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Biomedical subjects

K Iwase

Publications and source records attributed to K Iwase.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Isolation of a full-length cDNA clone for human GTP cyclohydrolase I type 1 from pheochromocytoma.

Although the existence of three different cDNA forms of human GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH I) have been reported (Togari et al., 1992), the full-length sequence of any human GCH I cDNA involving poly (A) tail has not yet been documented. In the present study, we first isolated a full-length cDNA clone encoding human GCH I type 1 from human pheochromocytoma cDNA library. The length of the cDNA insert was 2,921 base pairs including poly (A) tail. RNA blot analysis showed a single mRNA species of 4.0 kb in human pheochromocytoma tissue.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Serial changes in plasma levels of pancreatic elastase 1 after pancreatic surgeries.

The alterations of the plasma level of elastase 1 (Ela) were investigated in 15 patients undergoing total pancreatectomy (TP), 18 patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), 8 patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy (DP) and 10 patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GR). The Ela level decreased rapidly below the normal level after TP. The plasma half-life of Ela was 4.6 +/- 1.2 h (Mean +/- SEM). The Ela levels after PD were abnormally elevated until the 7th postoperative day. The Ela levels after DP and GR were elevated gradually until the 7th postoperative day. From 1 to 6 months after PD, DP and GR, the Ela levels were normal. An additional release of Ela from the remaining pancreas following direct surgical interventions to the pancreas resulted in the elevated of the plasma level of Ela in the early postoperative period. The plasma level of Ela was normalized within 2 weeks after pancreatic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Changes in calmodulin concentration and cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity in skeletal muscle of hyper- and hypothyroid rats.

Hyper- and hypothyroid states occasionally induce skeletal muscle dysfunction i.e. periodic paralysis and thyroid myopathy. The etiology of these diseases remains unclear, but several findings suggest that the catecholamine-beta-receptor-cAMP system or other messenger systems are disturbed in these diseases. In this context, we evaluated changes in the cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide metabolic enzyme, cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) and calmodulin concentrations in skeletal muscles of hyper- and hypothyroid rats. Activities of cyclic AMP-PDE were low in skeletal muscle both from hyper- and hypothyroid rats, and calmodulin concentration was high in hyperthyroid and low in hypothyroid rats, as compared with normal rats. DE-52 column chromatographic analysis showed that the cGMP hydrolytic activity in peak I and the cAMP hydrolytic activity in peak II were decreased in hypothyroid rats, whereas cAMP hydrolytic activity in peak III was unchanged. The cAMP hydrolytic activity in peak III was decreased in hyperthyroid rats, but the activities in peaks I and II were unchanged. These findings indicate that cAMP and calmodulin may have some role in skeletal muscle function in the hyperthyroid state, and that cAMP and calmodulin-dependent metabolism may be suppressed in the hypothyroid state.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1994

Right atrial to left atrial shunt through foramen ovale during pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

A 62-year old female patient in whom paradoxical right atrial to left atrial shunt flow through the foramen ovale was detected by transesophageal echocardiography during pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy was reported. This patient had a history of mitral valve replacement with residual tricuspid valve regurgitation. It was considered that the onset of paradoxical interatrial shunting through the foramen ovale might be caused not only by mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure but also by pneumoperitoneum, especially in patients with heart disease, even if the intra-abdominal pressure was maintained at 12 mmHg.

Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic↗
PubMed1994

Laparoscopic deroofing for symptomatic liver cysts: report of a case.

We present herein the case of a 73-year-old woman with symptomatic liver cysts and cholelithiasis for whom successful deroofing of the liver cysts and cholecystectomy were performed via laparoscopy. Histopathological diagnosis of the resected cyst wall and direct observation of the inner surface of the remaining cyst wall confirmed that they were benign biliary cysts. The laparoscopic deroofing of liver cysts is therefore not only an effective means of treatment, but it also facilitates the establishment of an exact differential diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Cushing's syndrome with cortisol hypersecretion from one of bilateral adrenocortical adenomas: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 40-year-old man with Cushing's syndrome, diagnosed by clinical manifestations and endocrinological studies, who was found to have bilateral adrenocortical adenomas, one of which hypersecreted cortisol. The Cushing's syndrome was therefore attributed to primary adrenocortical disease, and the right adrenal tumor was resected and histologically diagnosed as a so-called black adenoma. After resection of the right tumor, the left adrenal tumor showed no signs of cortisol hypersecretion for the 23 months of follow-up until the patient died of peritonitis subsequent to the rupture of a duodenal ulcer. The left adrenal tumor was examined at autopsy and found to be a cortical adenoma. These data imply that the adrenal adenomas developed primarily from the adrenal gland itself, and that one of the tumors was well differentiated and secreted excess hormones, while the other remained in cell proliferation without hypersecretion.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Primary mesenteric tumor of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: report of a case.

