PURPOSE: To evaluate use of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography in detection of vascular complications of liver transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen liver transplant recipients suspected to have vascular complications were evaluated with gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography by using a three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo breath-hold technique during the arterial and venous phases of a high-dose (42 mL) bolus injection of gadolinium contrast material. Conventional angiography (n = 11) and surgery (n = 3) were used as the standard of reference. The transplant hepatic artery, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein, hepatic veins, and inferior vena cava (IVC) were evaluated for thrombosis or stenosis by two radiologists. RESULTS: Ten vascular complications were identified with conventional angiography or surgery: transplant hepatic artery thrombosis (n = 3) or stenosis (n = 3), portal vein stenosis (n = 1) or occlusion (n = 2), and suprahepatic IVC stenosis (n = 1). All 10 complications were correctly diagnosed with MR angiography. There was agreement between results of MR angiography and conventional angiography or surgery in 58 of 62 vessels evaluated (94%). There was minor disagreement in four vessels (6%). CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography may have the potential to enable accurate diagnosis of vascular complications of liver transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Assessment of apparent vena caval penetration by the Greenfield filter.

PURPOSE: To examine and elucidate the mechanisms for apparent "penetration" by Greenfield vena caval filters. METHODS: Two filters were placed in the inferior venae cavae (IVC) of four immature sheep and followed with cavography for 1 year. Two animals underwent computed tomography (CT) and laparoscopic examination. At necropsy, the vena cava and adjacent structures of all four animals were examined grossly and histologically. RESULTS: Based upon cavography and CT imaging, all filters appeared to penetrate the vena cava at 12 months. However, at laparoscopy, no hooks or limbs were exposed, and the pericaval tissues remained intact; each hook or limb was within the adventitia or encapsulated in scar tissue. Histology of the tissue at the hook sites revealed remodeling of the intimal surface of the IVC and thinning of the adventitia. CONCLUSIONS: Based upon these data, we hypothesize that the vena cava gradually adapts by medial and adventitial thinning and myointimal remodeling to the radial force exerted by a filter. This process allows increase in the filter base diameter while maintaining the integrity of the cava and protecting adjacent structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Nuclear overexpression of bcl-2 oncoprotein during the progression of human stomach cancer.

We unexpectedly observed strong nuclear overexpression of bcl-2 protein in advanced stomach cancer. As far as we know, such expression has not yet been reported. To investigate the significance of nuclear expression of bcl-2 protein in gastric carcinoma, we immunohistochemically analyzed bcl-2 overexpression in a gastric carcinogenic sequence, including 19 tubular adenomas (TA), 20 early carcinomas (EGC), and 20 advanced carcinomas (AGC). While TA displayed a specific granular and supranuclear cytoplasmic staining pattern, adenocarcinomas showed a strong nuclear staining pattern. Nuclear staining of bcl-2 was observed in 50% of AGC, 30% of EGC, and 10% of TA; cytoplasmic staining, on the other hand, was observed in all TA, 5% of EGC, and 10% of AGC. Nuclear bcl-2 overexpression differed according to the histologic type of AGC, occurring in 67% of the diffuse type and 25% of the moderately-to-well differentiated type. In the diffuse type, nuclear bcl-2 positive AGC predominated. In metastatic lesions, the pattern of bcl-2 immunostaining was almost identical to that seen in primary tumor. These results suggest that nuclear expression of bcl-2 may be related to malignant transformation in the stomach and is frequently associated with diffuse type advanced gastric adenocarcinomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

Clinicopathologic study of basaloid squamous carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract.

The clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of nine cases of basaloid squamous carcinoma (BSC) of the upper aerodigestive tract are reported, along with the results of an in situ hybridization for human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA. The cases were selected through a review of 237 head and neck carcinomas, and were located in the supraglottic larynx (5), hypopharynx (2), and the base of tongue (2). The patients were 7 males and 2 females with the mean age of 62. BSCs were histologically characterized by lobules and nests of basaloid cells with scanty cytoplasm, comedonecrosis and adenoid features, and by concomitant presence of squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemically, all BSCs showed positivity for high molecular weight cytokeratin (HMW CK) with heterogeneous or diffuse staining pattern, but lacked reactivity for neuroendocrine markers and bcl-2 oncoprotein. No HPV DNA was detected in BSCs. This study reaffirms that BSC is a rare carcinoma with a peculiar topographic distribution and distinct pathologic features.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Utilization characteristics of health care service for rheumatoid arthritis patients in Korea.

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors which were responsible for delaying early diagnosis and optimal management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Korea. We interviewed 109 outpatients diagnosed as RA being treated by rheumatologists, and we eventually analyzed 98 patients' data. The median length of time from symptom onset to the first visit to a medical doctor, to diagnosis, and visiting a rheumatologist were 8 weeks, 23 weeks, and 42 months respectively. The subspecialist with whom the patients consulted with for the longest time before visiting a rheumatologist were an orthopaedic surgeon for 51 patients, a Chinese herbal doctor for 19 patients, and a pharmacist for 16 patients. For early diagnosis and optimal management of RA in Korea, we believe that it is necessary to reduce the use of unconventional medical services such as Chinese herbal medicine and nonprescribed medication, and to emphasize rheumatologic and rehabilitative care in the early stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A novel 90-kDa stress protein induced in fish cells by fish rhabdovirus infection.

A 90 kDa cellular protein in a fish cell, CHSE-214, showed increased expression by the infection of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), heat shock, 2-mercaptoethanol, copper sulfate, and cadmium sulfate, and was detected in various kinds of cells such as human, rat, and mouse cells. The molecular mass of the 90 kDa protein was different from those of the hsp90 and grp94. In addition, all the anti-stress protein MAbs did not react with the 90 kDa protein. Finally, the subcellular distribution of the 90 kDa protein, determined by Western blots of subcellular fractions, was found to be mainly nuclear, both in normal and IHNV-infected CHSE-214 cells. The present results indicate that the 90 kDa protein is a kind of stress protein. However, based on its molecular mass, antigenic characteristics, and subcellular distribution, it is likely that this protein is a novel stress protein that has not been previously described in animal systems, especially in fish systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Adding posterior lumbar interbody fusion to pedicle screw fixation and posterolateral fusion after decompression in spondylolytic spondylolisthesis.

STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective study analyzing 76 patients treated by decompression, pedicle screw instrumentation, and fusion for spondylolytic spondyiolisthesis with symptomatic spinal stenosis. OBJECTIVES: To verify the advantages of adding posterior lumbar interbody fusion to the usual posterolateral fusion with pedicle screw instrumentation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Stabilization after decompression of spondylolytic spondylolisthesis is difficult because of a lack of fusional bone bases, gap between the transverse process bases, and incompetent anterior disc support. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion offers anterior support, reduction, and a broad fusion base. METHODS: Forty patients were treated with posterolateral fusion, and 36 were treated with additional posterior lumbar interbody fusion. They were compared for union, reduction of the deformity, and clinical results. RESULTS: The patients were followed up for more than 2 years. Nonunion was observed in three patients who underwent posterolateral fusion (7.5%), and no cases of nonunion was found in patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Reduction of slippage was 28.3% in those who underwent posterolateral fusion and 41.6% in those who had posterior lumbar interbody fusion (P = 0.05). In the posterolateral fusion group, eight patients (20%) had recurrence of deformity, with loss of reduction more than 50%. Hardware failures occurred in two patients who had posterolateral fusion. There was no major neurologic complications in both groups. Both groups had satisfactory results in more than 90% of patients, with marked improvement of claudication. However, subjective improvement of back pain by Kirkaldy-Willis criteria revealed differences in the excellent results. An excellent result was reported by 45% in the posterolateral fusion group and by 75% in posterior lumbar interbody fusion group. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of posterior lumbar interbody fusion to posterolateral fusion after a complete decompression and pedicle screw fixation is a recommended procedure for the treatment of spondylolytic spondylolishesis with spinal stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Unusual appearance of an intracranial metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma: comedo-necrosis showed very hyperdense nodules on CT scans.

A case of intracranial metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma with unusual hyperdense nodules in CT scans is described. A 32-year-old man had a brain tumor containing scattered and very hyperdense numerous nodules on CT scans. Initially, the hyperdense nodules were considered as intratumoral calcifications. The tumor subsequently proved to be metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma through surgery. However, there were no calcium deposits in the surgical specimen. We observed only multiple central comedo-necrosis that could be the cause of the hyperdense lesions on CT scans.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of renal transplants.

Our purpose was to investigate three-dimensional (3D) gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (Gd-MRA) in the evaluation of renal transplant arteries. Eleven MR angiography examinations were performed in nine renal transplant patients. Gd-MRA, three-dimensional phase contrast (3D-PC) post-gadolinium, and two-dimensional time-of-flight (2D-TOF) MR angiography were performed and independently reviewed by three vascular radiologists who, for each MR angiography sequence, separately graded occlusive disease in the ipsilateral iliac artery, the transplant artery anastomosis, and the transplant artery itself. The Gd-MRA and 3D-PC data were reviewed as maximum intensity projections (MIP) reconstructed in standard planes, and the 2D-TOF data were interpreted from source images. In addition, a single vascular radiologist prospectively interpreted the Gd-MRA and 3D-PC data together, hereinafter Gd/PC, from MIP reconstructions for each case. In all of these patients either surgical (n = 3) or angiographic studies (n = 8) were performed within 21 days following the MR examination, which served as a reference standard to determine sensitivity and specificity. The sensitivity/specificity for the detection of significant stenosis were as follows: Gd-MRA, 67/88; 3D-PC, 60.3/76.6; 2D-TOF, 47/81; and Gd/PC, 100/100. The kappa statistic (kappa) for interobserver agreement for the grading of stenoses by 2D-TOF, Gd-PC, and Gd-MRA was 0.48, 0.60, and 0.74, respectively. The percentage of all vascular segments seen well enough to grade (cumulative for all three observers) was 94%, 85%, and 79% for Gd-MRA, 3D-PC, and 2D-TOF, respectively. The combination of Gd-MRA and 3D-PC is a promising approach to the evaluation of transplant renal arteries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Limb asymmetry in titanium Greenfield filters: clinically significant?