A rare case of primary mesenteric tumor of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is reported. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital after the diagnosis of a palpable ileocecal tumor. Although the serologic test for human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody was positive, neither ATLL cells in the peripheral blood nor systemic lymphadenopathy were observed. At laparotomy, the tumor was histopathologically revealed to be ATLL, and was also found to be restricted to the mesentery. An immunohistochemical examination of the tumor tissue using a specific monoclonal antibody was positive for CD2 and CD4, and negative for CD8. Proviral genome integration in the tumor cells was found by Southern blotting using a 32P-labeled HTLV-I probe with EcoRI and PstI digestion. Combination chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone was begun postoperatively, but the patient did not respond to therapy. Up to now, only two cases of ATLL originating primarily in the abdominal cavity have been reported. These cases all demonstrate the need to consider the possibility of a primary ATLL mesenteric tumor without leukemic manifestation in the peripheral blood.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1994

Tyrosine hydroxylase indicates cell differentiation of catecholamine biosynthesis in neuroendocrine tumors.

The intracellular localization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), which is the rate limiting enzyme in catecholamine (CA) biosynthesis, and its activity in various adrenal and other neuroendocrine tumors was studied. TH was strongly localized in adrenal medulla, pheochromocytoma, and paraganglioma, but was scatteredly expressed in neuroblastoma. TH was not detected in adrenocortical tumors, ganglioneuroma, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Neuron specific enolase (NSE) was found in all neuroendocrine tumors, but Grimelius staining showed only the secreting granules of the tumor cells. TH activity was significantly high in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma as compared with that in normal adrenal gland, whereas TH activity was low in a neuroblastoma and was undetectable in other tumors. These findings indicate that TH correlates well with the biosynthetic function of CA in the tumor cell and, thus, both the immunostaining of TH and the measurement of its activity in adreno-medullary and related tumors may provide some information about the process of cell differentiation in these tumors.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Visualization of a moving quadrupole with magnetic measurements of peripheral nerve action fields.

Magnetic compound action fields (CAFs) over the right arm were measured from 63 sensor positions with two 7-channel SQUID gradiometer systems following electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist. The field mapping of the CAFs revealed a propagating quadrupolar pattern with the leading depolarization and trailing repolarization fronts. The average distribution of the CAFs in the longitudinal direction was 9.0 cm in length for the depolarization field and 7.3 cm for the repolarization field in good agreement with a theoretical prediction based on the duration (3 msec) of the CAFs and the conduction velocity of the nerve (50 m/sec). The distance between the maxima of the depolarization front and the minima of the repolarization front was 6.3 cm. This spatial separation of the leading and trailing dipole locations suggests in part mutual cancellation of the fields with opposite polarity at or near the depolarized segment of nerve fibers.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Intra-abdominal venous pressure during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) pressures were measured serially during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in which the intra-abdominal pressure was maintained at 12 mmHg. The influences of alteration of position from 15 degrees head-down to 15 degrees head-up and of the operative procedure of holding the gallbladder up to the right subphrenic space on SVC and IVC pressures were mild. IVC pressure was maintained almost equal to the intra-abdominal pressure during prolonged continuous pneumoperitoneum lasting longer than 60 min, while SVC pressure did not change significantly during operation. The discrepancy between SVC and IVC pressures underwent no change during continuous pneumoperitoneum.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1994

Changes of calmodulin concentration and cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities in cardiac muscle of hyper- and hypothyroid rats.

To investigate the effect of thyroid hormone on cardiac muscle dysfunction in hyper- and hypothyroid states, we evaluated cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide metabolism by measuring cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity and calmodulin concentrations in the cardiac muscles of hyper- and hypothyroid rats. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentration was significantly high in the cardiac muscle of hyperthyroid rats and low in that from hypothyroid rats compared with control rats. Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activities were significantly decreased in the soluble fraction of cardiac muscle from hyperthyroid rats and markedly increased in this fraction in hypothyroid rats compared with normal animals. Calmodulin concentration was high in hyperthyroid and low in hypothyroid rats. It was concluded from these findings that low cAMP-phosphodiesterase activity might, in part, bring about the high concentration of cAMP. Calmodulin was significantly high in the cardiac muscle of hyperthyroid rats and the reverse was the case in hypothyroid rats compared with normal rats. The implication is that, in hyper- and hypothyroid states, these changes may play an important role in cardiac function via their effect on cyclic nucleotide and Ca2+ metabolism.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1993

Pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma producing pancreatic elastase 1.