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the outcomes for patients with titanium Greenfield vena caval filters (TGFs) and, in particular, to evaluate the effect of filter leg distribution on recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE) and caval occlusion. METHODS: Physical examination, abdominal plain films, and duplex ultrasound examinations of the inferior vena cava and lower extremities were obtained annually and recorded in a Filter Database. RESULTS: Seven hundred eighty-three TGFs have been placed since 1989. Follow-up was available for 373 patients, or 65% of the surviving patients, over 1 to 84 months (mean, 33 months). Asymmetry was identified in 42 placements (5%), and 35 of these patients had at least one follow-up examination. The overall incidence of recurrent PE was 3.2% (12 of 373), whereas the caval patency rate was 97.8% (265 of 271). These outcomes were not significantly different for patients who had asymmetric filters (p = 0.1 and 0.18, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Filter leg distribution does not appear to be associated with an increased incidence of recurrent PE or caval occlusion. These data support earlier in vitro findings. The long-term results with the TGF are comparable with the results of the original stainless steel Greenfield filter.

Female↗
PubMed1997

Pattern of dispersion from a pulse-spray catheter for delivery of thrombolytic agents: design, theory, and results.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to qualitatively compare the fluid dispersion characteristics of a commercially available side-slit pulse-spray (PS) catheter with those of a conventional side-hole catheter. METHODS: The dispersion pattern from a 5-F catheter for PS thrombolysis was evaluated in gelatin models and in human thrombi in vivo and was compared with that from a 5-F side-hole catheter. For in vitro experiments, catheters were placed in gel and pulsed with 0.2 mL of dyed water by hand or continuously infused at a rate of 30 or 60 mL/h with an infusion pump. For clinical studies, a single 0.2-mL pulse of contrast medium was injected before lysis and examined with digital subtraction angiography. RESULTS: Fluid was distributed evenly from the PS catheter in both gel and thrombi, despite placement of some slits in media with variable viscosity. The side-hole catheter produced a heterogeneous dispersal pattern, and most fluid exited through side holes in areas where outside resistance was lowest. CONCLUSION: The PS catheter provides more even fluid distribution than the side-hole catheter.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1997

Epstein-Barr virus-associated primary gastrointestinal lymphoma in non-immunocompromised patients in Korea.

We examined 81 cases of primary gastrointestinal lymphomas in Korea, including 64 gastric lymphomas and 17 intestinal lymphomas, for EBV expression by EBER-1 in situ hybridization (ISH) and EBNA-1 PCR. In EBER-1 positive cases, we performed immunohistochemistry for latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) and EBV diffuse early antigen (EA(D)) to compare EBV latent gene expression and lytic process. EBER-1 was detected in 15 of 81 cases of lymphomas. EBER-1 expression showed three different patterns on tumour cells; diffuse 4/81 (5%), localized 4/81 (8%), and a few scattered pattern 7/81 (9%). We regarded diffuse pattern and localized pattern as EBER-1 positive group (8/81: 10%). Diffuse pattern of EBER-1 was shown in all three T-cell lymphomas and one B-cell lymphoma. A localized pattern was seen all in B-cell lymphomas. The EBER-1 expression was 11% in the stomach (7/64) and 6% in the intestine (1/17). Five of the eight EBER-1 positive gastric lymphomas were histologically diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, and the other three were peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified, one angiocentric lymphoma, and one intestinal T-cell lymphoma by REAL classification. Eight MALT type gastric B-cell lymphomas showed no EBV association. EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA-1) was detected in 15 of 45 resected cases (33%) by PCR. EBER-1 positive cases were all EBNA-1 positive. Twelve EBNA-positive/EBER-negative cases consisted of seven cases showing a few scattered EBER-1 positive lymphocytes. LMP-1 and diffuse early antigen (EA(D)) was detected in five and three cases, respectively. Although follow-up information in our series was incomplete, it seemed that there was no significant difference in their staging or prognosis between EBER-positive cases and EBER-negative group. It is concluded that EBV is associated with some lymphomas among Koreans without overt pre-existing immunodeficiency, especially in T-cell lymphomas.

Adolescent↗