The elevation of plasma pancreatic elastase 1 in patients with pancreatic cancer is caused by concomitant pancreatitis. There is no report that pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma tissue itself produced elastase 1. A 54-year-old woman underwent total pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma. Her plasma elastase 1 level subsequently decreased from the preoperative value of 406 ng/dl to values ranging between 96 ng/dl and 119 ng/dl, until 6 months after the operation, when it began to increase gradually to a maximum of 300 ng/dl in association with local recurrence and hepatic metastasis. Immunohistochemical staining of elastase 1 was positive in the primary tumor resected at operation as well as in the locally recurrent and hepatic metastatic tumors obtained at autopsy. These findings suggested that elastase 1 was produced by the tumor cells in this patient. This is the first case in which pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma cells produced elastase 1.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

The solitary cutaneous metastasis of asymptomatic colon cancer to an operative scar.

Although umbilical or cutaneous metastases from asymptomatic internal malignancies are occasionally documented, the literature contains no report of a solitary cutaneous metastasis to an old operative scar from an asymptomatic internal malignancy. A rare case of colonic cancer presenting as a solitary subcutaneous metastasis to a lower abdominal scar resulting from an open prostatectomy is described in this communication. It was impossible to distinguish this subcutaneous metastasis from a pyogenic granuloma caused by residual sutures without histological evidence. Thus, a granuloma that persists despite repeated treatment may be a possible sign of asymptomatic internal malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Enhancement of DNA polymerase beta activity in the pituitary gland by hormonal feedback.

The activity of DNA polymerase beta (beta-enzyme) in bovine and rat pituitary glands was remarkably higher in the anterior than in the posterior lobe. In sucrose gradient centrifugation, the activity in the anterior lobe of the bovine pituitary gland appeared at the sedimentation constant, 3.3 S, while that of rat pituitary gland appeared at 3.3 S, 7.3 S and 12 S, respectively. The activity in each fraction increased in the anterior lobes of rat pituitaries that were stimulated to release TSH by decreased thyroid hormone levels induced by an antithyroid drug. These results suggest that the activity of the beta-enzyme is high in the cells of the anterior lobe which are hyperfunctioned to produce pituitary thyreotrophic hormone and may be controlled by hormonal feedback regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Serial changes in renal function during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Intraoperative serial changes in systemic hemodynamic parameters and in the results of renal function tests were studied in 7 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LAP) in which intra-abdominal pressure was maintained at 12 mm Hg, and in 7 patients who underwent minilaparotomy cholecystectomy (MINI). No significant changes were observed in the parameters in the MINI group during the operation. However, urine output, effective renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate in the LAP group were decreased 60 min after initiation of pneumoperitoneum.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase in various thyroid disorders.

The intracellular localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, was studied in the thyroid tissue of various thyroid disorders by an immunohistochemical technique. The concentrations of both SODs in those tissues were measured also by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Copper/zinc-SOD in thyroid tissues were identified by immunocytochemical staining in most cases of papillary carcinoma and in some cases of other thyroid disorders. In normal follicular cells this enzyme is localized in the perinuclear cytoplasm, whereas in thyroid tumor or hyperplastic follicular cells it exists homogeneously in cytoplasm. Manganese-SOD stained strongly in papillary carcinoma and papillary-growing cells in the thyroid tissue of adenoma and Graves' disease. The concentrations of Cu/Zn-and Mn-SOD in thyroid tumor tissues and hyperplastic follicular disorders were significantly higher than those in normal thyroid tissue when they were compared as a function of protein or deoxyribonucleic acid contents. The ratio of Mn-SOD to Cu/Zn-SOD was significantly higher only in papillary carcinoma, except for other thyroid disorders as compared with that in the normal thyroid. In conclusion, SOD seems to be related to cell proliferation and differentiation in the thyroid follicular cell because Cu/Zn-SOD changes its localization in tumor and hyperplastic follicular cells and because the Mn-SOD concentration is increased in papillary carcinoma or papillary-growing cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Study of the localization and the concentration of superoxide dismutase in various thyroid disorders].

The localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, in various thyroid disorders was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in 20% formalin fixed paraffin embedded thin sections using anti-human Cu/Zn and Mn-SOD antibodies. The concentrations of both SODs in those tissues were also measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Cu/Zn SOD was immunocytochemically stained in most of papillary carcinoma, and some of other disorders. In the normal follicular cells it localized in the perinuclear cytoplasm, whereas in the tumor or hyperplastic cells it was in the cytoplasm homogeneously. Mn SOD was strongly stained in papillary carcinoma and papillary growing cells in adenoma and Graves' disease. The concentrations of Cu/Zn and Mn SOD in every thyroid disorder were higher than those in normal thyroid, and it was much higher in the malignant tumors. The ratio of the concentration of Mn SOD against Cu/Zn SOD in the tissues was higher only in papillary carcinoma compared with that in normal thyroid. In conclusion, SOD seems to be relating to the cell proliferation and differentiation in the thyroid since both SODs increased in tumors and hyperplastic disorders, and Cu/Zn SOD changed its localization and Mn SOD existed predominantly in papillary carcinoma or papillary growing cells.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